DENTAL HYGIENE SCIENTIFIC BASES
UPDATED ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION
●● Which nervous system produces the fight-or-flight reaction?
a. Parasympathetic
b. Sympathetic
c. Peripheral
d. Central
Answer: b. Sympathetic
*The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine to raise the
heart rate and elevate blood pressure, triggering the fight or flight
reaction in a stressful situation.
●● A patient is experiencing symptoms related to Bell's palsy. Which
cranial nerve is suffering from a motor deficit? a. Facial
b. Trigeminal
c. Trochlear
d. Hypoglossal
Answer: a. Facial
,*Bell's palsy causes loss of movement to muscles due to lesions in the
facial nerve. This condition is bilateral and usually is only temporary,
though it may take several weeks prior to returning to normal use.
●● What is mobilized in and out of the blood during bone remodeling?
a. Canaliculi
b. Osteoclasts
c. Calcium
d. Osteoblasts
Answer: c. Calcium
*Calcium is mobilized in and out of the bloodstream during bone
remodeling. This allows new bone formation to occur in areas of the
body where it is needed.
●● Which of the following cranial nerves pass through the foramen
ovale of the sphenoid bone?
a. Trigeminal mandibular
b. Nasopalatine
c. Trigeminal maxillary
d. Abducent
Answer: a. Trigeminal mandibular
*The trigeminal mandibular nerve passes through the foramen ovale of
the sphenoid bone.
,●● The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve passes through the
______.
a. foramen spinosum
b. superior orbital fissure
c. foramen ovale
d. foramen rotundum
Answer: d. foramen rotundum
*The foramen rotundum is the opening that conveys the maxillary
branch of the trigeminal nerve.
●● Which cranial nerve is the longest and extends to the trunk of the
body?
a. Hypoglossal
b. Vagus
c. Facial
d. Trigeminal
Answer: b. Vagus
*The vagus nerve, or cranial nerve X is the longest of all cranial nerves.
It reaches areas of the head and neck as well as the heart and stomach.
●● List the following digestive system structures in order of their
function during digestion of a meal.
a. Stomach
, b. Small intestine
c. Pharynx
d. Large intestine e. Esophagus
Answer: c. Pharynx
e. Esophagus
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
d. Large intestine
●● List the following components of a muscle fiber in order of the
LARGEST component to the SMALLEST component. _____ _____
_____ _____ _____
a. Myofilaments
b. Muscle fascicle
c. Muscle
d. Myofibril
e. Myofiber
Answer: c. Muscle
b. Muscle fascicle e. Myofiber
d. Myofibril
a. Myofilaments
UPDATED ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS FULL SOLUTION
●● Which nervous system produces the fight-or-flight reaction?
a. Parasympathetic
b. Sympathetic
c. Peripheral
d. Central
Answer: b. Sympathetic
*The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine to raise the
heart rate and elevate blood pressure, triggering the fight or flight
reaction in a stressful situation.
●● A patient is experiencing symptoms related to Bell's palsy. Which
cranial nerve is suffering from a motor deficit? a. Facial
b. Trigeminal
c. Trochlear
d. Hypoglossal
Answer: a. Facial
,*Bell's palsy causes loss of movement to muscles due to lesions in the
facial nerve. This condition is bilateral and usually is only temporary,
though it may take several weeks prior to returning to normal use.
●● What is mobilized in and out of the blood during bone remodeling?
a. Canaliculi
b. Osteoclasts
c. Calcium
d. Osteoblasts
Answer: c. Calcium
*Calcium is mobilized in and out of the bloodstream during bone
remodeling. This allows new bone formation to occur in areas of the
body where it is needed.
●● Which of the following cranial nerves pass through the foramen
ovale of the sphenoid bone?
a. Trigeminal mandibular
b. Nasopalatine
c. Trigeminal maxillary
d. Abducent
Answer: a. Trigeminal mandibular
*The trigeminal mandibular nerve passes through the foramen ovale of
the sphenoid bone.
,●● The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve passes through the
______.
a. foramen spinosum
b. superior orbital fissure
c. foramen ovale
d. foramen rotundum
Answer: d. foramen rotundum
*The foramen rotundum is the opening that conveys the maxillary
branch of the trigeminal nerve.
●● Which cranial nerve is the longest and extends to the trunk of the
body?
a. Hypoglossal
b. Vagus
c. Facial
d. Trigeminal
Answer: b. Vagus
*The vagus nerve, or cranial nerve X is the longest of all cranial nerves.
It reaches areas of the head and neck as well as the heart and stomach.
●● List the following digestive system structures in order of their
function during digestion of a meal.
a. Stomach
, b. Small intestine
c. Pharynx
d. Large intestine e. Esophagus
Answer: c. Pharynx
e. Esophagus
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
d. Large intestine
●● List the following components of a muscle fiber in order of the
LARGEST component to the SMALLEST component. _____ _____
_____ _____ _____
a. Myofilaments
b. Muscle fascicle
c. Muscle
d. Myofibril
e. Myofiber
Answer: c. Muscle
b. Muscle fascicle e. Myofiber
d. Myofibril
a. Myofilaments
