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UMLAZI KWAZULU-NATAL
P.O. Box 1263 Jacobs 4026 Durban Tell: 031 907 7111 Fax: 031 907 2892
THERMODYNAMICS APPLIED III: TUTORIAL #1
STEADY FLOW ENERGY EQUATION (APPLICATIONS)
1. Write down the general energy equation for steady flow system and simplify when applied for the
following systems:
(i) Centrifugal water pump
(ii) Reciprocating air compressor
(iii) Steam nozzle
(iv) Steam turbine
(v) Gas turbine.
2. At the inlet to a certain nozzle the enthalpy of fluid passing is 2800 kJ/kg, and the velocity is 50
m/s. At the discharge end the enthalpy is 2600 kJ/kg. The nozzle is horizontal and there is negligible
heat loss from it.
(i) Find the velocity at exit of the nozzle.
(ii) If the inlet area is 900 cm2 and the specific volume at inlet is 0.187 m3/kg, find the mass
flow rate.
(iii) If the specific volume at the nozzle exit is 0.498 m3/kg, find the exit area of nozzle.
3. In a steam plant, 1 kg of water per second is supplied to the boiler. The enthalpy and velocity of
water entering the boiler are 800 kJ/kg and 5 m/s. The water receives 2200 kJ/kg of heat in the
boiler at constant pressure. The steam after passing through the turbine comes out with a velocity
of 50 m/s, and its enthalpy is 2520 kJ/kg. The inlet is 4 m above the turbine exit. Assuming the heat
losses from the boiler and the turbine to the surroundings are 20 kJ/s, calculate the power developed
by the turbine. Consider the boiler and turbine as single system.
4. In an air compressor air flows steadily at the rate of 0.5 kg/s through an air compressor. It enters
the compressor at 6 m/s with a pressure of 1 bar and a specific volume of 0.85 m3/kg and leaves at
5 m/s with a pressure of 7 bar and a specific volume of 0.16 m3/kg. The internal energy of the air
Prepared by N. Nkosi Chem. Eng. Dept. 2021/2
UMLAZI KWAZULU-NATAL
P.O. Box 1263 Jacobs 4026 Durban Tell: 031 907 7111 Fax: 031 907 2892
THERMODYNAMICS APPLIED III: TUTORIAL #1
STEADY FLOW ENERGY EQUATION (APPLICATIONS)
1. Write down the general energy equation for steady flow system and simplify when applied for the
following systems:
(i) Centrifugal water pump
(ii) Reciprocating air compressor
(iii) Steam nozzle
(iv) Steam turbine
(v) Gas turbine.
2. At the inlet to a certain nozzle the enthalpy of fluid passing is 2800 kJ/kg, and the velocity is 50
m/s. At the discharge end the enthalpy is 2600 kJ/kg. The nozzle is horizontal and there is negligible
heat loss from it.
(i) Find the velocity at exit of the nozzle.
(ii) If the inlet area is 900 cm2 and the specific volume at inlet is 0.187 m3/kg, find the mass
flow rate.
(iii) If the specific volume at the nozzle exit is 0.498 m3/kg, find the exit area of nozzle.
3. In a steam plant, 1 kg of water per second is supplied to the boiler. The enthalpy and velocity of
water entering the boiler are 800 kJ/kg and 5 m/s. The water receives 2200 kJ/kg of heat in the
boiler at constant pressure. The steam after passing through the turbine comes out with a velocity
of 50 m/s, and its enthalpy is 2520 kJ/kg. The inlet is 4 m above the turbine exit. Assuming the heat
losses from the boiler and the turbine to the surroundings are 20 kJ/s, calculate the power developed
by the turbine. Consider the boiler and turbine as single system.
4. In an air compressor air flows steadily at the rate of 0.5 kg/s through an air compressor. It enters
the compressor at 6 m/s with a pressure of 1 bar and a specific volume of 0.85 m3/kg and leaves at
5 m/s with a pressure of 7 bar and a specific volume of 0.16 m3/kg. The internal energy of the air
Prepared by N. Nkosi Chem. Eng. Dept. 2021/2
