NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
Comprehensive Questions
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Solutions Graded A+
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5-Lead ECG (Continuous Monitoring): - Answer: Right arm (RA):**
White electrode below the right clavicle.
Left arm (LA):** Black electrode below the left clavicle.
,Left leg (LL):** Red electrode on the left side of the abdomen.
Right leg (RL):** Green electrode on the right side of the
abdomen.
Precordial (V1):** Brown electrode placed at the fourth
intercostal space, just to the right of the sternum.
Mnemonic:** "White on right, smoke (black) over fire (red), green
goes to the ground (right leg), brown is central."
What is cardiac stress test? - Answer: the patient walks or runs on
a treadmill (most common) or pedals a stationary bicycle.
The test is stopped when the target heart rate is achieved or if the
patient experiences signs of myocardial ischemia.
Abnormal findings include
chest pain
ventricular arrhythmia
ST-segment depression
lack of heart rate or BP elevation with exercise
,12 lead ECG placement - Answer: -Step 1—Place limb leads (I, II,
III, aVR, aVL, aVF)
Right arm (RA):** White electrode below the right clavicle.
Left arm (LA):** Black electrode below the left clavicle.
Left leg (LL):** Red electrode on the left lower chest or abdomen.
Right leg (RL):** Green electrode on the right lower chest or
abdomen (ground).
Proper electrode placement is essential to avoid artifacts and
ensure accurate readings
Precordial (Chest) Leads (V1-V6):**
V1 Fourth intercostal space to the right of the sternum.
v2Fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum
v3Midway between V2 and V4.
V4 Fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line.
V5At the anterior axillary line, horizontal to V4.
, V6 At the midaxillary line, horizontal to V4 and V5.
What is pharmacological stress test - Answer: Patients who are
cognitively impaired and unable to follow directions or physically
disabled or deconditioned will not be able to achieve their target
heart rate by exercising on a treadmill or bicycle.
must avoid xanthine derivatives (theophylline, aminophylline,
caffeine) for 24-48hrs prior (they block the effects of the
vasodilating agents.)
NPO 3 hrs b4, abstain from all caffeine 24 hrs prior. Including
chocolate and caffeine free beverages ( tea)
What is 12 lead system ECG ? - Answer: The number of electrodes
needed for hardwire cardiac monitoring and telemetry is dictated
by the lead system used in the clinical setting.
Electrodes need to be securely and correctly placed on the chest
wall to accurately capture arrhythmias
What medications are use for pharmacological stress t testing? -
Answer: Vasodilating agents such as
Comprehensive Questions
(Frequently Tested) and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Services Offered
• Proctored Exam Assistance
• Online Class Management (Full Course Support)
• Exam Preparation & Study Materials
• Assignments and Coursework Support
• Essay and Research Paper Writing
• Discussion Posts & Responses
• Editing and Proofreading
• Confidential Academic Consultation
Contact Information
Email:
WhatsApp link: https://wa.me/254704846336
Fast Response | Confidential | Reliable Academic Support
Helping Students Achieve Academic Excellence
5-Lead ECG (Continuous Monitoring): - Answer: Right arm (RA):**
White electrode below the right clavicle.
Left arm (LA):** Black electrode below the left clavicle.
,Left leg (LL):** Red electrode on the left side of the abdomen.
Right leg (RL):** Green electrode on the right side of the
abdomen.
Precordial (V1):** Brown electrode placed at the fourth
intercostal space, just to the right of the sternum.
Mnemonic:** "White on right, smoke (black) over fire (red), green
goes to the ground (right leg), brown is central."
What is cardiac stress test? - Answer: the patient walks or runs on
a treadmill (most common) or pedals a stationary bicycle.
The test is stopped when the target heart rate is achieved or if the
patient experiences signs of myocardial ischemia.
Abnormal findings include
chest pain
ventricular arrhythmia
ST-segment depression
lack of heart rate or BP elevation with exercise
,12 lead ECG placement - Answer: -Step 1—Place limb leads (I, II,
III, aVR, aVL, aVF)
Right arm (RA):** White electrode below the right clavicle.
Left arm (LA):** Black electrode below the left clavicle.
Left leg (LL):** Red electrode on the left lower chest or abdomen.
Right leg (RL):** Green electrode on the right lower chest or
abdomen (ground).
Proper electrode placement is essential to avoid artifacts and
ensure accurate readings
Precordial (Chest) Leads (V1-V6):**
V1 Fourth intercostal space to the right of the sternum.
v2Fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum
v3Midway between V2 and V4.
V4 Fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line.
V5At the anterior axillary line, horizontal to V4.
, V6 At the midaxillary line, horizontal to V4 and V5.
What is pharmacological stress test - Answer: Patients who are
cognitively impaired and unable to follow directions or physically
disabled or deconditioned will not be able to achieve their target
heart rate by exercising on a treadmill or bicycle.
must avoid xanthine derivatives (theophylline, aminophylline,
caffeine) for 24-48hrs prior (they block the effects of the
vasodilating agents.)
NPO 3 hrs b4, abstain from all caffeine 24 hrs prior. Including
chocolate and caffeine free beverages ( tea)
What is 12 lead system ECG ? - Answer: The number of electrodes
needed for hardwire cardiac monitoring and telemetry is dictated
by the lead system used in the clinical setting.
Electrodes need to be securely and correctly placed on the chest
wall to accurately capture arrhythmias
What medications are use for pharmacological stress t testing? -
Answer: Vasodilating agents such as
