NR 324 - ADULT HEALTH 1 EXAM
1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 - 2027
________% of blood is water - ANSWERS-60
sodium imbalances are typically associated with - ANSWERS-parallel
changes in osmolality
hypernatremia - ANSWERS-elevated serum sodium occurring with
water loss or sodium gain; causes hyperosmolality leading to cellular
dehydration; primary protection is thirst from hypothalamus
hypernatremia manifestations - ANSWERS-thirst, lethargy, agitation,
seizures, and coma; impaired LOC; symptoms of fluid volume deficit;
weakness, hypotensive, decreased skin turgor, increased BP
seizure precaution
treatment for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-hypotonic or isotonic
solutions (D5W)
nursing diagnoses for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-risk for injury, risk
for fluid volume deficit, risk for electrolyte imbalance, potential
complication: seizures and come leading to irreversible brain damage
, nursing implementation for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-treat
underlying cause, primary water deficit - replace fluid orally or IV
with isotonic or hypotonic fluids, excess sodium - dilute with sodium
free IV fluids and promote excretion with diuretics, monitor carefully
hyponatremia - ANSWERS-results from loss of sodium containing
fluids and/or from water excess
manifestations of hyponatremia - ANSWERS-confusion, irritability,
headache, seizures, coma, excessive water either through intake or
pathological processes in the body
seizure precaution
treatment for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-water restriction, hypertonic
solution in small amounts
nursing diagnoses for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-acute confusion,
risk for injury, risk for electrolyte imbalance, potential complication:
severe neurologic changes
nursing implementation for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-fluid
restriction, small amounts of hypertonic IV solutions (3% NaCl), fluid
replacement with sodium containing solution
1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 - 2027
________% of blood is water - ANSWERS-60
sodium imbalances are typically associated with - ANSWERS-parallel
changes in osmolality
hypernatremia - ANSWERS-elevated serum sodium occurring with
water loss or sodium gain; causes hyperosmolality leading to cellular
dehydration; primary protection is thirst from hypothalamus
hypernatremia manifestations - ANSWERS-thirst, lethargy, agitation,
seizures, and coma; impaired LOC; symptoms of fluid volume deficit;
weakness, hypotensive, decreased skin turgor, increased BP
seizure precaution
treatment for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-hypotonic or isotonic
solutions (D5W)
nursing diagnoses for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-risk for injury, risk
for fluid volume deficit, risk for electrolyte imbalance, potential
complication: seizures and come leading to irreversible brain damage
, nursing implementation for hypernatremia - ANSWERS-treat
underlying cause, primary water deficit - replace fluid orally or IV
with isotonic or hypotonic fluids, excess sodium - dilute with sodium
free IV fluids and promote excretion with diuretics, monitor carefully
hyponatremia - ANSWERS-results from loss of sodium containing
fluids and/or from water excess
manifestations of hyponatremia - ANSWERS-confusion, irritability,
headache, seizures, coma, excessive water either through intake or
pathological processes in the body
seizure precaution
treatment for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-water restriction, hypertonic
solution in small amounts
nursing diagnoses for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-acute confusion,
risk for injury, risk for electrolyte imbalance, potential complication:
severe neurologic changes
nursing implementation for hyponatremia - ANSWERS-fluid
restriction, small amounts of hypertonic IV solutions (3% NaCl), fluid
replacement with sodium containing solution
