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Samenvatting Brug 1: gezonde mens deel 3

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Samenvatting van de cursus en powerpoint

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December 22, 2021
Number of pages
17
Written in
2020/2021
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Inhoudsopgave
1 Inleiding..........................................................................................................2
2 Inleiding aan de hand van anatomische en functionele eigenschappen 3
2.1 Functies zenuwstelsel...............................................................................3
2.2 Anatomische indeling................................................................................3
2.3 Functionele indeling..................................................................................4
3 Synapsen.......................................................................................................5
3.1 Communicatie tussen neuronen...............................................................5
3.2 Bouw van een synaps...............................................................................5
3.3 Synapsfunctie en neurotransmitters.........................................................6
3.3.1 Werking neurotransmitters.................................................................8
4 Reflexen.........................................................................................................9
4.1 Inleiding....................................................................................................9
4.2 Eenvoudige reflexen.................................................................................9
4.2.1 Werking reflexboog............................................................................9
4.2.2 Monosynaptische reflex...................................................................10
4.3 Complexe reflexen..................................................................................10
5 Sensorische informatie en motorische impulsen....................................12
5.1 Inleiding..................................................................................................12
5.2 Sensibele banen.....................................................................................12
5.2.1 Dorsale kolom..................................................................................13
5.3 Motorische banen...................................................................................14
5.3.1 Corticospinale baan.........................................................................15
6 Het autonome zenuwstelsel.......................................................................16
6.1 Inleiding..................................................................................................16
6.2 Sympatische zenuwstelsel.....................................................................16
6.3 Parasympatisch zenuwstelsel................................................................17




1

, De gezonde mens deel 3: Het zenuwstelsel



1 Inleiding


 zenuwstelsel en hormoonstelsel coördineren de activiteiten van alle
orgaanstelsels
o om homeostase te handhaven
 zenuwstelsel reageert snel maar kort
 hormoonstelsel reageert snel maar langer
 ZS is het meest complexe orgaanstelsel
 zeer wisselend activiteitenpatroon
o door elektrische prikkels die toelaten om gebeurtenissen
onmiddellijk te starten of stoppen




2

, 2 Inleiding aan de hand van anatomische en functionele
eigenschappen
2.1 Functies zenuwstelsel


1. Meet het interne en externe milieu
2. Integreert informatie van de zintuigen
3. Coördineert gewilde en ongewilde reacties van vele andere
orgaanstelsels
 Functies worden uitgevoerd door neuronen/ neuroglia



2.2 Anatomische indeling


Centrale zenuwstelsel (CZS)

 integreert en coördineert de verwerking van sensorische informatie (info
via onze zintuigen)
 doorgeven van impulsen naar de spieren
 hogere functies (intelligentie, geheugen en emoties)



Perifeer zenuwstelsel (PZS)

 verzorgt alle communicatie tussen CZS en de rest van het lichaam
 omvat al het zenuwweefsel buiten het CZS




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