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Samenvatting Cel II Celfysiologie

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goede samenvatting met voldoende figuren als je dit leert, moet je cursus niet meer bekijken voor examen

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SAMENVATTING FYSIOLOGIE




1

,Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding
1.1 Lichaamscompartimenten
Lichaam, organen, cellen= compartimenten gescheiden door membranen

Intracellulaire ruimte
Plasmamembraan
Extracellulaire ruimte
Interstitium (bloedcellen)
Bloedplasma


Samenstelling van de compartimenten= behouden
 Permeabiliteits- en transporteigenschappen van membranen
 Eigenschappen van fosfolipiden laag



1.2 Vochtcompartimenten
a. Samenstelling
40% lichaamsgewicht= intracellulair
20% lichaamsgewicht= extracellulair
- 5% lichaamsgewicht bloedplasma
- 15% lichaamsgewicht interstitieel vocht




 Kleine verschillen in concentratie
van lading => potentiaalverschillen
 Membraanpotentiaal= binnenzijde
is negatiever dan buitenzijde




2

, b. Uitwisseling
Uitwisseling tussen de verschillende compartimenten:
- Water
- Ionen
- Moleculen met signalisatie/metabole functies
Samenstelling van de compartimenten CONSTANT
 Homeostase = constant houden van een lichaamstoestand door regelsystemen
 Allostase= constant houden van een lichaamstoestand door verandering

! Minste vocht in beenderen
! Meeste vocht in hersenen
! Kinderen hebben grotere waterinhoud, ze verliezen meer door grotere
oppervlakte/volume verhouding


Hoofdstuk 2: overzicht transporten




 Membranen selectief doorlaatbaar
 Transport over membranen




3

, 2.1 Passief transport
- Spontaan
- Geen energie
- Met concentratiegradiënt mee

Transport Wat? Drijvende kracht
Diffusie Opgeloste stof Concentratieverschil
Ongeladen moleculen = chemisch
potentiaalverschil
Elektrodiffusie Geladen moleculen Concentratieverschil
Ionen Ladingsverschil
= elektrochemisch
potentiaalverschil
Osmose Oplosmiddel Verschil in osmotische druk

Filtratie Oplosmiddel + grotere Hydrostatische druk
stoffen
Geholpen diffusie Moleculen Transporteiwit
Kanaaleiwit
Convectie Oplosmiddel + deeltjes Stroming
Solvent trekt door stroming
deeltjes mee
= solvent draag




2.2 Actief transport
- Niet spontaan
- Energie nodig
- Tegen de concentratiegradiënt in

Primair actief transport Energie uit ATP Na/k pomp verbruikt ATP
om concentratie K binnen
hoog te houden
Secundair actief transport Energie uit spontaan
transport




4

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