,NUR254/NUR 254 Exam 3 | Maternal & Pediatric
Nursing | Galen College | 2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. The nurse is explaining the concept of family-centered care to a new graduate. Which statement by
the graduate indicates correct understanding?
A) "The nurse is the primary decision-maker for the child's health."
B) "Care is planned and delivered with the family as the central focus and partner."
C) "The family's input is valuable but secondary to the medical team's goals."
D) "Family-centered care means the family is always in the room during procedures."
Correct Answer: Care is planned and delivered with the family as the central focus and partner
Rationale: Family-centered care empowers families to be active participants in their child's care
planning, delivery, and evaluation. It does not mean the family makes all decisions or is always present;
rather, the family is a central partner in the healthcare team. Atraumatic care focuses on preventing
harm and minimizing separation.
2. A nurse is implementing atraumatic care for a 4-year-old undergoing a venipuncture. Which action
best exemplifies this principle?
A) Holding the child down firmly to ensure the procedure is done quickly
B) Allowing the child to choose a sticker and hold a toy during the procedure
C) Telling the child it "won't hurt a bit" to reduce anxiety
D) Asking the parents to wait outside to prevent their own anxiety from affecting the child
Correct Answer: Allowing the child to choose a sticker and hold a toy during the procedure
Rationale: Atraumatic care minimizes physical and psychological distress. Allowing the child to hold a toy
and choose a sticker promotes a sense of control and provides distraction. Holding the child down,
giving false reassurance, and separating from parents are not atraumatic.
3. The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant. Which developmental milestone should the infant
demonstrate?
,A) Sit without support
B) Roll from back to side
C) Use a pincer grasp
D) Speak two-word sentences
Correct Answer: Roll from back to side
Rationale: At 4 months, infants typically roll from back to side. Sitting without support occurs around 6–
8 months, the pincer grasp develops at 9–10 months, and two-word sentences emerge around 2 years
of age.
4. A toddler can drink from a cup and builds a tower of four blocks. The nurse estimates the child's age
as:
A) 12 months
B) 24 months
C) 18 months
D) 3 years
Correct Answer: 18 months
Rationale: A child who can drink from a cup and build a tower of four blocks is developmentally around
18 months. Building a tower of two blocks occurs at 12 months, while a 3-year-old can build a tower of
9-10 blocks.
5. According to Erikson, the developmental task of a 4-year-old is:
A) Trust vs mistrust
B) Autonomy vs shame/doubt
C) Initiative vs guilt
D) Industry vs inferiority
, Correct Answer: Initiative vs guilt
Rationale: Initiative vs guilt is the psychosocial task for children ages 3 to 6 years (preschoolers). Trust vs
mistrust is infancy, autonomy vs shame/doubt is toddlerhood, and industry vs inferiority is school age.
6. An adolescent client is being assessed. Which behavior suggests appropriate psychosocial
development?
A) Prefers to spend time alone
B) Thinks about peers' opinions of them
C) Avoids discussing feelings or thoughts
D) Shows excessive dependence on parents
Correct Answer: Thinks about peers' opinions of them
Rationale: Adolescents typically display increased concern for peer acceptance and social identity,
reflecting normal psychosocial development. Peer approval significantly influences self-esteem.
Adolescents also value independence from parents.
7. The nurse is caring for a toddler. Which type of play is characteristic of this age group?
A) Cooperative play
B) Associative play
C) Parallel play
D) Solitary play
Correct Answer: Parallel play
Rationale: Parallel play—playing side by side but not interacting—is characteristic of toddlers (ages 1–3).
Associative play is typical for preschoolers, cooperative play for school-age children, and solitary play for
infants.
8. The nurse is preparing a school-age child for a procedure. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Nursing | Galen College | 2026/2027 Edition (PDF)
1. The nurse is explaining the concept of family-centered care to a new graduate. Which statement by
the graduate indicates correct understanding?
A) "The nurse is the primary decision-maker for the child's health."
B) "Care is planned and delivered with the family as the central focus and partner."
C) "The family's input is valuable but secondary to the medical team's goals."
D) "Family-centered care means the family is always in the room during procedures."
Correct Answer: Care is planned and delivered with the family as the central focus and partner
Rationale: Family-centered care empowers families to be active participants in their child's care
planning, delivery, and evaluation. It does not mean the family makes all decisions or is always present;
rather, the family is a central partner in the healthcare team. Atraumatic care focuses on preventing
harm and minimizing separation.
2. A nurse is implementing atraumatic care for a 4-year-old undergoing a venipuncture. Which action
best exemplifies this principle?
A) Holding the child down firmly to ensure the procedure is done quickly
B) Allowing the child to choose a sticker and hold a toy during the procedure
C) Telling the child it "won't hurt a bit" to reduce anxiety
D) Asking the parents to wait outside to prevent their own anxiety from affecting the child
Correct Answer: Allowing the child to choose a sticker and hold a toy during the procedure
Rationale: Atraumatic care minimizes physical and psychological distress. Allowing the child to hold a toy
and choose a sticker promotes a sense of control and provides distraction. Holding the child down,
giving false reassurance, and separating from parents are not atraumatic.
3. The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant. Which developmental milestone should the infant
demonstrate?
,A) Sit without support
B) Roll from back to side
C) Use a pincer grasp
D) Speak two-word sentences
Correct Answer: Roll from back to side
Rationale: At 4 months, infants typically roll from back to side. Sitting without support occurs around 6–
8 months, the pincer grasp develops at 9–10 months, and two-word sentences emerge around 2 years
of age.
4. A toddler can drink from a cup and builds a tower of four blocks. The nurse estimates the child's age
as:
A) 12 months
B) 24 months
C) 18 months
D) 3 years
Correct Answer: 18 months
Rationale: A child who can drink from a cup and build a tower of four blocks is developmentally around
18 months. Building a tower of two blocks occurs at 12 months, while a 3-year-old can build a tower of
9-10 blocks.
5. According to Erikson, the developmental task of a 4-year-old is:
A) Trust vs mistrust
B) Autonomy vs shame/doubt
C) Initiative vs guilt
D) Industry vs inferiority
, Correct Answer: Initiative vs guilt
Rationale: Initiative vs guilt is the psychosocial task for children ages 3 to 6 years (preschoolers). Trust vs
mistrust is infancy, autonomy vs shame/doubt is toddlerhood, and industry vs inferiority is school age.
6. An adolescent client is being assessed. Which behavior suggests appropriate psychosocial
development?
A) Prefers to spend time alone
B) Thinks about peers' opinions of them
C) Avoids discussing feelings or thoughts
D) Shows excessive dependence on parents
Correct Answer: Thinks about peers' opinions of them
Rationale: Adolescents typically display increased concern for peer acceptance and social identity,
reflecting normal psychosocial development. Peer approval significantly influences self-esteem.
Adolescents also value independence from parents.
7. The nurse is caring for a toddler. Which type of play is characteristic of this age group?
A) Cooperative play
B) Associative play
C) Parallel play
D) Solitary play
Correct Answer: Parallel play
Rationale: Parallel play—playing side by side but not interacting—is characteristic of toddlers (ages 1–3).
Associative play is typical for preschoolers, cooperative play for school-age children, and solitary play for
infants.
8. The nurse is preparing a school-age child for a procedure. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
