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IGCSE Biology Notes, Ecology and Ecosystems topic

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IGCSE Biology Notes, Ecology and Ecosystems topic

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Institution
Secondary school
Course
School year
5

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Uploaded on
July 11, 2021
Number of pages
3
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Interview
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-✓ weary - are -
evergreens



Principal source of energy ecology
the refers to scope of
- '



of
sun the
study all
organisms and its

environment

food chain ecosystem
the which shows the flow of energy from
diagram a unit system containing all its organisms and its
• •



one or


organism to the next environment interacting with one another

>
primary tertiary habitat
'




producer >
secondary >



a part of the whole environment which particular species
-



consumer consumer consumer a


inefficient to have too Survives carries out living processes
-



10% and
many consumers as
only
energy is transferred final ,
consumer would not have enough species
energy to sustain itself and will have to consume more
,
'

refers to a group of organisms that have the same features
inefficient use of energy who can produce fertile offspring
arrows

-


shows the direction of energy from one organism or pyramid of energy
trophic level to the next

food web 0.1%
tertiary
the build up of more branches to food chain , 1%
-




a
secondary
10%
Showing the overall energy flow of the habitat primary
100%
producer
trophic levels '




compares the total
energy each trophic level receives

refers to the position of an organism in food chain web
-



a ,




or
pyramid of numbers, biomass or
energy
pyramid of biomass
producers eagle
'




organism that synthesizes its own nutrients Fox
Consumer rabbit

organism that feeds other consumers



on grass
herbivore the total biomass of each trophic
'




compares level

organism that feeds



on
producers
carnivore Pyramid of numbers
organism that feeds other animals woodpecker



on


decompose vs insect

organism that feeds waste matter tree



on dead or

the total number of organisms of each trophic
'




plants > animals compares level
-


its efficient for people to eat plants than animals
more
-




only few vegetables for one meal decomposition
-



but need to feed animals for few
years then
only get





Scavengers >
decomposers > minerals release >
plants
meat .
inefficient use of energy into soil absorb


scavengers
farming animals '




organisms which feed on dead matter , leaving tissue and
expensive blood Karger surface area ) for decomposers
-




'

more efficient for people to eat plants than animals
-




hyenas ,
lions, vultures
-




high risk of disease spreading
spread of pollutants
-
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