NSG 3280 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY GALEN
COLLEGE OF NURSING | EXAM 3 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | UPDATED TESTS
200 Questions with Answers and Detailed Rationales
100 PERCENT GUARANTEED PASS
INSTANT DOWNLOAD ANSWERS INCLUDED
IMPORTANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This comprehensive examination preparation guide has been meticulously developed to help you succeed in the
NSG 3280 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING | EXAM 3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | UPDATED TESTS. It contains 200 carefully selected questions that reflect the most current exam
content and testing strategies. Each question is accompanied by a correct answer and a detailed rationale that
explains the underlying pathophysiology, pharmacology, or clinical reasoning.
Self-Assessment – Test your knowledge and Exam Preparation – Familiarize yourself with the
identify areas requiring further question format and content
study areas
Concept Reinforcement – Deepen your Confidence Building – Develop test-taking
understanding through strategies and reduce
evidence-based exam anxiety
rationales
Time Management – Practice answering
questions under simulated
exam conditions
Review Summary 200 Questions
Foundations - Application - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests
Pathophysiology Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper Division Nursing
All answers with rationales
,Table of Contents
Content Area Questions Key Topics
NSG 3280 Pathophysiology 1-34 Chronic, Develops, Mechanism, Disease, Explains
Galen College OF Nursing 3
AND Updated Tests
Pathophysiology
Undergraduate YEAR 3 /
Upper Division Nursing
Develops 35-68 Chronic, Disease, Pathophysiological, Explains, Mechanism
Disease 69-102 Mechanism, Chronic, Develops, Explains, Pathophysiological
Explains 103-136 Disease, Chronic, Mechanism, Develops, Describes
Mechanism 137-170 Develops, Chronic, Disease, Explains, Pulmonary
Pathophysiological 171-200 Explains, Chronic, Develops, Disease, Mechanism
TOTAL 200 All questions include answers and detailed rationales
,Section A - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF
Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests Pathophysiology
Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper Division Nursing
Q1.
A researcher is studying a novel chemokine that selectively recruits Th17 cells to sites of
chronic inflammation. Which downstream effect is most likely to be observed in the
affected tissue if this chemokine is persistently overexpressed?
A. Enhanced regulatory T-cell (Treg) B. Increased neutrophil infiltration and
differentiation and resolution of inflammation formation of purulent exudate
C. Prominent tissue remodeling with fibrosis D. Rapid apoptosis of epithelial cells and
and autoantibody production granuloma formation
Correct: C - Prominent tissue remodeling with fibrosis and autoantibody production
Rationale:Th17 cells secrete IL-17, which stimulates fibroblast proliferation and matrix
remodeling, leading to fibrosis. Chronic Th17 responses are associated with autoimmune
tissue damage and autoantibody production. Tregs (A) counter this; neutrophils (B) are more
characteristic of innate responses; granulomas (D) involve macrophages and are typical of
mycobacterial infection.
Q2.
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum calcium of 8.2 mg/dL and phosphorus
of 5.8 mg/dL. Which set of laboratory findings would most likely accompany these values,
and what is the primary compensatory mechanism?
A. Decreased PTH, increased calcitriol; B. Increased PTH, decreased calcitriol;
compensation via increased intestinal compensation via increased bone resorption
calcium absorption
C. Decreased PTH, decreased calcitriol; D. Increased PTH, increased calcitriol;
compensation via increased renal calcium compensation via enhanced renal
reabsorption phosphate excretion
Correct: B - Increased PTH, decreased calcitriol; compensation via increased bone
resorption
Rationale:In chronic kidney disease, phosphate retention and decreased calcitriol production
lead to hypocalcemia, stimulating PTH secretion (secondary hyperparathyroidism). PTH
increases bone resorption to raise calcium. Option A is opposite; C and D have incorrect
calcitriol responses.
Page 3
, Section A - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests Pathophysiology Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper
Division Nursing
Q3.
A 65-year-old patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with sudden
severe chest pain radiating to the back. Blood pressure is 210/120 mmHg in the right arm
and 100/60 mmHg in the left arm. Which pathophysiological mechanism is most likely
responsible for these findings?
A. Acute coronary syndrome with right B. Pulmonary embolism causing paradoxical
ventricular infarction hypotension
C. Aortic dissection with involvement of the D. Acute pancreatitis with retroperitoneal
subclavian artery hemorrhage
Correct: C - Aortic dissection with involvement of the subclavian artery
Rationale:The asymmetric blood pressures and severe chest pain radiating to the back are
classic for aortic dissection, where the dissection flap can occlude the subclavian artery,
causing differential extremity pressures. ACS (A) typically doesn't cause asymmetric BP; PE
(B) presents with hypoxia and tachycardia; pancreatitis (D) causes epigastric pain and shock,
not asymmetric BP.
Q4.
A patient is receiving a drug that inhibits the reuptake of adenosine. Which of the
following effects would be most expected?
A. Increased bronchodilation and reduced B. Enhanced cardiac contractility and
airway inflammation increased heart rate
C. Vasodilation of coronary arteries and D. Increased platelet aggregation and
decreased heart rate thrombus formation
Correct: C - Vasodilation of coronary arteries and decreased heart rate
Rationale:Adenosine is a potent vasodilator of coronary arteries and has negative
chronotropic effects, slowing heart rate. Inhibiting its reuptake increases its extracellular
concentration, causing these effects. Bronchodilation (A) is mediated by beta-agonists;
cardiac stimulation (B) is opposite; platelet aggregation (D) is inhibited by adenosine.
Q5.
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a PaCO2 of 60 mmHg
and a serum bicarbonate of 36 mEq/L. Which acid-base disorder is present, and what is
the primary compensatory response?
A. Acute respiratory acidosis with renal B. Chronic respiratory acidosis with renal
compensation compensation
C. Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory D. Mixed respiratory acidosis and metabolic
compensation alkalosis
Page 4
COLLEGE OF NURSING | EXAM 3 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | UPDATED TESTS
200 Questions with Answers and Detailed Rationales
100 PERCENT GUARANTEED PASS
INSTANT DOWNLOAD ANSWERS INCLUDED
IMPORTANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This comprehensive examination preparation guide has been meticulously developed to help you succeed in the
NSG 3280 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING | EXAM 3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | UPDATED TESTS. It contains 200 carefully selected questions that reflect the most current exam
content and testing strategies. Each question is accompanied by a correct answer and a detailed rationale that
explains the underlying pathophysiology, pharmacology, or clinical reasoning.
Self-Assessment – Test your knowledge and Exam Preparation – Familiarize yourself with the
identify areas requiring further question format and content
study areas
Concept Reinforcement – Deepen your Confidence Building – Develop test-taking
understanding through strategies and reduce
evidence-based exam anxiety
rationales
Time Management – Practice answering
questions under simulated
exam conditions
Review Summary 200 Questions
Foundations - Application - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests
Pathophysiology Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper Division Nursing
All answers with rationales
,Table of Contents
Content Area Questions Key Topics
NSG 3280 Pathophysiology 1-34 Chronic, Develops, Mechanism, Disease, Explains
Galen College OF Nursing 3
AND Updated Tests
Pathophysiology
Undergraduate YEAR 3 /
Upper Division Nursing
Develops 35-68 Chronic, Disease, Pathophysiological, Explains, Mechanism
Disease 69-102 Mechanism, Chronic, Develops, Explains, Pathophysiological
Explains 103-136 Disease, Chronic, Mechanism, Develops, Describes
Mechanism 137-170 Develops, Chronic, Disease, Explains, Pulmonary
Pathophysiological 171-200 Explains, Chronic, Develops, Disease, Mechanism
TOTAL 200 All questions include answers and detailed rationales
,Section A - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF
Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests Pathophysiology
Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper Division Nursing
Q1.
A researcher is studying a novel chemokine that selectively recruits Th17 cells to sites of
chronic inflammation. Which downstream effect is most likely to be observed in the
affected tissue if this chemokine is persistently overexpressed?
A. Enhanced regulatory T-cell (Treg) B. Increased neutrophil infiltration and
differentiation and resolution of inflammation formation of purulent exudate
C. Prominent tissue remodeling with fibrosis D. Rapid apoptosis of epithelial cells and
and autoantibody production granuloma formation
Correct: C - Prominent tissue remodeling with fibrosis and autoantibody production
Rationale:Th17 cells secrete IL-17, which stimulates fibroblast proliferation and matrix
remodeling, leading to fibrosis. Chronic Th17 responses are associated with autoimmune
tissue damage and autoantibody production. Tregs (A) counter this; neutrophils (B) are more
characteristic of innate responses; granulomas (D) involve macrophages and are typical of
mycobacterial infection.
Q2.
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum calcium of 8.2 mg/dL and phosphorus
of 5.8 mg/dL. Which set of laboratory findings would most likely accompany these values,
and what is the primary compensatory mechanism?
A. Decreased PTH, increased calcitriol; B. Increased PTH, decreased calcitriol;
compensation via increased intestinal compensation via increased bone resorption
calcium absorption
C. Decreased PTH, decreased calcitriol; D. Increased PTH, increased calcitriol;
compensation via increased renal calcium compensation via enhanced renal
reabsorption phosphate excretion
Correct: B - Increased PTH, decreased calcitriol; compensation via increased bone
resorption
Rationale:In chronic kidney disease, phosphate retention and decreased calcitriol production
lead to hypocalcemia, stimulating PTH secretion (secondary hyperparathyroidism). PTH
increases bone resorption to raise calcium. Option A is opposite; C and D have incorrect
calcitriol responses.
Page 3
, Section A - NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Galen College OF Nursing 3 AND Updated Tests Pathophysiology Undergraduate YEAR 3 / Upper
Division Nursing
Q3.
A 65-year-old patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with sudden
severe chest pain radiating to the back. Blood pressure is 210/120 mmHg in the right arm
and 100/60 mmHg in the left arm. Which pathophysiological mechanism is most likely
responsible for these findings?
A. Acute coronary syndrome with right B. Pulmonary embolism causing paradoxical
ventricular infarction hypotension
C. Aortic dissection with involvement of the D. Acute pancreatitis with retroperitoneal
subclavian artery hemorrhage
Correct: C - Aortic dissection with involvement of the subclavian artery
Rationale:The asymmetric blood pressures and severe chest pain radiating to the back are
classic for aortic dissection, where the dissection flap can occlude the subclavian artery,
causing differential extremity pressures. ACS (A) typically doesn't cause asymmetric BP; PE
(B) presents with hypoxia and tachycardia; pancreatitis (D) causes epigastric pain and shock,
not asymmetric BP.
Q4.
A patient is receiving a drug that inhibits the reuptake of adenosine. Which of the
following effects would be most expected?
A. Increased bronchodilation and reduced B. Enhanced cardiac contractility and
airway inflammation increased heart rate
C. Vasodilation of coronary arteries and D. Increased platelet aggregation and
decreased heart rate thrombus formation
Correct: C - Vasodilation of coronary arteries and decreased heart rate
Rationale:Adenosine is a potent vasodilator of coronary arteries and has negative
chronotropic effects, slowing heart rate. Inhibiting its reuptake increases its extracellular
concentration, causing these effects. Bronchodilation (A) is mediated by beta-agonists;
cardiac stimulation (B) is opposite; platelet aggregation (D) is inhibited by adenosine.
Q5.
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a PaCO2 of 60 mmHg
and a serum bicarbonate of 36 mEq/L. Which acid-base disorder is present, and what is
the primary compensatory response?
A. Acute respiratory acidosis with renal B. Chronic respiratory acidosis with renal
compensation compensation
C. Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory D. Mixed respiratory acidosis and metabolic
compensation alkalosis
Page 4
