Nursing Medications
Study Guide | Medication
Administration,
Pharmacology & NCLEX
Exam Review |
Guaranteed success|
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,umetanide Brand name: Bumex
Therapeutic Effects: diuresis and subsequent mobilization of excess fluid (edema,
pleural effusion)
Therapeutic Classification: diuretics
Pharmacologic Classification: loop diuretics
Bumetanide: Nursing Implications - monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung
sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes
- monitor BP and pulse before and during administration
- assess patients for tinnitus and hearing loss
- assess for allergy to sulfonamides
- assess patient for skin rash frequently during therapy
- geri: assess falls risk and implement fall prevent strategies
Bumetanide: Side Effects CNS: dizziness, encephalopathy, headache
EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus
CV: hypotension
GI: diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting
GU: increased BUN, excessive urination
Derm: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, photosensitivity,
pruritis, rash
Endo: hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia
F and E: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia,
hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, nypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis
MS: arthralgia, muscle cramps, myalgia
Bumetanide: Patient Teaching - caution patient to change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension
- caution patient that drinking alcohol, exercising during hot weather, or standing for
long periods may enhance orthostatic hypotension
- instruct patient to consult health care professional regarding a diet high in
potassium
- advise patient to contact health care professional of gain more than 3 lbs in one
day.
- caution patient to use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent photosensitivity
reactions.
- advise patient to contact health care professional immediately if rash, muscle
weakness, cramps, nausea, dizziness, numbness, or tingling of extremities occurs.
- advise patients with diabetes to monitor blood glucose closely; may cause
increased levels.
- Geri: caution older patients or their caregivers about increased risk for falls;
suggest strategies for fall prevention.
Heparin Brand Name: Hep-Lock, Hep-Lock U/P
Therapeutic Effect:
- prevention of thrombus formation
- prevention of extension of existing thrombi (full dose)
Antidote: Protamine sulfate
Therapeutic Classification: anticoagulants
Pharmacologic Classification: antithrombotics
Heparin: Side Effects GI: drug-induced hepatitis
Derm: alopecia (long-term use), rashes, urticaria
Hemat: bleeding , heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) (with or without
thrombosis), anemia
Local: pain at injection site
MS: osteoporosis (long-term use)
Misc: fever, hypersensitivity
Heparin: Nursing Implications - assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage: bleeding gums; nosebleed; unusual
bruising; black, tarry stools; hematuria; fall in hematocrit or BP; guaiac-positive
stools
- assess patient for evidence of additional or increased thrombosis; symptoms will
depend on area of involvement
- monitor patient for hypersensitivity reactions
- SC: Observe injection sites for hematomas, ecchymosis, or inflammation
, Heparin: Patient Teaching - advise patient to report any symptoms of unusual bleeding or bruising to health
care professional immediately
- instruct patient not to take medications containing aspirin or NSAIDs while on
heparin therapy
- caution patient to avoid IM injections and activities leading to injury and to use a
soft toothbrush and electric razor during heparin therapy
- advise patient to inform health care professional of medication regimen prior to
treatment or surgery
- patients on anticoagulant therapy should carry an identification card with this
information at all times
Nystatin Brand Names: Mycostatin, Nilstat
Therapeutic Effects:
fungistatic or fungicidal action
Spectrum: active against most pathogenic Candida species, including C. albicans
Therapeutic Classification: antifungals (topical/local)
Nystatin: Side Effects GI: diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain (large doses), vomiting
Derm: contact dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Nystatin: Nursing Implications - inspect oral mucous membranes before and frequently throughout therapy
- increased irritation of mucous membranes may indicate need to discontinue
medication
Nystatin: Patient Teaching - therapy should be continued for at least 2 days after symptoms subside
- pedi: instruct parents or caregivers of infants and children on correct dose and
administration; remind them to use only the measuring devise dispensed with the
product
- advise patient to report increased irritation of mucous membranes or lack of
therapeutic response to health care professional
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin Brand Name: HumaLOG
Therapeutic Effects: control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
Therapeutic Classification: antidiabetics, hormones
Pharmacologic Classification: pancreatics
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin: Side Effects Endo: hypoglycemia
Local: lipodystrophy, pruritus, erythema, swelling
Misc: allergic reactions including anaphylaxis
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin: Nursing Implications - assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia:
anxiety; restlessness; tingling in hands, feet, lips, or tongue; chills; cold sweats;
confusion; cool, pale skin; difficulty in concentration; drowsiness; nightmares or
trouble sleeping; excessive hunger; headache; irritability; nausea; nervousness;
tachycardia; tremor; weakness; unsteady gait
- assess for symptoms of hyperglycemia:
confusion, drowsiness; flushed, dry skin; fruit-like breath odor; rapid, deep
breathing, polyuria; loss of appetite; unusual thirst
- monitor body weight periodically; changes in weight may necessitate changes in
insulin dose
Study Guide | Medication
Administration,
Pharmacology & NCLEX
Exam Review |
Guaranteed success|
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,umetanide Brand name: Bumex
Therapeutic Effects: diuresis and subsequent mobilization of excess fluid (edema,
pleural effusion)
Therapeutic Classification: diuretics
Pharmacologic Classification: loop diuretics
Bumetanide: Nursing Implications - monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung
sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes
- monitor BP and pulse before and during administration
- assess patients for tinnitus and hearing loss
- assess for allergy to sulfonamides
- assess patient for skin rash frequently during therapy
- geri: assess falls risk and implement fall prevent strategies
Bumetanide: Side Effects CNS: dizziness, encephalopathy, headache
EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus
CV: hypotension
GI: diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting
GU: increased BUN, excessive urination
Derm: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, photosensitivity,
pruritis, rash
Endo: hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia
F and E: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia,
hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, nypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis
MS: arthralgia, muscle cramps, myalgia
Bumetanide: Patient Teaching - caution patient to change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension
- caution patient that drinking alcohol, exercising during hot weather, or standing for
long periods may enhance orthostatic hypotension
- instruct patient to consult health care professional regarding a diet high in
potassium
- advise patient to contact health care professional of gain more than 3 lbs in one
day.
- caution patient to use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent photosensitivity
reactions.
- advise patient to contact health care professional immediately if rash, muscle
weakness, cramps, nausea, dizziness, numbness, or tingling of extremities occurs.
- advise patients with diabetes to monitor blood glucose closely; may cause
increased levels.
- Geri: caution older patients or their caregivers about increased risk for falls;
suggest strategies for fall prevention.
Heparin Brand Name: Hep-Lock, Hep-Lock U/P
Therapeutic Effect:
- prevention of thrombus formation
- prevention of extension of existing thrombi (full dose)
Antidote: Protamine sulfate
Therapeutic Classification: anticoagulants
Pharmacologic Classification: antithrombotics
Heparin: Side Effects GI: drug-induced hepatitis
Derm: alopecia (long-term use), rashes, urticaria
Hemat: bleeding , heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) (with or without
thrombosis), anemia
Local: pain at injection site
MS: osteoporosis (long-term use)
Misc: fever, hypersensitivity
Heparin: Nursing Implications - assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage: bleeding gums; nosebleed; unusual
bruising; black, tarry stools; hematuria; fall in hematocrit or BP; guaiac-positive
stools
- assess patient for evidence of additional or increased thrombosis; symptoms will
depend on area of involvement
- monitor patient for hypersensitivity reactions
- SC: Observe injection sites for hematomas, ecchymosis, or inflammation
, Heparin: Patient Teaching - advise patient to report any symptoms of unusual bleeding or bruising to health
care professional immediately
- instruct patient not to take medications containing aspirin or NSAIDs while on
heparin therapy
- caution patient to avoid IM injections and activities leading to injury and to use a
soft toothbrush and electric razor during heparin therapy
- advise patient to inform health care professional of medication regimen prior to
treatment or surgery
- patients on anticoagulant therapy should carry an identification card with this
information at all times
Nystatin Brand Names: Mycostatin, Nilstat
Therapeutic Effects:
fungistatic or fungicidal action
Spectrum: active against most pathogenic Candida species, including C. albicans
Therapeutic Classification: antifungals (topical/local)
Nystatin: Side Effects GI: diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain (large doses), vomiting
Derm: contact dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Nystatin: Nursing Implications - inspect oral mucous membranes before and frequently throughout therapy
- increased irritation of mucous membranes may indicate need to discontinue
medication
Nystatin: Patient Teaching - therapy should be continued for at least 2 days after symptoms subside
- pedi: instruct parents or caregivers of infants and children on correct dose and
administration; remind them to use only the measuring devise dispensed with the
product
- advise patient to report increased irritation of mucous membranes or lack of
therapeutic response to health care professional
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin Brand Name: HumaLOG
Therapeutic Effects: control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
Therapeutic Classification: antidiabetics, hormones
Pharmacologic Classification: pancreatics
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin: Side Effects Endo: hypoglycemia
Local: lipodystrophy, pruritus, erythema, swelling
Misc: allergic reactions including anaphylaxis
Lispro Insulin RDNA Origin: Nursing Implications - assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia:
anxiety; restlessness; tingling in hands, feet, lips, or tongue; chills; cold sweats;
confusion; cool, pale skin; difficulty in concentration; drowsiness; nightmares or
trouble sleeping; excessive hunger; headache; irritability; nausea; nervousness;
tachycardia; tremor; weakness; unsteady gait
- assess for symptoms of hyperglycemia:
confusion, drowsiness; flushed, dry skin; fruit-like breath odor; rapid, deep
breathing, polyuria; loss of appetite; unusual thirst
- monitor body weight periodically; changes in weight may necessitate changes in
insulin dose
