NURS 6052 Week 1 Quiz - Question and Answers (VERIFIED)

1. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following? 2. A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells? 3. Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: 4. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? 5. A 13-year-old girl has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present. What medical diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart? 6. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: 7. When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene. 8. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of fluid movement is the nurse describing? 9. A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? 10. A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of: 11. What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases? 12. A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with: 13. Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? 14. Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males? 15. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? 16. The student is reviewing functions of the cell. The student would be correct in identifying the primary function of the nerve cell as: 17. A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes how glucose is transported from the blood to the cell. What type of transport system should the nurse discuss with the patient? 18. After a geneticist talks to the patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means. How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s). 19. A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process? 20. The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in: 21. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? 22. A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? 23. What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? 24. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? 25. A cell is isolated, and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is –70 millivolts. The predominant intracellular ion is Na+, and the predominant extracellular ion is K+. With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?