TEST BANK FOR GENETICS AND GENOMICS IN NURSING AND HEALTH CARE 2ND EDITION BY BEERY Chapter 1

Chapter 1: DNA Structure and Function Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. A. 1. In which body or cell area are most genes in humans located? A. Nucleus B. Mitochondrion C. Cytoplasm D. Plasma membrane A. 2. Which condition or statement exemplifies the concept of genomics rather than genetics? A. The gene for insulin is located on chromosome 11 in all people. B. Expression of any single gene is dependent on inheriting two alleles. C. Sex-linked recessive disorders affect males more often than females. D. One allele for each gene is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the father. A. 3. What is the purpose of phosphorous in a DNA strand? A. Linking the nucleotides into a strand B. Holding complementary strands together C. Ensuring that a purine is always paired with a pyrimidine D. Preventing the separation of double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA A. 4. What is the term used to define alternative forms of a gene that may result in different expression of the trait coded for by that gene? A. Alleles B. Bases C. Centromeres D. Diploids D. 5. What percentage of bases in a stretch of double-stranded DNA that contains 30% guanine (G) bases would be adenine (A)? A. 70% B. 60% C. 30% D. 20% C. 6. What is the term used to describe the organized picture of the paired chromosomes within a cell used to determine whether chromosome numbers, structures, and banding patterns are normal? A. Pedigree B. Phenotype C. Karyotype D. Autotype D. 7. What would be the sequence of DNA that is complementary to a DNA section with the base sequence of GGTCAATCCTTAG? A. GATTCCTAACTGG B. TTGACCGAAGGCT C. AACTGGCTTCCGA D. CCAGTTAGGAATC This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :47:17 GMT -05:00 B. 8. Which of these complementary base pairs form the strongest or “tightest” association? A. Adenine and thymine B. Cytosine and guanine C. Guanine and thymine D. Cytosine and adenine A 9. What activity occurs during M phase of the cell cycle? A. The cell undergoes cytokinesis. B. Activity stops, and the cell “sleeps.” C. All DNA is completely replicated. D. The cell greatly increases protein synthesis. B. 10. Which chromosome number represents the euploid state for normal human somatic cells? A. 44 B. 46 C. 47 D. 48 A. 11. How does the proteome differ from the genome? A. The proteome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals. B. The genome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals. C. The proteome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the genome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells. D. The genome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the proteome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells. C. 12. What is the most outstanding feature of a mature haploid cell? A. It is usually homozygous. B. The sex chromosomes are missing. C. Only one chromosome of each pair is present. D. DNA synthesis occurs after mitosis instead of before. D. 13. At what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes visible as separate structures? A. G1 B. G2 C. S D. M B. 14. Which statement about the cell cycle phase of G0 is true? A. Hyperplastic growth in place of hypertrophic growth B. Performance of specific differentiated functions C. Initiation and completion of nucleokinesis D. Replication of DNA B. 15. What is the result of normal DNA replication? A. Formation of two new daughter cells B. Formation of two identical sets of DNA C. Disappearance of the original parent cell D. Activation and attachment of spindle fibers This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :47:17 GMT -05:00 A. 16. Which statement regarding chromosome structure or function is true? A. The chromatids of any single chromosome are known as “sister chromatids.” B. The genes located on the telomeres of chromosomes are identical to the genes in the centromeres. C. Immediately before the mitosis phase of cell division, the chromosomes of all somatic cells are haploid. D. A specific gene allele on one chromosome has a complementary allele on the other chromosome of a pair. C. 17. Why does a person with normal chromosomes only have two alleles for any single gene trait? A. A minimum of two alleles is required for the expression of monogenic traits. B. When a dominant allele is paired with a recessive allele, only the dominant allele is expressed, and the recessive allele is silent. C. One allele for the monogenic