ECPI VB NUR 168 CONCEPTS 3
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
A nurse carefully assesses the acid-base balance of a patient whose
carbonic acid (H2CO3) level is decreased. This is most likely a
patient with damage to the:
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
C. Adrenal glands
D. Blood vessels - ANSWERS-B
A nurse is monitoring a patient who is diagnosed with hypokalemia.
Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for this patient?
A. Encourage foods and fluids with high sodium content.
B. Administer oral K supplements as ordered.
C. Caution the patient about eating foods high in potassium content.
D. Discuss calcium-losing aspects of nicotine and alcohol use. -
ANSWERS-B
A nurse is initiating a peripheral venous access IV infusion for a
patient. Following the procedure, the nurse observes that the fluid
does not flow easily into the vein and the skin around the insertion
site is edematous and cool to the touch. What would be the nurse's
next action related to these findings?
,A. Reposition the extremity and raise the height of the IV pole.
B. Apply pressure to the dressing on the IV.
C. Pull the catheter out slightly and reinsert it.
D. Put on gloves; remove the catheter - ANSWERS-D
When monitoring an IV site and infusion, a nurse notes pain at the
access site with erythema and edema. What grade of phlebitis would
the nurse document?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4 - ANSWERS-B
A nurse is administering a blood transfusion for a patient following
surgery. During the transfusion, the patient displays signs of dyspnea,
dry cough, and pulmonary edema. What would be the nurse's priority
actions related to these symptoms?
A. Slow or stop the infusion; monitor vital signs, notify the health
care provider, place the patient in upright position with feet
dependent.
B. Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the vein open with
normal saline, notify the health care provider stat, administer
antihistamine parenterally as needed.
C. Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the vein open with
normal saline, notify the health care provider, and treat symptoms.
,D. Stop the infusion immediately, obtain a culture of the patient's
blood, monitor vital signs, notify the health care provider, administer
antibiotics stat. - ANSWERS-A
A nurse is performing physical assessments for patients with fluid
imbalance. Which finding indicates a fluid volume excess?
A. A pinched and drawn facial expression
B. Deep, rapid respirations.
C. Moist crackles heard upon auscultation
D. Tachycardia - ANSWERS-C
During rounds, a charge nurse hears the patient care technician yelling
loudly to a patient regarding a transfer from the bed to chair. Upon
entering the room, what is the nurse's BEST response?
A."You need to speak to the patient quietly so you don't disturb the
other patients."
B. "Let me help you with your transfer technique."
C."When you are finished, be sure to apologize for your rough
demeanor."
D. "When your patient is safe and comfortable, meet me at the desk."
- ANSWERS-D
A public health nurse is leaving the home of a young mother who has
a special needs baby. The neighbor states, "How is she doing, since
the baby's father is no help?" What is the nurse's BEST response to
the neighbor?
A. "New mothers need support."
, B. "The lack of a father is difficult."
C. "How are you today?"
D. "It is a very sad situation." - ANSWERS-A
A 3-year-old child is being admitted to a medical division for
vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration. During the admission interview,
the nurse should implement which communication techniques to elicit
the most information from the parents?
A. The use of reflective questions
B. The use of closed questions
C. The use of assertive questions
D. The use of clarifying questions - ANSWERS-D
A nurse enters a patient's room and examines the patient's IV fluids
and cardiac monitor. The patient states, "Well, I haven't seen you
before. Who are you?" What is the nurse's BEST response?
A. "I'm just the IV therapist checking your IV."
B. "I've been transferred to this division and will be caring for you."
C. "I'm sorry, my name is John Smith and I am your nurse."
D. "My name is John Smith, I am your nurse and I'll be caring for you
until 11 PM." - ANSWERS-D
A nurse enters the room of a patient with cancer. The patient is crying
and states, "I feel so alone." Which response by the nurse is the most
therapeutic action?
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
A nurse carefully assesses the acid-base balance of a patient whose
carbonic acid (H2CO3) level is decreased. This is most likely a
patient with damage to the:
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
C. Adrenal glands
D. Blood vessels - ANSWERS-B
A nurse is monitoring a patient who is diagnosed with hypokalemia.
Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for this patient?
A. Encourage foods and fluids with high sodium content.
B. Administer oral K supplements as ordered.
C. Caution the patient about eating foods high in potassium content.
D. Discuss calcium-losing aspects of nicotine and alcohol use. -
ANSWERS-B
A nurse is initiating a peripheral venous access IV infusion for a
patient. Following the procedure, the nurse observes that the fluid
does not flow easily into the vein and the skin around the insertion
site is edematous and cool to the touch. What would be the nurse's
next action related to these findings?
,A. Reposition the extremity and raise the height of the IV pole.
B. Apply pressure to the dressing on the IV.
C. Pull the catheter out slightly and reinsert it.
D. Put on gloves; remove the catheter - ANSWERS-D
When monitoring an IV site and infusion, a nurse notes pain at the
access site with erythema and edema. What grade of phlebitis would
the nurse document?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4 - ANSWERS-B
A nurse is administering a blood transfusion for a patient following
surgery. During the transfusion, the patient displays signs of dyspnea,
dry cough, and pulmonary edema. What would be the nurse's priority
actions related to these symptoms?
A. Slow or stop the infusion; monitor vital signs, notify the health
care provider, place the patient in upright position with feet
dependent.
B. Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the vein open with
normal saline, notify the health care provider stat, administer
antihistamine parenterally as needed.
C. Stop the transfusion immediately and keep the vein open with
normal saline, notify the health care provider, and treat symptoms.
,D. Stop the infusion immediately, obtain a culture of the patient's
blood, monitor vital signs, notify the health care provider, administer
antibiotics stat. - ANSWERS-A
A nurse is performing physical assessments for patients with fluid
imbalance. Which finding indicates a fluid volume excess?
A. A pinched and drawn facial expression
B. Deep, rapid respirations.
C. Moist crackles heard upon auscultation
D. Tachycardia - ANSWERS-C
During rounds, a charge nurse hears the patient care technician yelling
loudly to a patient regarding a transfer from the bed to chair. Upon
entering the room, what is the nurse's BEST response?
A."You need to speak to the patient quietly so you don't disturb the
other patients."
B. "Let me help you with your transfer technique."
C."When you are finished, be sure to apologize for your rough
demeanor."
D. "When your patient is safe and comfortable, meet me at the desk."
- ANSWERS-D
A public health nurse is leaving the home of a young mother who has
a special needs baby. The neighbor states, "How is she doing, since
the baby's father is no help?" What is the nurse's BEST response to
the neighbor?
A. "New mothers need support."
, B. "The lack of a father is difficult."
C. "How are you today?"
D. "It is a very sad situation." - ANSWERS-A
A 3-year-old child is being admitted to a medical division for
vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration. During the admission interview,
the nurse should implement which communication techniques to elicit
the most information from the parents?
A. The use of reflective questions
B. The use of closed questions
C. The use of assertive questions
D. The use of clarifying questions - ANSWERS-D
A nurse enters a patient's room and examines the patient's IV fluids
and cardiac monitor. The patient states, "Well, I haven't seen you
before. Who are you?" What is the nurse's BEST response?
A. "I'm just the IV therapist checking your IV."
B. "I've been transferred to this division and will be caring for you."
C. "I'm sorry, my name is John Smith and I am your nurse."
D. "My name is John Smith, I am your nurse and I'll be caring for you
until 11 PM." - ANSWERS-D
A nurse enters the room of a patient with cancer. The patient is crying
and states, "I feel so alone." Which response by the nurse is the most
therapeutic action?
