PSYC 3003 MIDTERM EXAM WITH ANSWERS ( LATEST UPDATE )

Before a study begins, when differences exist between the kinds of individuals in one group of an experiment and those in another, there is a potential threat to internal validity called Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. selecti on. d. selecti on. A limitation of program evaluation research is its Selected Answer: Correct Answer: b. lack of random assignment to conditions. b. lack of random assignment to conditions. In comparison to the single-group before-after design, the comparison-group before-after design Selected Answer: Correct Answer: c. helps control for threats caused by history. c. helps control for threats caused by history. Which of the following three approaches are used to reduce the amount of data that needs to be recorded in naturalistic observation? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. Time, individual, and event sampling d. Time, individual, and event sampling In a study involving altruism in restaurants, Elena focused only on the helping behaviors that each restaurant employee demonstrated (and not on any other types of behaviors). This is an example of which of the following sampling methods? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: a. Eve nt a. Eve nt Which of the following is an example of a single-group research design? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. A group of patients who are spending time in a mental health facility are interviewed. d. A group of patients who are spending time in a mental health facility are interviewed. Helen and her team of observers were hired by a corporation to examine work productivity. Each observer focused on a single worker for a period of 30 minutes before moving on to observe another worker. This is an example of which of the following sampling methods? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. Tim e d. Tim e Buchanan, Tranel, and Kirschbaum (2009) compared three groups of participants, one of which had damage to the hippocampus, one that had similar brain damage but not to the hippocampus, and a control group of participants. The researchers assessed responses of the three groups both before and after they were exposed to stress. The hippocampus group showed less change in cortisol response to stress than the other two groups. What research design was used in this research? Selected Answer: c. Comparison-group before-after. Correct Answer: c. Comparison-group before-after. Which of the following is least likely to be a threat to validity in a single-group before- after design? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. Selecti on d. Selecti on Case studies are frequently based on a descriptive record of Selected Answer: Correct Answer: d. one or two individuals who have abnormal experiences. d. one or two individuals who have abnormal experiences. Quasi experimental designs are usually analyzed using Selected Answer: Correct Answer: a. ANOVA. a. ANOVA. Which of the following observational research methods is most likely to create ethical problems? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: c. Unacknowledged experimenter b. Unacknowledged participant