Exam (elaborations) GIZMO Circulatory System

Exam (elaborations) GIZMO Circulatory System Vocabulary: artery, atrium, blood vessel, capillary, circulatory system, heart, platelet, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, red blood cell, urea, ventricle, vein, white blood cell Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. Why do you need blood? To transport oxygen throughout the body. 2. What organ pushes blood through your body? Heart Gizmo Warm-up The Circulatory System Gizmo™ shows the heart and blood vessels that make up the circulatory system. Look at the heart. 1. How many chambers does the heart have? 4 2. Do you see tiny “doors” that open and close as blood is pumped through the heart? Yes These are valves. Valves keep blood from flowing backward in the heart and blood vessels. 3. Turn on Show labels. What are the names of the chambers? Left atrium, Right atrium, Left ventricle, and Right ventricle 4. Click PLAY and listen for the two parts of the heartbeat, nicknamed “lub” and “dub.” (Note: The recording is not in sync with the heart animation.) Observe the heart. A. Which chambers contract during “lub”? Left atrium & Right atrium B. Which chambers contract during “dub”? Left ventricle & Right ventricle 5. Challenge: Why do you think the left atrium and left ventricle are shown on the right side of the diagram? The x-ray was taking on someone's back to have a better picture. Activity A: Blood flow Get the Gizmo ready: ● Turn off Show labels. ● Turn on Show blood flow. Question: How does blood flow through the heart? 1. Observe: Blood in each chamber of the heart is represented by little balls. Observe the balls as they move through the heart and lungs. 2. Label: Turn on Show labels. Label the four chambers of the heart on the diagram. Then draw arrows to show the direction that blood flows through the heart. Starting at the right atrium, in what order does blood This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :39:10 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH GIZMO Student Exploration: Circulatory System flow through the four chambers? Left atrium, Right atrium, Left ventricle, and Right ventricle 3. Analyze: Observe the path of blood that leaves each ventricle. A. Where does blood from the right ventricle go? To the head B. Where does blood from the left ventricle go? To the lungs 4. Collect data: Use the syringe to collect a blood sample from the right ventricle (on the left side of the heart diagram). Look at the Data from blood sample numbers. A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? Mostly red blood cells (some white blood cells) B. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? 47.6% 5. Collect data: Now collect a blood sample from the left atrium. A. What is the concentration of oxygen in this sample? 91.3% B. What is the concentration of carbon dioxide in this sample? 38.6% 6. Draw conclusions: Between the right ventricle and the left atrium, blood goes through the lungs. Based on the data you have collected, what happens in the lungs? The right is slower so blood can get to the head while the left pumps fastest to move oxygen through the lungs. This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :39:10 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH Activity B: Blood circulation Get the Gizmo ready: ● Check that Show labels is on. ● Turn on Show blood flow. Question: How is blood carried to different parts of the body? 1. Observe: Watch the blood after it leaves the left ventricle. What are some places that blood goes after leaving the heart? Head, right kidney, left kidney, lungs, intestines, and leiver. 2. Compare: The Gizmo shows three types of blood vessels. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, capillaries carry blood to body cells, and veins carry blood back to the heart. Locate examples of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Use the syringe to take blood samples from several different veins and arteries. A. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-rich blood? Red B. Which type of blood vessel usually carries oxygen-poor blood? Blue C. In which type of blood vessel is oxygen released into body cells? Arteries 3. Challenge: The pulmonary artery carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the lungs back to the left atrium. Locate these blood vessels, and use the syringe to take a blood sample from each. A. How is the blood in the pulmonary artery different from blood in other arteries? It carries deoxygenated blood rather than oxygenated B. How is the blood in the pulmonary vein different from blood in other veins? It carries oxygenated blood rather than deoxygenated 4. Extend your thinking: How is the circulatory system similar to a road-and-highway system? The circulatory system is like a highway and road system, because modern day road systems give drivers access to just about anywhere. The roads are like the blood vessels and the cars are like the substances moving within the blood vessels. Extension: What’s in your blood? Get the Gizmo ready: ● Take a blood sample from any blood vessel using the syringe. 1. Observe: Look at the Microscopic view of blood sample. Sketch what you see in the space at right. (If you like, you could also click the camera icon to take a Gizmo This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :39:10 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH snapshot, and then paste your snapshot into a blank word-processing document.) Find and label the following objects in your sketch: ● Red blood cells (small, round cells that carry oxygen) ● White blood cells (large, irregular cells that fight disease) ● Platelets (tiny fragments that help to stop bleeding when you are cut) 2. Collect data: Blood carries many vital substances. Four of these are listed above the Microscopic view. Oxygen and sugar are needed by all body cells. Carbon dioxide and urea are waste products. What are the concentrations of each substance in this sample? Oxygen: 95.3 mm Hg Carbon dioxide: 38.3 mm Hg Sugar: 118.1 mg/dL Urea: 13.5 mg/dL Investigate: Take samples of blood from all over the body. Try to determine where sugar enters the blood, and where it is removed. A. Where does sugar enter the blood? The intestines B. How can you tell where sugar enters the blood? Because that’s where the highest content is found. C. Where is sugar removed from the blood? The capillaries D. How can you tell? Because the sugar content decreases as it flows through. 3. Investigate: Take blood samples to determine where urea enters the blood and is removed. A. Where does urea enter the blood? The liver B. Where is urea removed from the blood? The kidney This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :39:10 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH