BSN 336 Midterm Exam Prep 2026
BSN 336
Midterm Exam Prep 2026
Updated Practice Questions and Answers With Rationales
60 High-Yield Questions
Covering 10 Core Topic Areas
Topics Covered: Cellular Injury & Adaptation
Cellular Death (Necrosis & Apoptosis)
Inflammation & Immune Responses
Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances
Genetic & Congenital Disorders
Neoplasia & Cancer Biology
Cancer Clinical Manifestations & Treatment
Hematological Disorders
Cardiovascular Pathophysiology
Neurological Pathophysiology
Prepared for BSN 336 Pathophysiology | 2026 Edition
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
,BSN 336 Midterm Exam Prep 2026
Contents
1 Cellular Injury & Adaptation 3
2 Cellular Death: Necrosis & Apoptosis 6
3 Inflammation & Immune Responses 9
4 Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances 12
5 Genetic & Congenital Disorders 14
6 Neoplasia & Cancer Biology 16
7 Cancer: Clinical Manifestations & Treatment 18
8 Hematological Disorders 20
9 Cardiovascular Pathophysiology 22
10 Neurological Pathophysiology 24
11 Bonus: High-Yield Review Questions 26
12 Quick-Reference Tables 28
12.1 Apoptosis vs. Necrosis........................................................................................................................... 28
12.2 Benign vs. Malignant Tumors .............................................................................................................. 28
12.3 Hypersensitivity Reactions .................................................................................................................... 29
12.4 Types of Necrosis ....................................................................................................................................29
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
, BSN 336 Midterm Exam Prep 2026
1 Cellular Injury & Adaptation
Ẉhich cellular adaptation is characterized by an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
in response to a stimulus?
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Metaplasia
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia is an increase in the numher of cells (proliferation) in response to a stimulus, such as
hormonal stimulation or increased functional demand. Hypertrophy (A) is an increase in cell size, not
number. Metaplasia (C) is the reversible replacement of one mature cell type with another. Dysplasia
abnormal, precancerous. distinction:
A patient with a long history of smoking develops a change in the epithelial lining of the bronchi from
ciliated columnar epithelium to stratiied squamous epithelium. This is an example of:
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Metaplasia
Dysplasia
Metaplasia is the reversible replacement ofone diflerentiated cell type with another, typically in response
to chronic irritation. In smokers, the ciliated columnar epithelium of the bronchi is replaced by stratiied
squamous epithelium, which is more resistant to smoke but loses its protective ciliary function. This
is an adaptive substitution, not precancerous (dysplasia) or an increase in cell size (hypertrophy) or
number (hyperplasia) .
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
BSN 336
Midterm Exam Prep 2026
Updated Practice Questions and Answers With Rationales
60 High-Yield Questions
Covering 10 Core Topic Areas
Topics Covered: Cellular Injury & Adaptation
Cellular Death (Necrosis & Apoptosis)
Inflammation & Immune Responses
Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances
Genetic & Congenital Disorders
Neoplasia & Cancer Biology
Cancer Clinical Manifestations & Treatment
Hematological Disorders
Cardiovascular Pathophysiology
Neurological Pathophysiology
Prepared for BSN 336 Pathophysiology | 2026 Edition
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
,BSN 336 Midterm Exam Prep 2026
Contents
1 Cellular Injury & Adaptation 3
2 Cellular Death: Necrosis & Apoptosis 6
3 Inflammation & Immune Responses 9
4 Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances 12
5 Genetic & Congenital Disorders 14
6 Neoplasia & Cancer Biology 16
7 Cancer: Clinical Manifestations & Treatment 18
8 Hematological Disorders 20
9 Cardiovascular Pathophysiology 22
10 Neurological Pathophysiology 24
11 Bonus: High-Yield Review Questions 26
12 Quick-Reference Tables 28
12.1 Apoptosis vs. Necrosis........................................................................................................................... 28
12.2 Benign vs. Malignant Tumors .............................................................................................................. 28
12.3 Hypersensitivity Reactions .................................................................................................................... 29
12.4 Types of Necrosis ....................................................................................................................................29
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
, BSN 336 Midterm Exam Prep 2026
1 Cellular Injury & Adaptation
Ẉhich cellular adaptation is characterized by an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
in response to a stimulus?
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Metaplasia
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia is an increase in the numher of cells (proliferation) in response to a stimulus, such as
hormonal stimulation or increased functional demand. Hypertrophy (A) is an increase in cell size, not
number. Metaplasia (C) is the reversible replacement of one mature cell type with another. Dysplasia
abnormal, precancerous. distinction:
A patient with a long history of smoking develops a change in the epithelial lining of the bronchi from
ciliated columnar epithelium to stratiied squamous epithelium. This is an example of:
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Metaplasia
Dysplasia
Metaplasia is the reversible replacement ofone diflerentiated cell type with another, typically in response
to chronic irritation. In smokers, the ciliated columnar epithelium of the bronchi is replaced by stratiied
squamous epithelium, which is more resistant to smoke but loses its protective ciliary function. This
is an adaptive substitution, not precancerous (dysplasia) or an increase in cell size (hypertrophy) or
number (hyperplasia) .
Updated Practice Questions & Answers With Rationales
