C787 Unit 2 Module Study Guide (Nutrition to support wellness)

Unit 2: Nutrition to Support Wellness (Cohort 1 Video) Reading: Macronutrients -Identify the differences between macronutrients and micronutrients Macro nutrients: are carbs, lipids & proteins. Provides energy needed for growth, thermoregulation, physical activity, pregnancy/lactation. Needed in larger amts than micronutrients Micro nutrients: vitamins/minerals in small amts for good health/development. Play various roles in cell metabolism. Deficiencies cause widespread health probs. -Differentiate the S/S for the following diseases: Obesity: excess consumption. Increased risk for CAD, some cancers & type 2 diabetes. Puts stress on knee/ankle joints. Is an energy imbalance, where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Influenced by genetic/environmental factors. Marasmus: general deficiency of macronutrients. Also called protein-calorie malnutrition. Kwashiorkor: primarily attributed to deficiency of dietary protein. s/sx include fatigue, irritability, lethargy, poor growth, apathy, edema, decreased muscle mass, large belly, diarrhea, dermatitis, change in hair, infections. Can lead to coma/death. Anorexia nervosa: restricted intake. Body weight @ or < 85% of normal. Intense fear of wt gain, distorted perception of body wt. 3rd most common condition of adolescents. Common co-morbid conditions: OCD, depression, anxiety, social phobia. Can lead to decreased micronutrient intake, which leads to death. Bulimia nervosa: binge eating f/b purging (vomiting or misuse of laxatives/diuretics). Can lead to obesity. Pellagra: Deficiency of Niacin (Vit B3). Characterized by “4 D’s of Pellagra:” dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia & death. Reading: Micronutrients Identify diseases/illness related to specific vitamin deficiencies (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, iron, iodine, etc.). Vit C Deficiency (Scurvy): Early signs are bleeding gums/pinpoint hemorrhages under skin, rough scaly skin, hardening of arteries or massive bleeding can happen & lead to death. Vit D Deficiency (Rickets): bone formation impaired. Bow legged appearance Vit A Deficiency: leads to blindness. Even mild deficiency causes diarrhea & URIs Iron Deficiency (Anemia): Iodine Deficiency: leads to physical/mental developmental delays