, Critical Literature
Review
International Classroom II
Information
Title: Critical Literature Review
Date of publication: 11-01-2022
Student:
Student-number:
Class:
Module: International Classroom II
Wordcount: 5189
Information Education:
Name: The Hague University of Applied Sciences
Education: Facility Management
Address: Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN
Lecturer:
,Preface
Dear Reader,
This critical literature review has written in the theme of international classroom II in year three of
the facility management course. I found the writing of this critical literature review informative
because I have read many informative articles where I have also improved my English. To come on
this critical literature review, many different articles have been read. These different articles
provided a good insight into integrated facility management.
As I have written this paper, I have learned to read critically instead of just reporting pieces of text.
Furthermore, by reading the different pieces, I learned a lot about information that my group
members and I were able to use to create the BID.
For writing this assignment, I would like to thank name teacher for her feedback and help. The other
classes that were taught helped with the writing of this research. The classes were taught by
different lecturers, for this reason I thank the different lecturers for their input.
Furthermore, I would like to thank my fellow students for helping me when I did not understand
something.
I wish an enjoyable and educational experience while reading this Critical Literature Review.
Best regards,
Name student
8 January, 2022
,Table of Content
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Subject............................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Main question................................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Sub questions.................................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Research methods..........................................................................................................................................5
2. The facility management department......................................................................................................... 6
3. Meaning of outsourcing............................................................................................................................. 8
4. Forms of outsourcing................................................................................................................................. 9
4.1 Single sourcing...............................................................................................................................................9
4.2 Multisourcing.................................................................................................................................................9
4.3 Integrated Facility Management.................................................................................................................10
5. The added value....................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Added value single sourcing.........................................................................................................................12
5.2 Added value Multisourcing..........................................................................................................................12
5.3 Added value of Integrated Facility Management........................................................................................12
6. Conclusion............................................................................................................................................... 14
7. Bibliography............................................................................................................................................. 16
, 1. Introduction
1.1 Subject
Outsourcing facility management services has been a big trend since 2012 (Facility Executive, 2012).
The definition of facility management can be described as: ‘’Facility management (FM) is a profession
that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality, comfort, safety, and efficiency of the
built environment by integrating people, place, process, and technology (IFMA, 2021).’’ FM support
services can be outsourced today. But what exactly is meant by the term outsourcing? Outsourcing
is: ‘’The business practice of hiring a party outside a company to perform services or create goods
that were traditionally performed in-house by the company’s own employees and staff (Twin,
2021).’’
To this day, outsourcing integrated facility services is still hugely popular. Especially currently where
many organizations provide an integrated set of services (Entwisle, 2017). Many facilities
organizations are in the process of outsourcing various facilities services. This is done to align the
supply of the various organizations with customer demand. Because outsourcing has become a
popular topic, there are now many different forms of outsourcing.
The second chapter of this critical literature review will focus on what is meant by the facility
management department. Then the third chapter will address what is meant by the term
outsourcing. In the fourth chapter, different forms of outsourcing will be discussed and in the fifth
chapter, the added value of outsourcing in general and the added value of the different outsourcing
forms will be discussed. Finally, in the sixth chapter a conclusion will be given, in which the main
question will be answered.
1.2 Main question
When an organization chooses to outsource its services, there can be consequences. It can be
difficult for organizations to choose among the various outsourcing options. Does it add value to the
organization or not? Therefore, this critical literature review will answer the following main question:
‘’Could outsourcing integrated facility management processes provide more added value to an
organization then other different forms of outsourcing?’’
1.3 Sub questions
The main question cannot be answered without any sub questions. The following sub questions are
formulated:
- What is meant by the facility management department?
- What can be understood by outsourcing?
- What are different forms of outsourcing?
- What is the added value?
1.4 Research methods
This critical literature review was accomplished with the help of several articles. By critically
reviewing different articles, it was possible to answer the sub-questions. Articles were used with a
total of nine different topics. Other sources were also used, with the help of desk research these
sources with relevant information were found. All the sources used ultimately helped to answer the
main question that was prepared in advance.
5
Review
International Classroom II
Information
Title: Critical Literature Review
Date of publication: 11-01-2022
Student:
Student-number:
Class:
Module: International Classroom II
Wordcount: 5189
Information Education:
Name: The Hague University of Applied Sciences
Education: Facility Management
Address: Johanna Westerdijkplein 75, 2521 EN
Lecturer:
,Preface
Dear Reader,
This critical literature review has written in the theme of international classroom II in year three of
the facility management course. I found the writing of this critical literature review informative
because I have read many informative articles where I have also improved my English. To come on
this critical literature review, many different articles have been read. These different articles
provided a good insight into integrated facility management.
As I have written this paper, I have learned to read critically instead of just reporting pieces of text.
Furthermore, by reading the different pieces, I learned a lot about information that my group
members and I were able to use to create the BID.
For writing this assignment, I would like to thank name teacher for her feedback and help. The other
classes that were taught helped with the writing of this research. The classes were taught by
different lecturers, for this reason I thank the different lecturers for their input.
Furthermore, I would like to thank my fellow students for helping me when I did not understand
something.
I wish an enjoyable and educational experience while reading this Critical Literature Review.
Best regards,
Name student
8 January, 2022
,Table of Content
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Subject............................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Main question................................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Sub questions.................................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Research methods..........................................................................................................................................5
2. The facility management department......................................................................................................... 6
3. Meaning of outsourcing............................................................................................................................. 8
4. Forms of outsourcing................................................................................................................................. 9
4.1 Single sourcing...............................................................................................................................................9
4.2 Multisourcing.................................................................................................................................................9
4.3 Integrated Facility Management.................................................................................................................10
5. The added value....................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Added value single sourcing.........................................................................................................................12
5.2 Added value Multisourcing..........................................................................................................................12
5.3 Added value of Integrated Facility Management........................................................................................12
6. Conclusion............................................................................................................................................... 14
7. Bibliography............................................................................................................................................. 16
, 1. Introduction
1.1 Subject
Outsourcing facility management services has been a big trend since 2012 (Facility Executive, 2012).
The definition of facility management can be described as: ‘’Facility management (FM) is a profession
that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality, comfort, safety, and efficiency of the
built environment by integrating people, place, process, and technology (IFMA, 2021).’’ FM support
services can be outsourced today. But what exactly is meant by the term outsourcing? Outsourcing
is: ‘’The business practice of hiring a party outside a company to perform services or create goods
that were traditionally performed in-house by the company’s own employees and staff (Twin,
2021).’’
To this day, outsourcing integrated facility services is still hugely popular. Especially currently where
many organizations provide an integrated set of services (Entwisle, 2017). Many facilities
organizations are in the process of outsourcing various facilities services. This is done to align the
supply of the various organizations with customer demand. Because outsourcing has become a
popular topic, there are now many different forms of outsourcing.
The second chapter of this critical literature review will focus on what is meant by the facility
management department. Then the third chapter will address what is meant by the term
outsourcing. In the fourth chapter, different forms of outsourcing will be discussed and in the fifth
chapter, the added value of outsourcing in general and the added value of the different outsourcing
forms will be discussed. Finally, in the sixth chapter a conclusion will be given, in which the main
question will be answered.
1.2 Main question
When an organization chooses to outsource its services, there can be consequences. It can be
difficult for organizations to choose among the various outsourcing options. Does it add value to the
organization or not? Therefore, this critical literature review will answer the following main question:
‘’Could outsourcing integrated facility management processes provide more added value to an
organization then other different forms of outsourcing?’’
1.3 Sub questions
The main question cannot be answered without any sub questions. The following sub questions are
formulated:
- What is meant by the facility management department?
- What can be understood by outsourcing?
- What are different forms of outsourcing?
- What is the added value?
1.4 Research methods
This critical literature review was accomplished with the help of several articles. By critically
reviewing different articles, it was possible to answer the sub-questions. Articles were used with a
total of nine different topics. Other sources were also used, with the help of desk research these
sources with relevant information were found. All the sources used ultimately helped to answer the
main question that was prepared in advance.
5
