Chapter 40 Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation
and Perfusion
The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed humidified oxygen at 6 L/minute. Which type
of liquid will the nurse gather to set up the humidifier?
A. tap water
B. normal saline
C. distilled water
D. mineral oil
C. distilled water
The nurse observes a client practice pursed-lip breathing in preparation for discharge. Which action
should the nurse point out needs correcting?
A. exhales to a count of 4
B. inhales slowly through the nose to a count of 3
,C. contracts abdominal muscles to exhale
D. holds lips as though to whistle
A. exhales to a count of 4
The nurse is educating an adolescent with asthma on how to use a metered-dose inhaler. Which
instruction will the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Inhale through the nose instead of the mouth.
B. Be sure to shake the canister before using it.
C.Inhale the medication rapidly.
D. Inhale two sprays with one breath for faster action.
B. Be sure to shake the canister before using it.
Which guideline is recommended for determining suction catheter depth when suctioning an
endotracheal tube?
A. Combine the length of the endotracheal tube and any adapter being used, and add an additional 2
cm.
B. Using a suction catheter with centimeter increments on it, insert the suction catheter into the
endotracheal tube until the centimeter markings on both the endotracheal tube and catheter align,
and insert the suction catheter no further than an additional 1 cm.
C. Using a spare endotracheal tube of the same size as being used for the client, insert the suction
catheter halfway to the end of the tube and note the length of catheter used to reach this point.
D. For a closed system, combine the length of the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube and any adapter
being used, and add an additional 3 cm.
,B. Using a suction catheter with centimeter increments on it, insert the suction catheter into the
endotracheal tube until the centimeter markings on both the endotracheal tube and catheter align,
and insert the suction catheter no further than an additional 1 cm.
A client has been put on oxygen therapy because of low oxygen saturation levels in the blood. What
should the nurse use to regulate the amount of oxygen delivered to the client?
A. oxygen analyzer
B. nasal strip
C. nasal cannula
D. flow meter
D. flow meter
The nurse is providing an educational demonstration to an older, postsurgical client. (APPLYING
PRESSURE WITH A PILLOW AGAINST THE ABDOMEN). The intervention is intended to minimize the
effect of what age-related change specifically relevant to such a client?
A. A decrease in gas exchange and an increase in the work of breathing related to decreased elastic
recoil of the lungs
B. A decrease in ventilation and an ineffective cough related less air exchange, more excretions
remaining in the lungs
C. A decrease in the ability to respond to stress related to ineffective cardiac muscle function
D. A decrease in cardiac output related to progressive atherosclerosis
B. A decrease in ventilation and an ineffective cough related less air exchange, more excretions
remaining in the lungs
, The nurse auscultates a client with soft, high-pitched popping breath sounds on inspiration. The nurse
documents the breath sounds heard as:
1. crackles.
2. vesicular.
3. wheezes.
4. bronchovesicular.
1. crackles.
The nurse schedules a pulmonary function test to measure the amount of air left in a client's lungs at
maximal expiration. What test does the nurse order?
1. Tidal volume (TV)
2. Total lung capacity (TLC)
3. Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)
4. Residual Volume (RV)
4. Residual Volume (RV)
A health care provider orders the collection of a sputum specimen from a client with a suspected
bacterial infection. Which action best ensures a usable specimen?
A. Place the client in the dorsal recumbent position to collect the specimen.
B. Have the client clear the nose and throat and gargle with salt water before beginning the procedure.
C. Instruct the client to inhale deeply and then cough.
and Perfusion
The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed humidified oxygen at 6 L/minute. Which type
of liquid will the nurse gather to set up the humidifier?
A. tap water
B. normal saline
C. distilled water
D. mineral oil
C. distilled water
The nurse observes a client practice pursed-lip breathing in preparation for discharge. Which action
should the nurse point out needs correcting?
A. exhales to a count of 4
B. inhales slowly through the nose to a count of 3
,C. contracts abdominal muscles to exhale
D. holds lips as though to whistle
A. exhales to a count of 4
The nurse is educating an adolescent with asthma on how to use a metered-dose inhaler. Which
instruction will the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Inhale through the nose instead of the mouth.
B. Be sure to shake the canister before using it.
C.Inhale the medication rapidly.
D. Inhale two sprays with one breath for faster action.
B. Be sure to shake the canister before using it.
Which guideline is recommended for determining suction catheter depth when suctioning an
endotracheal tube?
A. Combine the length of the endotracheal tube and any adapter being used, and add an additional 2
cm.
B. Using a suction catheter with centimeter increments on it, insert the suction catheter into the
endotracheal tube until the centimeter markings on both the endotracheal tube and catheter align,
and insert the suction catheter no further than an additional 1 cm.
C. Using a spare endotracheal tube of the same size as being used for the client, insert the suction
catheter halfway to the end of the tube and note the length of catheter used to reach this point.
D. For a closed system, combine the length of the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube and any adapter
being used, and add an additional 3 cm.
,B. Using a suction catheter with centimeter increments on it, insert the suction catheter into the
endotracheal tube until the centimeter markings on both the endotracheal tube and catheter align,
and insert the suction catheter no further than an additional 1 cm.
A client has been put on oxygen therapy because of low oxygen saturation levels in the blood. What
should the nurse use to regulate the amount of oxygen delivered to the client?
A. oxygen analyzer
B. nasal strip
C. nasal cannula
D. flow meter
D. flow meter
The nurse is providing an educational demonstration to an older, postsurgical client. (APPLYING
PRESSURE WITH A PILLOW AGAINST THE ABDOMEN). The intervention is intended to minimize the
effect of what age-related change specifically relevant to such a client?
A. A decrease in gas exchange and an increase in the work of breathing related to decreased elastic
recoil of the lungs
B. A decrease in ventilation and an ineffective cough related less air exchange, more excretions
remaining in the lungs
C. A decrease in the ability to respond to stress related to ineffective cardiac muscle function
D. A decrease in cardiac output related to progressive atherosclerosis
B. A decrease in ventilation and an ineffective cough related less air exchange, more excretions
remaining in the lungs
, The nurse auscultates a client with soft, high-pitched popping breath sounds on inspiration. The nurse
documents the breath sounds heard as:
1. crackles.
2. vesicular.
3. wheezes.
4. bronchovesicular.
1. crackles.
The nurse schedules a pulmonary function test to measure the amount of air left in a client's lungs at
maximal expiration. What test does the nurse order?
1. Tidal volume (TV)
2. Total lung capacity (TLC)
3. Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)
4. Residual Volume (RV)
4. Residual Volume (RV)
A health care provider orders the collection of a sputum specimen from a client with a suspected
bacterial infection. Which action best ensures a usable specimen?
A. Place the client in the dorsal recumbent position to collect the specimen.
B. Have the client clear the nose and throat and gargle with salt water before beginning the procedure.
C. Instruct the client to inhale deeply and then cough.
