Test-Bank-for-Essentials-of-Understanding-Psychology-11th-Edition-by-Feldman

Test-Bank-for-Essentials-ofUnderstanding-Psychology-11thEdition-by-Feldman Chapter 01 Introduction to Psychology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Psychology is defined as the: A. intuition-based approach to study human behavior. B. speculative method to find answers about human cognition. C. study of mental disorders and their treatment. D.2. scientific study of behavior and mental processes. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Define psychology Learning Outcome: 1-1 Topic: Definition of Psychology Akira has declared psychology as his major. He will be studying: A. internal medicine. B. behavior and mental processes. C. mental disorders and their diagnosis and treatment. D. the disorders of the central nervous system. APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Define psychology Learning Outcome: 1-1 Topic: Definition of Psychology A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because: 3. A. it is very difficult to study the mind and behavior scientifically. B. psychology is a narrower, more specific field than a general definition might suggest. C. psychologists disagree on how broad psychology should really be. D. the discipline of psychology really has no core or center. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Define psychology Learning Outcome: 1-1 Topic: Definition of Psychology Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology? A. Obfu scation B. Descr iption C.4. Prediction D. Explanation APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Define psychology Learning Outcome: 1-1 Topic: Definition of Psychology In order to study mind and behavior, psychologists: A. rely on the scientific method. B. use their intuition. C. rely on the study of internal medicine. D. use speculation. APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation5. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Define psychology Learning Outcome: 1-1 Topic: Definition of Psychology In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related? A. They allow psychologists to explain different types of behavior in the same way. B. They ultimately share a common goal. C. They always lead to an M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) degree. D. They are not related at all other than being considered part of psychology. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Dr. Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis. Dr. Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____ subfield of psychology. A. cognitive6. B. experimental C. developmental D. behavioral neuroscience APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world? A. Behavioral neuroscience B. Developmental psychology C. Experimental psychology D.7. Health psychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Why is the term experimental psychologist considered somewhat misleading? A. Psychologists in every subfield use the experimental method. B. The term is no longer in existence. C. Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study. D. Experimental methods are only appropriate to the study of the biological bases of behavior. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description? 8. A. Behavioral neuroscience: examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior B. Cognitive: examines how people grow and change from conception through death C. Experimental: examines the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking D. Clinical: deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic? A. Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health B. Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder C. 9. Cognitive psychology: the influence of an event on people's thinking D. Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology How are cognitive and experimental psychology related? A. They are the same. B. They are two completely distinct subfields of psychology. C. Cognitive psychology is part of experimental psychology. D. Experimental psychology is part of cognitive psychology. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium10. Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology _____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and language. A. Devel opmental B. Perso nality C. Clinic al D. Cognitive APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Developmental psychology: A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems.11. B. studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death. C. focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and language. D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders. APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Personality psychology: A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems. B. focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another. C. focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problem solving, judging, decision making, and language.12. D. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Dr. Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood. Dr. Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another. Dr. Chen is a(n) _____ psychologist; Dr. Doherty is a _____. A. experimental psychologist; cognitive psychologist B. health psychologist; clinical psychologist C. developmental psychologist; personality psychologist D. clinical psychologist; counseling psychologist APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-213. Topic: Subfields of Psychology Dr. Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years. Dr. Ebrahim is a(n) _____ psychologist. A. clinical B. evolutionary C. experimental D. developmental APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology At a conference on terrorism research, a panel of psychologists is discussing suicide bombers. Dr. Gerami outlines the role of charismatic leaders in encouraging the actions of suicide bombers. Dr. Hespeler argues that sometimes suicide bombing may be seen as a rational response to a particular system of beliefs. Finally, Dr. Islington reviews the internal traits associated with suicide bombing. Which of the following alternatives BEST identifies the subfields in which each of these psychologists probably specializes? A. Dr. Gerami: personality psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: social psychology14. B. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: personality psychology; Dr. Islington: cross-cultural psychology C. Dr. Gerami: social psychology; Dr. Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Islington: personality psychology D. Dr. Gerami: cross-cultural psychology; Dr. Hespeler: experimental psychology; Dr. Islington: personality psychology APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Enterprise City has been hard hit by a recent economic downturn. Local psychologists are holding a public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity. Dr. Kurutz is outlining strategies to help adults who have been laid off avoid overeating and the use of drugs or alcohol. Dr. Kurutz is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. A. experimental B. cross-cultural C. social15. D. health APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease? A. Developmental psychology B. Health psychology C. Perceptual psychology D. Clinical neuropsychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology16. How do clinical and counseling psychology differ? A. Clinical psychology requires more advanced study than does counseling psychology. B. Clinical psychologists have a PhD or an MD degree, whereas counseling psychologists have a PsyD degree. C. Counseling psychologists deal with problems that are more specific than the problems that clinical psychologists deal with. D. Clinical and counseling psychology are synonymous. APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 4.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Fiona helps students with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) develop effective study regimens and strategies. Fiona is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. A. health17. B. experi mental C. develo pmental D. counseling APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 4.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Counseling psychologists are more likely than clinical psychologists to practice in: A. hospitals. B. laboratories. C. offices. D. 18. colleges. APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 4.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Dr. Growe is reading about a research study in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity of group members. Dr. Growe is most likely reading the Journal of _____ Psychology. A. Devel opmental B. Social C. Coun seling D. Evolutionary APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Social psychology:19. A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems. B. deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders. C. investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups. D. is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology _____ psychologists concentrate on diverse topics such as human aggression, liking and loving, persuasion, and conformity. A. Couns eling B. Social C. Evolu tionary20. D. Clinical APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Which of the following is NOT one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree? A. Counseling psychology B. Behavioral genetics C. Evolutionary psychology D. Clinical neuropsychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology21. Evolutionary psychologists are especially interested in: A. how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors. B. how physical characteristics have a genetic basis. C. how thought and behavior are influenced by the structure of the brain. D. how personality traits and social behavior vary across cultures. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Charles Darwin's book On the Origin of Species was published in _____. A. 1 529 B. 1 73922. C. 1 859 D. 1939 APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology In what way, if any, do evolutionary psychologists go beyond Darwin's arguments? A. They suggest that culture influences the nature of behavioral and mental processes. B. They argue that our genetic heritage influences our physical characteristics. C. They argue that our genetic inheritance determines aspects of our personality and social behavior. D. They do not go beyond Darwin's original arguments. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation23. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino both study obesity. Dr. Lin relates the likelihood of obesity to levels of the trait of neuroticism, the tendency to experience upsetting emotions. Dr. Marino relates obesity to the frequency with which individuals eat alone, with family members, or in the presence of larger groups of friends, acquaintances, or strangers. Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE regarding the subfields in which the researchers specialize? A. Dr. Marino is a social psychologist. B. Dr. Lin is a social psychologist. C. Dr. Marino is a personality psychologist. D. Dr. Lin is a behavioral psychologist. APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Central State University's Department of Psychology is considering expanding its doctoral program to include an additional specialty. The department wants to focus on a "growth" area likely to attract federal research funding as well as up-24. andcoming new faculty and bright, passionate graduate students. Which of the following specialties should the department consider most closely? A. Developmental psychology B. Evolutionary psychology C. Perceptual psychology D. Clinical neuropsychology APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology What might be the most controversial aspect of the evolutionary psychology position? A. They hold the notion that our evolutionary heritage influences our physical characteristics. B. They promote the idea that our evolutionary heritage might influence aspects of our behavioral and mental processes.25. C. Evolutionary psychologists downplay the influence of biological inheritance on thought and behavior. D. Evolutionary psychologists minimize the role of environmental and social forces. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Which of the following areas of psychology focuses on the biological mechanisms that enable inherited behavior to unfold? A. Clinical neuropsychology B. Behavioral genetics C. Cognitive psychology D. Experimental psychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation26. Bloom's Taxonomy: Recall Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Which of the following areas is CORRECTLY matched with its description? A. Evolutionary psychology: focuses on the biological mechanisms enabling inherited behavior to unfold B. Behavioral genetics: considers how our behavior is influenced by our genetic heritage from our ancestors C. Clinical neuropsychology: focuses on the biological origin of psychological disorders D. Cross-cultural psychology: examines the genetic basis of behavioral disorders APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Evolutionary Psychology Dr. Hart investigates how depressive disorders are related to levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Dr. Hart's research falls within the field of: A. clinical neuropsychology.27. B. behavioral genetics. C. cognitive psychology. D. experimental psychology. APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Clinical neuropsychology: A. focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems. B. considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors. C. seeks to understand how we might inherit certain behavioral traits. D. 28. focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biological factors. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Topic: Subfields of Psychology Beatriz has just received her doctoral degree in psychology. All else being equal, in which of the following settings is she most likely to find employment? A. A college/university B. T he military C. A hospital D. A large business corporation APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Identify areas of specialization and careers in psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology29. The local state university has opened a new center devoted to the study and treatment of obesity, a major public health problem in the area. Dr. Nolan is researching the potential of a drug that influences the activity of hunger centers in the brain's hypothalamus. Dr. Osterman attempts to uncover the unconscious conflicts that may spur compulsive eating. Which of the following statements best describes the orientations of these two psychologists? A. Dr. Nolan is a clinical neuropsychologist; Dr. Osterman is a psychodynamic psychologist. B. Dr. Nolan is a clinical neuropsychologist; Dr. Osterman is a counseling psychologist. C. Dr. Nolan is a social psychologist; Dr. Osterman is a humanistic psychologist. D. Dr. Nolan is a behavioral psychologist; Dr. Osterman is a psychodynamic psychologist. APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Identify areas of specialization and careers in psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-2 Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Profession of Psychology Approximately how many psychologists are there in the United States? A. 5 0,00030. B. 1 00,000 C. 3 00,000 D. 600,000 APA LO: 2.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Identify areas of specialization and careers in psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Currently, women earn _____ of new psychology doctorate degrees in the United States. A. one-tenth B. half C. three-fourth D. ninety percent31. APA LO: 5.5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Identify areas of specialization and careers in psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Which figure best approximates the percentage of American psychologists who belong to racial minority groups? A. 6% B. 15% C. 25% D. 32% APA LO: 5.5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Identify areas of specialization and careers in psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Which of the following statements concerning the representation of racial and ethnic minorities among American psychologists is TRUE? A. 32. The number of minority members entering the field is about the same as it was 10 years ago. B. The number of minority members entering the field is higher than it was 10 years ago. C. The increase in the number of degrees awarded to minority members has outpaced the growth of the minority population. D. The number of minority members entering the field has decreased over the years. APA LO: 5.5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Today, around _____% of new master's degrees and _____% of new doctorate degrees are awarded to people of color. A. 5 0; 15 B. 2 0; 16 C. 3 2; 833. D. 50; 25 APA LO: 5.5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology How is the diversity of psychology limited in the United States? A. Racial and ethnic minorities are underrepresented among psychologists. B. The majority of psychologists are male. C. Psychologists in the United States far outnumber those in all other countries combined. D. Most research is conducted outside the United States. APA LO: 5.5 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology34. Which of the following individuals is LEAST likely to be a psychologist? A. Dionne, who holds a PhD degree B. Everett, who has an MD degree C. Fallon, who graduated with a PsyD degree D. Melinda who has written a dissertation on drug abuse and is now teaching at a university APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the difference between the PhD and the PsyD degrees? A. A PhD requires more years of study than a PsyD. B. A PhD requires a dissertation based on an original investigation.35. C. Fewer people earn a PhD than a PsyD. D. A PhD is obtained by psychologists who wish to focus exclusively on the treatment of psychological disorders. APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Callie works in the field of psychology. All else being equal, there is about a _____chance that her highest degree is a master's degree. A. one-fifth B. one-fourth C. one-third D. one-sixth APA LO: 2.236. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Kristen is a psychology major. Immediately following graduation, she will most likely: A. join the workforce. B. feel that her job is unrelated to her psychology background. C. continue to graduate school. D. remain unemployed. APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology Psychology majors are highly valued by employers because they can: A. 37. strategize effectively. B. think critically. C. help other workers with their personal problems. D. communicate effectively with their co-workers. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology The most common employment sector for students graduating with a bachelor's degree in psychology is _____. A. edu cation B. bus iness C. the local government38. D. social services APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 1-3 Topic: Profession of Psychology The field of phrenology is associated with: A. Gall. B. Wundt. C. Descartes. D. Ebbinghaus. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Profession of Psychology39. _____ believed that children were born into the world with minds like "blank slates" and that their experiences determined what kind of adults they would become. A. Locke B. Plato C. Wundt D. Descartes APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism The phrase tabula rasa may be translated as: A. red tablet. B. raised table.40. C. new table. D. blank slate. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism The formal beginning of psychology is associated with: A. Wundt. B. James. C. Descartes. D. Ebbinghaus. APA LO: 1.241. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Which of the following locations is associated with the formal beginning of psychology? A. C hina B. G ermany C. S pain D. England APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: History of Psychology Wundt began operating the first psychology lab in _____. A. 1 45942. B. 1 739 C. 1 879 D. 1902 APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: History of Psychology It is the year 2029. At the American Psychological Association's annual conference, a special keynote address commemorates the 150th anniversary of a historic event in psychology's early days. Which of the following is the event celebrated in the address? A. Wundt's operation of the first psychology laboratory B. Charles Darwin's publication of the On the Origin of Species C. G. S. Hall's founding of the American Psychological Association D.43. Pavlov's discovery of classical conditioning APA LO: 1.2 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: History of Psychology Dr. Leleux asserts that psychologists should attempt to identify the fundamental attributes of mental experience. Dr. Leleux appears most sympathetic to the _____ perspective in psychology. A. functionalist B. prescriptive C. structuralist D. humanistic APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Perspectives in Psychology44. _____ is a procedure used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when they are exposed to a stimulus. A. Inner perception B. Introspection C. Internal observation D. Intervention APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Lassandra takes a sip of cola. "Sweet...cold, wet, tingly...slightly bitter," she reports. Lassandra is: A. introspecting. B. demonstrating functionalism.45. C. defining umami. D. taking an intelligence test. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Which of the following was a disadvantage of introspection? A. Introspection was a complicated process. B. Introspection was time consuming. C. Introspection was too simplistic. D. Introspection was not truly scientific. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation46. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Which of the following statements is TRUE of the structuralist perspective of psychology? A. The structuralist perspective was supplanted by other views. B. The structuralist perspective triumphed over alternative ones. C. The structuralist perspective continues to coexist with other views in psychology. D. The structuralist perspective has waned somewhat, but it still remains influential today. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Which perspective most immediately replaced structuralism in the early days of scientific psychology? A. Behavi orism47. B. Human ism C. Functio nalism D. Gestalt psychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism _____ is an early approach to psychology that concentrated on what the mind does and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments. A. Structur alism B. Functio nalism C. Introsp ection D. 48. Gestalt psychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism A time travel mishap lands you at one of the first psychology conferences ever held, sometime at the dawn of the 20th century. The graying older scientists slowly losing their grip on the field are most likely _____, whereas the passionate young up-and-comers are probably _____. A. structuralists; functionalists B. functionalists; developmentalists C. humanists; structuralists D. humanists; functionalists APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism49. In the context of the psychology of emotion, William James and John Dewey would be most interested in: A. the contribution of unconscious memories to one's emotional experience. B. the basic nature of an emotional feeling or experience. C. how behavior aids one's adaptation to the environment. D. the organization of perception and thinking in a "whole" sense. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism Which of the following psychologists is associated with functionalism? A. Willia m James B. Max Wertheimer50. C. Hermann Ebbinghaus D. Wilhelm Wundt APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism Gestalt psychology may be seen as a reaction to _____. A. the psychodynamic perspective B. humanism C. functionalism D. structuralism APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation51. Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Structuralism Which of the following approaches to psychology might have been most likely to remind the audience that "the whole is different than the sum of the parts"? A. Phrenol ogy B. Functio nalism C. Structu ralism D. Gestalt psychology APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism The Gestalt psychologists made substantial contribution to our understanding of: A. me mory.52. B. perc eption. C. emo tion. D. moti vation. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism Which perspective below is CORRECTLY matched with its description? A. Structuralism: emphasized what the mind does B. Functionalism: emphasized the elements of mental experience C. Humanism: emphasized the unconscious determinants of behavior D. Gestalt psychology: emphasized the organization of perception53. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism Donna-Lynn is preparing a visual display of psychology's early history. One panel is headed "The Gay '90s." It portrays developments in the 1890s. Another panel is titled "The Roaring '20s." It is devoted to the 1920s. Which theoretical perspectives in psychology should appear in each of these panels? A. Gay '90s: functionalism; Roaring '20s: Gestalt psychology B. Gay '90s: behaviorism; Roaring '20s: structuralism C. Gay '90s: functionalism; Roaring '20s: behaviorism D. Gay '90s: Gestalt psychology; Roaring '20s: structuralism APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-1 Topic: Functionalism Which of the following figures best approximates the number of major perspectives in psychology?54. A. O ne or two B. A bout five C. A dozen or so D. As many as there are psychologists APA LO: 1.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Perspectives in Psychology The approach that views behavior from the perspective of the brain, the nervous system, and other biological functions is known as the _____ perspective. A. psychodynamic B. natur e-nurture55. C. cognit ive D. neuroscience APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Neuroscience Perspective The neuroscience perspective: A. suggests that all individuals naturally strive to grow, develop, and be in control of their lives and behavior. B. focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world. C. considers how people and nonhumans function biologically. D. argues that behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control. APA LO: 1.156. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Neuroscience Perspective Which contemporary perspective is CORRECTLY matched with its description? A. Psychodynamic perspective: emphasizes the automatic response of an individual to environmental stimuli B. Humanistic perspective: emphasizes how people know, understand, and think about the world C. Behavioral perspective: emphasizes observable behavior and objectivity D. Neuroscience perspective: emphasizes that behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Behavioral Perspective Noreen asserts that our behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control. This viewpoint is most consistent with the _____ perspective in psychology.57. A. psychodynamic B. humanistic C. cognitive D. neuroscience APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Psychodynamic Perspective To many people who have never taken a psychology course, psychology begins and ends with the _____ perspective. A. neuroscience B. behavioral C. cogniti ve58. D. psycho dynamic APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Psychodynamic Perspective Contributions of the psychodynamic perspective include all of the following EXCEPT: A. a way to understand and treat certain types of psychological disorders. B. a way to understand such phenomena as prejudice and aggression. C. a revolutionary effect on 20th-century thinking not only in psychology but in related fields as well. D. a way to look at behavior in a more concrete, objective fashion. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Psychodynamic Perspective59. Penny is a recovering drug addict. Her treatment program emphasizes the influence of her environment—"people, places, and things"—on her use of her drug of choice. Her program reflects the _____ perspective in psychology. A. psychodynamic B. behavioral C. cognitive D. neuroscience APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Behavioral Perspective Which of the following psychologists is associated with the behavioral perspective? A. R ogers B. Sk inner60. C. M aslow D. Hollingworth APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Behavioral Perspective Dr. Greenway argues that psychology should focus on observable, measurable behavior. Dr. Cech suggests that psychology should study how people think about and understand the world. Which option below CORRECTLY identifies their respective perspectives? A. Dr. Greenway—behavioral perspective; Dr. Cech—cognitive perspective B. Dr. Greenway—cognitive perspective; Dr. Cech—behavioral perspective C. Dr. Greenway—behavioral perspective; Dr. Cech—humanistic perspective D. Dr. Greenway—psychodynamic perspective; Dr. Cech—humanistic perspective61. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Behavioral Perspective Which psychologist is INCORRECTLY matched with an associated perspective? A. Abraham Maslow: humanistic B. Sigmund Freud: psychodynamic C. Karen Horney: cognitive D. B.F. Skinner: behavioral APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Cognitive Perspective The computer metaphor is at the heart of the _____ perspective. A. cognitive62. B. neuroscience C. beha vioral D. hum anistic APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Cognitive Perspective The cognitive perspective is said to have evolved in part from the _____ perspective in early psychology and to represent a reaction to _____. A. structuralist; humanism B. structuralist; behaviorism C. humanist; behaviorism D. 63. humanist; functionalism APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Describe the history and early foundations of psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Cognitive Perspective Driving to work one day, Owen suspects that drivers talking on their cell phones pay less attention to the road than do other drivers. This hypothesis would most likely be tested by a _____ psychologist. A. behavioral B. humanistic C. cognitive D. psychodynamic APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 1.3 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Cognitive Perspective64. The humanistic perspective rejects the view that behavior reflects biological forces, unconscious processes, or the environment. In other words, it rejects the _____, _____, and _____ perspectives, respectively. A. cognitive; psychodynamic; behavioral B. neuroscience; cognitive; behavioral C. cognitive; psychodynamic; neuroscience D. neuroscience; psychodynamic; behavioral APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Neuroscience Perspective The emphasis of the humanistic perspective is on: A. free will. B. environmental determinism.65. C. natural selection. D. unconscious motives. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Free will stands in contrast to _____. A. naturism B. unconscious motives C. determinism D. natural selection APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy66. Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Cognitive Perspective Dr. Petrovic tries to help his clients see how their behavior reflects choices they have made. He is most likely a _____ therapist. A. psychodynamic B. clinical neuroscience C. humanistic D. gestalt APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 4.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 2-2 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Psychologists adhering to the _____ perspective are probably the LEAST likely to take a "nature" stance on the nature vs. nurture issue. A. behaviorist67. B. cognitive C. neuroscience D. evolutionary APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Which of the following perspectives of psychology emphasizes observable responses? A. Beha vioral B. Cogni tive C. Neur oscience D. Psychodynamic68. APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Recall Watson's quote: "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select—doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations and race of his ancestors." If 1 = extreme nature and 10 = extreme nurture, where would you place Watson on the nature vs. nurture issue? A. 1 or 2 B. 3 or 4 C. 5 or 6 D. 9 or 10 APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Name and summarize the key characteristics of the major approaches to psychology. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective69. Dr. Quinones studies the achievement motivation of junior high school students. He asserts that such motivation mainly reflects the parenting and educational practices the students have experienced. This statement is most directly related to the _____ issue; Dr. Quinones' position is toward the _____ end of the continuum. A. nature vs. nurture; nature B. nature vs. nurture; nurture C. observable behavior vs. internal mental processes; observable behavior D. observable behavior vs. internal mental processes; internal mental processes APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Dr. Reynolds believes that depression reflects aspects of a patient's early relationship with her parents of which she may be completely unaware. Dr. Smith, by contrast, argues that depression stems from a patient's negative self-talk. The two psychologists appear to disagree on the _____ issue. A. nature vs. nurture70. B. conscious vs. unconscious causes C. free will vs. determinism D. structuralism vs. functionalism APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective _____ is the idea that people's behavior is produced primarily by factors outside of their willful control. A. Natur ism B. Vigila ntism C. Deter minism D. 71. Factualism APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Individual differences are to universal principles what the _____ perspective is to the _____ perspective. A. neuroscience; humanistic B. cognitive; behavioral C. humanistic; neuroscience D. behavioral; cognitive APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Humanistic Perspective Which of the following is NOT a likely trend in psychology's near future?72. A. Psychology will become increasingly specialized. B. Neuroscientific approaches will have an increasing influence on psychology. C. Psychology will become an increasingly unified discipline. D. Diversity will assume increasing importance in psychology. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: List the key issues for psychology and be able to identify statements that represent each issue. Learning Outcome: 2-4 Topic: Psychology's Future Pablo is taking part in a psychology experiment. He watches two political campaign ads—one highlighting the candidate's positive attributes and another emphasizing the opponent's negative features. During each ad, Pablo's brain is scanned. This experiment is most likely conducted by a _____ neuroscientist. A. clinical B. social73. C. behavioral D. counseling APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Discuss the development of psychology through the twentieth century and today. Learning Outcome: 2-4 Topic: Key Issues and Controversies The approach used by psychologists to systematically acquire knowledge and understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest is called: A. the trial and error method. B. the informed speculation method. C. the scientific method. D. the educated guessing method. APA LO: 1.174. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method? A. Formulating an explanation B. Identifying questions of interest C. Communicating the findings D. Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method After identifying the question of interest, which is the next step in the scientific method? A. Formulating an explanation75. B. Evaluating the findings C. Communicating the findings D. Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method Which of the following sequences correctly arranges the steps in the scientific method from first to last? A. Identify problem formulate explanation carry out research communicate findings B. Carry out research formulate explanation identify problem communicate findings C. Identify problem carry out research formulate explanation communicate findings D. Carry out research identify problem formulate explanation communicate findings76. APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method Frederico is presenting the outcomes of an experiment he conducted in a talk at a regional psychology conference. Frederico is engaged in the _____ step of the scientific method, namely _____. A. first; communicating results B. first; formulating an explanation C. last; communicating results D. last; formulating an explanation APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method The development of a hypothesis occurs in which of the following steps of a scientific method?77. A. Formulating an explanation B. Identifying questions of interest C. Communicating the findings D. Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 1.2 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method Collection and analysis of data is done in which of the following steps of the scientific method? A. Formulating an explanation B. Identifying questions of interest C.78. Communicating the findings D. Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method Which of the following is the final step in the scientific method? A. Formulating an explanation B. Identifying questions of interest C. Communicating the findings D. Carrying out research designed to support or refute the explanation APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy79. Learning Objective: Outline the steps of the scientific method. Learning Outcome: 3-1 Topic: Scientific Method _____ are broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest. A. Theories B. Hypotheses C. Operational definitions D. Suppositions APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Theories Andrea is reading a general, comprehensive account of human aggression in the introduction to a research report in psychology. Andrea is reading a(n): A. theory. B.80. hypothesis. C. operational definition. D. supposition. APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Theories Regarding theories, which of the following statements is true? A. Theories vary in their breadth. B. Theories are translations of hypotheses into specific procedures. C. Theories stem from hypotheses. D. Theories are predictions stated in a way that allow them to be tested.81. APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Theories As compared to the theories about human behavior we all develop in daily life, those formulated by psychologists are: A. more general. B. broader. C. more complex. D. more formal. APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 2.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Theories According to Bibb Latane and John Darley's theory of _____, the greater the number of bystanders or witnesses to an event that calls for helping behavior, the more the responsibility for helping is perceived to be shared by all the bystanders.82. A. diffusion of responsibility B. command responsibility C. social responsibility D. collective responsibility APA LO: 1.1 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Theories "People with opposite personality traits are more likely to be attracted to each other." This is a(n): A. hypothesis. B. correlation. C.83. theory. D. operational definition. APA LO: 2.1 APA LO: 2.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Hypotheses A hypothesis is best defined as a: A. prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested. B. specification of a variable in terms of the procedures that will be used to measure it. C. broad, general explanation of the phenomenon of interest. D. behavior, event, or other characteristic that can assume different values. APA LO: 2.1 APA LO: 2.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation84. Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Hypotheses When asked to define "popularity," Brianna offers, "It's when everyone likes you." Chrissy suggests, "It's basically the number of friends you have." How do the two girls' definitions differ? A. Chrissy's is a procedural definition; Brianna's is not. B. Brianna's is an operational definition; Chrissy's is not. C. Brianna's is a procedural definition; Chrissy's is not. D. Chrissy's is an operational definition; Brianna's is not. APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 2.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Hypotheses Which of the following is an operational definition of happiness? A. An individual's feeling of joy85. B. An individual's sense of achievement and spirituality C. An individual's self-rating on a 10-point happiness scale D. An individual's feeling of contentment APA LO: 1.3 APA LO: 2.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Hypotheses Regarding operational definitions, which of the following statements is most accurate? A. For a given hypothesis, there are usually two operational definitions. B. For a given hypothesis, there is a single best operational definition. C. For a given hypothesis, many operational definitions are usually possible. D.86. Some hypotheses cannot be translated into operational definitions. APA LO: 1.1 APA LO: 2.4 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: Distinguish between theory and hypothesis. Learning Outcome: 3-2 Topic: Hypotheses Which of the following statements best expresses the rela