NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12
Reproduction in Plants
Exercise Questions Page number 141-142
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is
called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower
of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.
Solution:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called vegetative propagation.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called unisexual
flower.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the
same kind is known as Pollination.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as fertilisation.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of wind, water and animals.
2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Solution:
Different methods of asexual reproduction are as follows:
Vegetative Propagation
In this asexual reproduction, new plants are produced from roots, stems, leaves and buds of the
individual plant.
Examples – Tuber of potato, the rhizome of ginger.
Budding
The bud is a small projection which gradually grows and gets detached from the parent cell and forms a
new yeast cell. The new yeast cell grows, matures and produces more yeast cells.
Example – Yeast.
Fragmentation
In this mode of reproduction, the growth and multiplication are done by rapidly breaking down into two
or more fragments. Each fragment grows into new individuals when water and nutrients are available.
Example – Algae
Spore Formation
This reproduction is done by spores which under favourable conditions germinates and develops into a
new individual.
Examples – Fungi like Rhizopus, Mucor, etc.
Fission
, NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12
Reproduction in Plants
It is a type of asexual reproduction where the unicellular organism splits to form new organisms. There
are two types of fission which are
• Binary fission
• Multiple fission
Examples
Unicellular organisms that undergo binary fission are amoeba, paramecium, Leishmania etc.
Plasmodium undergoes the process of multiple fission.
3. Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.
Solution:
Sexual reproduction is a method where male and female gametes fuse to form a new individual. In
plants, stamens and pistils are male and female reproductive organs which bear the anthers and ovary
respectively.
4. State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Solution:
Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction
It requires only one parents Requires a male and female parent
Daughter cells formed are identical to parents Newly formed offsprings show variations in
and to each other. comparision to the parents.
Special reproductive organs are not required Special reproductive organs are required
Ex: Yeast, rose, jasmine Ex: Insects, animals
Reproduction in Plants
Exercise Questions Page number 141-142
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is
called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower
of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.
Solution:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called vegetative propagation.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called unisexual
flower.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the
same kind is known as Pollination.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as fertilisation.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of wind, water and animals.
2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Solution:
Different methods of asexual reproduction are as follows:
Vegetative Propagation
In this asexual reproduction, new plants are produced from roots, stems, leaves and buds of the
individual plant.
Examples – Tuber of potato, the rhizome of ginger.
Budding
The bud is a small projection which gradually grows and gets detached from the parent cell and forms a
new yeast cell. The new yeast cell grows, matures and produces more yeast cells.
Example – Yeast.
Fragmentation
In this mode of reproduction, the growth and multiplication are done by rapidly breaking down into two
or more fragments. Each fragment grows into new individuals when water and nutrients are available.
Example – Algae
Spore Formation
This reproduction is done by spores which under favourable conditions germinates and develops into a
new individual.
Examples – Fungi like Rhizopus, Mucor, etc.
Fission
, NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12
Reproduction in Plants
It is a type of asexual reproduction where the unicellular organism splits to form new organisms. There
are two types of fission which are
• Binary fission
• Multiple fission
Examples
Unicellular organisms that undergo binary fission are amoeba, paramecium, Leishmania etc.
Plasmodium undergoes the process of multiple fission.
3. Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.
Solution:
Sexual reproduction is a method where male and female gametes fuse to form a new individual. In
plants, stamens and pistils are male and female reproductive organs which bear the anthers and ovary
respectively.
4. State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Solution:
Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction
It requires only one parents Requires a male and female parent
Daughter cells formed are identical to parents Newly formed offsprings show variations in
and to each other. comparision to the parents.
Special reproductive organs are not required Special reproductive organs are required
Ex: Yeast, rose, jasmine Ex: Insects, animals
