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Samenvatting Overzicht antibiotica Prof. Van den Steen

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Overzicht antibiotica van het Microbiologie, deel Prof. Van den Steen

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ANTIBIOTICA
Antibioticum Werking Antimicrobiële A Resistentie Farmaco Toxiciteit Klinisch gebruik

Fosfomycine Werkt in op 1e stap synthese Breed spectrum: Zeer snel: Goed penetratie Bijna niet In associatie
peptidoglycanen gram- en gram+ Mutatie vermogen Enzym niet Bact infecties
structureel analoog doelwitmolecule + aanwezig bij urinewegen
fosfoenolpyruvaat transport mens

Oxamycin (=D- Inhibitie racemase en D-ala-D- Lage Tuberculose (als
cycloserine) ala ligase therapeutische laatste middel)
index (CZS)

Bacitracin Verhindert de flip flop reactie Eng spectrum: Traag en zeldzaam: Synergie met Bij parenterale Brandwonden en
van Udc aan buitenkant vooral gram+ en udc kan niet aminoglycoside toediening zweren
membraan amper gram- want muteren: geen gen antibiotica
kan niet door kationen nodig
buitenmembraan geen absorptie via
de darm

Vancomycine (= Bint D-ala-D-ala en inhibeert Eng spectrum Door heel subtiele Geen absorptie na Red-Man Methiciline resistente
glycopeptide) glycosyltransferase en (gram+ bact) wijziging orale toediening syndroom: staf, bèta lactam
ander vb: transpeptidase peptidoglycaan IV allergische allergische mensen,
teicoplanin structuur (D-Lac) Zeer goeie reactie? C.difficile colitis
verdeling in (oraal)
lichaam
niet in CSF




Antibioticum Werking Antimicrobiële A Resistentie Farmaco Toxiciteit Klinisch gebruik

, B-lactam : Bindt met PBP’s: Natuurlijke B-lactamase Korte eliminatie tijd Kruisallergie
penicilline transpeptidasen en penicilline: eng enzymen: Uitgescheiden via uitz: aztreonam
bactericide carboxypeptidasen celwand spectrum hydrolyse B-lactam de nieren
OP GROEIENDE BACTERIE aminopenicilline: ring
breed spectrum Verandering PBP’s
Carboxypenicilline en overproductie
eng Verandering
ureidopenicilline: permeabiliteit
breed spectrum gram-

Benzylpenicilline Idem Gram+ Idem Parenterale
toediening

Penicilline V Idem Gram+ Idem Wel orale
toediening

Methicilline Idem Eng spectrum: B lactamase
gram + resistent

Dicloxacilline Idem Eng spectrum: B lactamase
gram + resistent

Nafcilline Idem Eng spectrum: B lactamase
gram + resistent

Aminopenicilline Idem Breed B lactamase Amoxycilline: oraal
gevoelig Ampicilline:
parenteraal


Antibioticum Werking Antimicrobiële A Resistentie Farmaco Toxiciteit Klinisch gebruik

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