KT6 EBP
Inhoudsopgave
EBP Evidence Based Practice.......................................................................................................................... 4
Kritisch denken......................................................................................................................................................4
4 componenten EBP..............................................................................................................................................4
Werkingsmechanisme.....................................................................................................................................4
Vijf stappen EBP....................................................................................................................................................5
Achtergrondkennis..........................................................................................................................................5
Voorgrondkennis.............................................................................................................................................5
Klinische onzekerheid......................................................................................................................................5
3 informatiebronnen.............................................................................................................................................5
3 vragen wetenschappelijke kennis in klinische redeneringen gebruiken............................................................6
Evidence-based richtlijn...................................................................................................................................6
CAT (Critical Appraised Topic)........................................................................................................................ 6
Beantwoordbare vraag....................................................................................................................................6
PICO......................................................................................................................................................................6
Empirische cyclus........................................................................................................................................... 7
5 stappen empirische cyclus.................................................................................................................................7
Empirische cyclus herkenbaar in wetenschappelijk artikel..................................................................................7
IMRaD...................................................................................................................................................................7
Hiërarchie van kennis..................................................................................................................................... 8
Kwantitatief onderzoek en kwalitatief onderzoek................................................................................................8
Fundamenteel vs praktijkgericht..........................................................................................................................8
Oorspronkelijke studie..........................................................................................................................................8
Designs..................................................................................................................................................................8
Cross sectioneel vs longitudinaal.....................................................................................................................8
Retrospectief vs prospectief............................................................................................................................9
Observationeel vs experimenteel....................................................................................................................9
Observationele designs.........................................................................................................................................9
Experimentele designs........................................................................................................................................10
RCT Randomised Controlled Trial..................................................................................................................10
CCT Controlled Clinical Trial...........................................................................................................................10
Samenvattende designs......................................................................................................................................11
Systematische review....................................................................................................................................11
Meta-analyse.................................................................................................................................................11
Niet-wetenschappelijke designs.........................................................................................................................11
Case report....................................................................................................................................................11
Synopsis.........................................................................................................................................................12
Synthese.........................................................................................................................................................12
,Validiteit...................................................................................................................................................... 12
Interne validiteit.................................................................................................................................................13
Confounding..................................................................................................................................................13
Bias.....................................................................................................................................................................13
Information bias (bij een RCT, cohort- of patiëntcontroleonderzoek)..........................................................13
Information bias (bij een SR).........................................................................................................................13
Externe validiteit.................................................................................................................................................15
Generaliseerbaarheid (externe validiteit).....................................................................................................15
Betrouwbaarheid................................................................................................................................................15
Heterogeniteit............................................................................................................................................. 16
Klinische heterogeniteit.................................................................................................................................16
Statische heterogeniteit (bij een meta-analyse)...........................................................................................16
Klinische homogeniteit..................................................................................................................................16
Pooling...........................................................................................................................................................17
Statische significantie....................................................................................................................................17
I2....................................................................................................................................................................17
I<sup>2</sup>...............................................................................................................................................17
Forest plot......................................................................................................................................................17
Risicomaten................................................................................................................................................. 17
RR (Risk Ratio).....................................................................................................................................................18
Effectmaat......................................................................................................................................................18
P-waarde........................................................................................................................................................18
Risicoverschil (Risk Difference)...........................................................................................................................18
Odds ratio (OR)...................................................................................................................................................19
NNT (Numbers needed to treat).........................................................................................................................19
Data-extractie................................................................................................................................................19
Mean..............................................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek.......................................................................................................... 20
Kwantitatief onderzoek......................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief onderzoek.........................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief onderzoek....................................................................................................................................21
Kwantitatieve bevraging................................................................................................................................22
Onderzoekstromingen................................................................................................................................. 22
Begrippen LP4.............................................................................................................................................. 23
,
Inhoudsopgave
EBP Evidence Based Practice.......................................................................................................................... 4
Kritisch denken......................................................................................................................................................4
4 componenten EBP..............................................................................................................................................4
Werkingsmechanisme.....................................................................................................................................4
Vijf stappen EBP....................................................................................................................................................5
Achtergrondkennis..........................................................................................................................................5
Voorgrondkennis.............................................................................................................................................5
Klinische onzekerheid......................................................................................................................................5
3 informatiebronnen.............................................................................................................................................5
3 vragen wetenschappelijke kennis in klinische redeneringen gebruiken............................................................6
Evidence-based richtlijn...................................................................................................................................6
CAT (Critical Appraised Topic)........................................................................................................................ 6
Beantwoordbare vraag....................................................................................................................................6
PICO......................................................................................................................................................................6
Empirische cyclus........................................................................................................................................... 7
5 stappen empirische cyclus.................................................................................................................................7
Empirische cyclus herkenbaar in wetenschappelijk artikel..................................................................................7
IMRaD...................................................................................................................................................................7
Hiërarchie van kennis..................................................................................................................................... 8
Kwantitatief onderzoek en kwalitatief onderzoek................................................................................................8
Fundamenteel vs praktijkgericht..........................................................................................................................8
Oorspronkelijke studie..........................................................................................................................................8
Designs..................................................................................................................................................................8
Cross sectioneel vs longitudinaal.....................................................................................................................8
Retrospectief vs prospectief............................................................................................................................9
Observationeel vs experimenteel....................................................................................................................9
Observationele designs.........................................................................................................................................9
Experimentele designs........................................................................................................................................10
RCT Randomised Controlled Trial..................................................................................................................10
CCT Controlled Clinical Trial...........................................................................................................................10
Samenvattende designs......................................................................................................................................11
Systematische review....................................................................................................................................11
Meta-analyse.................................................................................................................................................11
Niet-wetenschappelijke designs.........................................................................................................................11
Case report....................................................................................................................................................11
Synopsis.........................................................................................................................................................12
Synthese.........................................................................................................................................................12
,Validiteit...................................................................................................................................................... 12
Interne validiteit.................................................................................................................................................13
Confounding..................................................................................................................................................13
Bias.....................................................................................................................................................................13
Information bias (bij een RCT, cohort- of patiëntcontroleonderzoek)..........................................................13
Information bias (bij een SR).........................................................................................................................13
Externe validiteit.................................................................................................................................................15
Generaliseerbaarheid (externe validiteit).....................................................................................................15
Betrouwbaarheid................................................................................................................................................15
Heterogeniteit............................................................................................................................................. 16
Klinische heterogeniteit.................................................................................................................................16
Statische heterogeniteit (bij een meta-analyse)...........................................................................................16
Klinische homogeniteit..................................................................................................................................16
Pooling...........................................................................................................................................................17
Statische significantie....................................................................................................................................17
I2....................................................................................................................................................................17
I<sup>2</sup>...............................................................................................................................................17
Forest plot......................................................................................................................................................17
Risicomaten................................................................................................................................................. 17
RR (Risk Ratio).....................................................................................................................................................18
Effectmaat......................................................................................................................................................18
P-waarde........................................................................................................................................................18
Risicoverschil (Risk Difference)...........................................................................................................................18
Odds ratio (OR)...................................................................................................................................................19
NNT (Numbers needed to treat).........................................................................................................................19
Data-extractie................................................................................................................................................19
Mean..............................................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek.......................................................................................................... 20
Kwantitatief onderzoek......................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief onderzoek.........................................................................................................................................20
Kwalitatief onderzoek....................................................................................................................................21
Kwantitatieve bevraging................................................................................................................................22
Onderzoekstromingen................................................................................................................................. 22
Begrippen LP4.............................................................................................................................................. 23
,