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NUTRITIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS,
A NURSING APPROACH 6TH EDITION EXAM LATEST VERSION
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026 EDITION
NUTRITIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, A NURSING
APPROACH 6TH EDITION EXAMINATION
250 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: WELLNESS, NUTRITION, AND THE NURSING ROLE (Questions 1-30)
Question 1
A nurse is teaching a client about the six dimensions of wellness. The client
exercises regularly, eats a healthy variety of foods, takes a nutrition course, buys
locally produced food, and participates in a faith-based organization. What else
should the client include to develop overall wellness?
A) Growing some of her own food
B) Keeping a food record to evaluate food choices
C) Eating meals with friends throughout the week
D) Meeting with a registered dietitian to review food choices
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The six dimensions of health include physical,
intellectual, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental health. The client's
behaviors address all dimensions except social health. Eating meals with friends would
develop the social dimension .
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of informal education about nutrition?
A) Attending a workshop on coronary artery disease sponsored by the American Heart
Association
B) Watching a television show about diabetes
C) Learning about food safety techniques in a high school economics course
D) Joining a support group to help overcome an eating disorder
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Rationale: The correct answer is B. Watching a television show about diabetes is
informal education because it occurs through a daily activity . Attending a workshop or
support group is nonformal education, and a high school course is formal education.
Question 3
For a client who is missing meals because of poor planning, which physiological
change can affect emotional health and cause confusion or anxiety?
A) Low blood sugar levels
B) High blood sugar levels
C) High blood pressure
D) Low blood pressure
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Poor eating habits affect emotional health. Missing
meals may cause blood sugar levels to decrease, which can cause anxiety or confusion
or make it difficult to control emotions .
Question 4
When target goals for Healthy People are updated, which concern is most likely to
be addressed?
A) Preference for vegetarian eating patterns among white women
B) Low intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children
C) Widespread use of bottled water in higher socioeconomic groups
D) Common use of protein and vitamin supplements in athletes
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Healthy People addresses environmental and social
issues that affect health outcomes. Low intake of fruits and vegetables by African
American children is likely to have an adverse effect on health .
Question 5
Which is an example of community support for health promotion?
A) Teaching a young mother skills in safe food preparation
B) Watching a television documentary about industry errors in food processing
C) Labeling fresh poultry packages with information about proper food storage
D) Being aware that Salmonella can be transmitted because of inadequate food
preparation
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Food labeling information is an example of
community support because it is a regulatory measure that supports new health
behaviors .
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Question 6
A client asks about the most effective way to increase energy expenditure. The
nurse should explain that the MOST effective method is to:
A) Eat foods that require more energy for digestion and metabolism
B) Use thyroid hormones to increase basal metabolic rate
C) Increase the duration and intensity of daily activities
D) Lift weights to increase lean body mass and thereby increase basal metabolism
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Increasing the duration and intensity of daily
activities is the most effective way to increase overall energy expenditure .
Question 7
When a person hears a friend calling for help and runs to find out what the friend
needs, the body obtains energy primarily from:
A) Fatty acids via adrenaline release
B) Glucose and amino acids via aerobic pathways
C) Glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis
D) Fatty acids and glycerol via oxidative phosphorylation
Rationale: The correct answer is C. During sudden, intense activity, energy is obtained
from glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis . This provides rapid energy without requiring
oxygen.
Question 8
A client is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and ataxia. Which
information would lead the nurse to suspect that the symptoms may be caused by
secondary thiamin deficiency?
A) The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and beans.
B) The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism.
C) The patient is recovering from a minor stroke.
D) The patient has a family history of disease.
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Thiamin deficiency (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome)
is commonly associated with alcoholism due to impaired absorption and poor dietary
intake .
Question 9
A pregnant client in her first trimester asks about supplements to prevent neural
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tube defects. Which micronutrient is the priority to confirm she is taking?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Folic acid
D) Vitamin D
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Adequate folic acid intake before and during early
pregnancy is essential for preventing neural tube defects. This is the absolute priority
micronutrient .
Question 10
The nurse is educating a client about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet. Which statement accurately describes the DASH diet?
A) The DASH diet emphasizes 8 to 10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
B) The DASH diet explicitly includes 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy products.
C) The DASH diet emphasizes red meat as a primary protein source.
D) The DASH diet is a low-carbohydrate diet.
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The DASH diet includes 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy
daily . It emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and minimizes red meat.
Potassium, calcium, and magnesium from these foods help lower blood pressure.
Question 11
Which of the following is an example of an obesogenic environment?
A) An employer who gives employees free membership at a health club
B) Being a former high school athlete who now works in a sedentary job
C) Living in an apartment complex where it is unsafe for children to play outside
unsupervised
D) A physician's recommendation not to exercise during recovery from surgery
Rationale: The correct answer is C. An obesogenic environment promotes obesity
through limited opportunities for physical activity. Unsafe outdoor play areas for
children represent such an environment .
Question 12
The fuel for all body processes that traps energy released from food is:
A) Electrons
B) Acetyl coenzyme A
C) Glucose-6-phosphate
D) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
NUTRITIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS,
A NURSING APPROACH 6TH EDITION EXAM LATEST VERSION
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026 EDITION
NUTRITIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, A NURSING
APPROACH 6TH EDITION EXAMINATION
250 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: WELLNESS, NUTRITION, AND THE NURSING ROLE (Questions 1-30)
Question 1
A nurse is teaching a client about the six dimensions of wellness. The client
exercises regularly, eats a healthy variety of foods, takes a nutrition course, buys
locally produced food, and participates in a faith-based organization. What else
should the client include to develop overall wellness?
A) Growing some of her own food
B) Keeping a food record to evaluate food choices
C) Eating meals with friends throughout the week
D) Meeting with a registered dietitian to review food choices
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The six dimensions of health include physical,
intellectual, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental health. The client's
behaviors address all dimensions except social health. Eating meals with friends would
develop the social dimension .
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of informal education about nutrition?
A) Attending a workshop on coronary artery disease sponsored by the American Heart
Association
B) Watching a television show about diabetes
C) Learning about food safety techniques in a high school economics course
D) Joining a support group to help overcome an eating disorder
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Rationale: The correct answer is B. Watching a television show about diabetes is
informal education because it occurs through a daily activity . Attending a workshop or
support group is nonformal education, and a high school course is formal education.
Question 3
For a client who is missing meals because of poor planning, which physiological
change can affect emotional health and cause confusion or anxiety?
A) Low blood sugar levels
B) High blood sugar levels
C) High blood pressure
D) Low blood pressure
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Poor eating habits affect emotional health. Missing
meals may cause blood sugar levels to decrease, which can cause anxiety or confusion
or make it difficult to control emotions .
Question 4
When target goals for Healthy People are updated, which concern is most likely to
be addressed?
A) Preference for vegetarian eating patterns among white women
B) Low intake of fruits and vegetables by African American children
C) Widespread use of bottled water in higher socioeconomic groups
D) Common use of protein and vitamin supplements in athletes
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Healthy People addresses environmental and social
issues that affect health outcomes. Low intake of fruits and vegetables by African
American children is likely to have an adverse effect on health .
Question 5
Which is an example of community support for health promotion?
A) Teaching a young mother skills in safe food preparation
B) Watching a television documentary about industry errors in food processing
C) Labeling fresh poultry packages with information about proper food storage
D) Being aware that Salmonella can be transmitted because of inadequate food
preparation
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Food labeling information is an example of
community support because it is a regulatory measure that supports new health
behaviors .
, Page 3 of 71
Question 6
A client asks about the most effective way to increase energy expenditure. The
nurse should explain that the MOST effective method is to:
A) Eat foods that require more energy for digestion and metabolism
B) Use thyroid hormones to increase basal metabolic rate
C) Increase the duration and intensity of daily activities
D) Lift weights to increase lean body mass and thereby increase basal metabolism
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Increasing the duration and intensity of daily
activities is the most effective way to increase overall energy expenditure .
Question 7
When a person hears a friend calling for help and runs to find out what the friend
needs, the body obtains energy primarily from:
A) Fatty acids via adrenaline release
B) Glucose and amino acids via aerobic pathways
C) Glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis
D) Fatty acids and glycerol via oxidative phosphorylation
Rationale: The correct answer is C. During sudden, intense activity, energy is obtained
from glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis . This provides rapid energy without requiring
oxygen.
Question 8
A client is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and ataxia. Which
information would lead the nurse to suspect that the symptoms may be caused by
secondary thiamin deficiency?
A) The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and beans.
B) The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism.
C) The patient is recovering from a minor stroke.
D) The patient has a family history of disease.
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Thiamin deficiency (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome)
is commonly associated with alcoholism due to impaired absorption and poor dietary
intake .
Question 9
A pregnant client in her first trimester asks about supplements to prevent neural
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tube defects. Which micronutrient is the priority to confirm she is taking?
A) Calcium
B) Iron
C) Folic acid
D) Vitamin D
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Adequate folic acid intake before and during early
pregnancy is essential for preventing neural tube defects. This is the absolute priority
micronutrient .
Question 10
The nurse is educating a client about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) diet. Which statement accurately describes the DASH diet?
A) The DASH diet emphasizes 8 to 10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
B) The DASH diet explicitly includes 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy products.
C) The DASH diet emphasizes red meat as a primary protein source.
D) The DASH diet is a low-carbohydrate diet.
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The DASH diet includes 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy
daily . It emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and minimizes red meat.
Potassium, calcium, and magnesium from these foods help lower blood pressure.
Question 11
Which of the following is an example of an obesogenic environment?
A) An employer who gives employees free membership at a health club
B) Being a former high school athlete who now works in a sedentary job
C) Living in an apartment complex where it is unsafe for children to play outside
unsupervised
D) A physician's recommendation not to exercise during recovery from surgery
Rationale: The correct answer is C. An obesogenic environment promotes obesity
through limited opportunities for physical activity. Unsafe outdoor play areas for
children represent such an environment .
Question 12
The fuel for all body processes that traps energy released from food is:
A) Electrons
B) Acetyl coenzyme A
C) Glucose-6-phosphate
D) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
