NUR 2502 / NUR2502 MDC 3 Final Exam solution guide Rasmussen University Fall 2021

MDC3 Final Study Guide  Left Sided Heart Failure (left side: backs up into the lungs) Left atrium, Left ventricle, mitral valve, or aortic valve o Ejection fraction needed to dx LHF <40 o Causes: HTN, Coronary artery disease (CAD), valvular disease o Education: restrict sodium, and possible fluid restriction, daily weight (report 2lb in 1 night or 3-5lb in 1-week weight gain), report sleep sitting up, use pillows to prop themselves up, notify provider is increase swelling, and decreased activity tolerance, med compliance (no skipping Lasik’s) o Signs and symptoms: increased BP and pooling of blood, pink frothy sputum, dyspnea and night, crackles, fatigue, pulmonary congestion, crackles, wheezing o The main goal is to prevent exacerbation in chronic conditions o Diagnosis: Ejection fraction (echocardiogram), Lab: BNP (fluid overload), Chest Xray, ECG o Interventions: Oxygen, position, assess lung sounds, assess VS, cough, and deep breath o Tx: DASH Diet,  Medications: Overall goal is to manage fluid volume and help the heart to control the fluid volume that is there.  Diuretics---- Enhance selective excretion of various electrolytes & water o Loop: furosemide: monitor potassium and electrolytes, dehydration (monitor daily weight and I&O, skin turgor, MOITOR BP before giving). If IV push give slowly. Adverse effects: Tinnitus (chronic)