INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL INVESTIGATIONS ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW PACKAGE

INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL
INVESTIGATIONS ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS COMPREHENSIVE
REVIEW PACKAGE

●● What is data?
Answer: A fact or proposition used to draw a conclusion or make a
decision; it describes characteristics of an individual.


●● What is variability in data?
Answer: The differences among individuals in a dataset, such as height
or hair color.


●● What is a population in statistics?
Answer: The entire group of individuals to be studied.


●● What is a sample?
Answer: A subset of the population that is being studied.


●● What are descriptive statistics?
Answer: Methods for organizing and summarizing data through
numerical summaries, tables, and graphs.

, ●● What is a statistic?
Answer: A numerical summary based on a sample.


●● What is inferential statistics?
Answer: Methods that extend results from a sample to the population
and measure the reliability of the results.


●● What is a parameter?
Answer: A numerical summary of a population.


●● What is the first step in the process of statistics?
Answer: Identify the research objective.


●● What is the second step in the process of statistics?
Answer: Collect the data needed to answer the research question.


●● What is the third step in the process of statistics?
Answer: Describe the data using descriptive statistics.


●● What is the fourth step in the process of statistics?
Answer: Perform inference to extend results from the sample to the
population.