Correct Answer:
NSG 3100 EXAM 3 GALEN COLLEGE
(2026/2027 REVIEW) NEWEST EXAM 2
VERSIONS WITH 400 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+/ NSG 3100 EXAM 3
2026/2027 Frequently Most Tested Questions and 100%
Accurate From Past papers | Graded A+ , Reviewed and
Updated | 100% Guarantee Pass | Latest Exam and
Newest Version!!!
A nurse is preparing a client for a diagnostic procedure and must verify fasting status.
Which of the following blood tests requires the client to remain NPO prior to specimen
collection?
a. Hemoglobin
b. Prothrombin time
c. Cholesterol
d. Creatinine
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Lipid panels, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density
lipoprotein (HDL), require an 8- to 12-hour fasting period to obtain accurate baseline
values because dietary fat intake can significantly alter results. Hemoglobin, prothrombin
time, and creatinine levels are not significantly affected by recent food intake and do not
require fasting prior to collection.
,Correct Answer:
A client reports following a high-protein, low-carbohydrate dietary regimen for the past
six months. The nurse anticipates that this dietary pattern will most likely affect which of
the following laboratory values?
a. Bilirubin
b. Creatinine
c. Blood urea nitrogen
d. Creatine kinase
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a byproduct of protein metabolism and is directly
influenced by dietary protein intake. A high-protein diet increases BUN levels as the liver
metabolizes amino acids into urea, which is then excreted by the kidneys. Bilirubin
reflects red blood cell breakdown and liver function, creatinine reflects muscle
metabolism, and creatine kinase is an enzyme released from damaged muscle tissue—
none of which are primarily affected by protein intake.
A nurse is participating in a community health fair and is educating attendees about
heart disease prevention. A middle-aged male client asks about optimal lipid profile
targets. Which of the following values represents a recommended lipid level?
a. Total cholesterol greater than 200 mg/dL
b. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) greater than 45 mg/dL
c. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) greater than 100 mg/dL
d. Triglycerides greater than 160 mg/dL
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
An HDL level greater than 45 mg/dL is considered desirable for men, as higher HDL levels
are cardioprotective and associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis. Total
cholesterol should be less than 200 mg/dL, LDL should be less than 100 mg/dL (or less
than 70 mg/dL for high-risk clients), and triglycerides should be less than 150 mg/dL to
minimize cardiovascular risk.
,Correct Answer:
A nurse is providing preprocedure teaching to a client scheduled for a barium swallow
study. Which statements by the client indicate accurate understanding of the upcoming
diagnostic test? (Select all that apply.)
a. "The doctor will be able to view my stomach and intestines during the test."
b. "I should increase my fluid intake after the test is completed."
c. "I will have to drink a contrast agent before the images are taken."
d. "The barium may cause constipation, so I might need a mild laxative afterward."
e. "I will need to remain NPO for 8 hours after the test is finished."
f. "My stools may turn black for a few days following the procedure."
✔️ Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale:
A barium swallow study uses a contrast agent (barium) to visualize the upper
gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Increasing
fluid intake after the test helps eliminate the barium and prevents constipation, which is a
known adverse effect that may require a mild laxative. Clients may remain NPO before
the test but can resume eating after the procedure. Stools may appear light or chalky
white, not black, due to the barium; black stools would suggest upper GI bleeding and
should be reported.
A nurse is reviewing morning laboratory results for a group of clients. Which of the
following values should the nurse prioritize for immediate notification of the primary care
provider?
a. Hemoglobin: 15.6 g/dL
b. Hematocrit: 32%
c. Red blood cells: 5.3 million/mcL
d. White blood cells: 6,000/mm³
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
A hematocrit of 32% is significantly below the normal range for adults (approximately 37-
52% for males and 36-48% for females) and indicates anemia, which may result from
acute blood loss, hemolysis, or bone marrow suppression. This finding requires prompt
evaluation to identify the underlying cause and initiate appropriate interventions. The
other values are within normal limits.
, Correct Answer:
A nurse is providing instructions to a client regarding a 24-hour urine collection for
creatinine clearance testing. Which statement by the client indicates correct
understanding of the procedure?
a. "I will collect all urine from the time the collection begins until it ends."
b. "I will save only a small sample from each time I void during the collection period."
c. "I will clean my perineal area three times before I begin to urinate."
d. "I will discard the first urine specimen and then collect all subsequent urine until the
time period ends."
✔️ Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
For a 24-hour urine collection, the client should discard the first voiding of the morning
and then collect all subsequent urine over the next 24 hours, including the final voiding
at the end of the collection period. This ensures that the entire volume produced during
that timeframe is measured. Collecting all urine from the start without discarding the first
specimen would include urine produced before the collection period began, leading to
inaccurate results.
A nurse is preparing to collect specimens from a client. Which of the following specimens
should be obtained using sterile technique and placed in a sterile container? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Clean-catch urine specimen
b. Stool sample for occult blood testing
c. Wound drainage specimen
d. Sputum specimen for culture
e. Urine specimen from an indwelling Foley catheter
✔️ Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
Clean-catch urine, wound drainage, sputum for culture, and urine from an indwelling
Foley catheter require sterile technique to prevent contamination and ensure accurate
culture and sensitivity results. Stool for occult blood testing does not require sterile
NSG 3100 EXAM 3 GALEN COLLEGE
(2026/2027 REVIEW) NEWEST EXAM 2
VERSIONS WITH 400 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+/ NSG 3100 EXAM 3
2026/2027 Frequently Most Tested Questions and 100%
Accurate From Past papers | Graded A+ , Reviewed and
Updated | 100% Guarantee Pass | Latest Exam and
Newest Version!!!
A nurse is preparing a client for a diagnostic procedure and must verify fasting status.
Which of the following blood tests requires the client to remain NPO prior to specimen
collection?
a. Hemoglobin
b. Prothrombin time
c. Cholesterol
d. Creatinine
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Lipid panels, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density
lipoprotein (HDL), require an 8- to 12-hour fasting period to obtain accurate baseline
values because dietary fat intake can significantly alter results. Hemoglobin, prothrombin
time, and creatinine levels are not significantly affected by recent food intake and do not
require fasting prior to collection.
,Correct Answer:
A client reports following a high-protein, low-carbohydrate dietary regimen for the past
six months. The nurse anticipates that this dietary pattern will most likely affect which of
the following laboratory values?
a. Bilirubin
b. Creatinine
c. Blood urea nitrogen
d. Creatine kinase
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a byproduct of protein metabolism and is directly
influenced by dietary protein intake. A high-protein diet increases BUN levels as the liver
metabolizes amino acids into urea, which is then excreted by the kidneys. Bilirubin
reflects red blood cell breakdown and liver function, creatinine reflects muscle
metabolism, and creatine kinase is an enzyme released from damaged muscle tissue—
none of which are primarily affected by protein intake.
A nurse is participating in a community health fair and is educating attendees about
heart disease prevention. A middle-aged male client asks about optimal lipid profile
targets. Which of the following values represents a recommended lipid level?
a. Total cholesterol greater than 200 mg/dL
b. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) greater than 45 mg/dL
c. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) greater than 100 mg/dL
d. Triglycerides greater than 160 mg/dL
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
An HDL level greater than 45 mg/dL is considered desirable for men, as higher HDL levels
are cardioprotective and associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis. Total
cholesterol should be less than 200 mg/dL, LDL should be less than 100 mg/dL (or less
than 70 mg/dL for high-risk clients), and triglycerides should be less than 150 mg/dL to
minimize cardiovascular risk.
,Correct Answer:
A nurse is providing preprocedure teaching to a client scheduled for a barium swallow
study. Which statements by the client indicate accurate understanding of the upcoming
diagnostic test? (Select all that apply.)
a. "The doctor will be able to view my stomach and intestines during the test."
b. "I should increase my fluid intake after the test is completed."
c. "I will have to drink a contrast agent before the images are taken."
d. "The barium may cause constipation, so I might need a mild laxative afterward."
e. "I will need to remain NPO for 8 hours after the test is finished."
f. "My stools may turn black for a few days following the procedure."
✔️ Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale:
A barium swallow study uses a contrast agent (barium) to visualize the upper
gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Increasing
fluid intake after the test helps eliminate the barium and prevents constipation, which is a
known adverse effect that may require a mild laxative. Clients may remain NPO before
the test but can resume eating after the procedure. Stools may appear light or chalky
white, not black, due to the barium; black stools would suggest upper GI bleeding and
should be reported.
A nurse is reviewing morning laboratory results for a group of clients. Which of the
following values should the nurse prioritize for immediate notification of the primary care
provider?
a. Hemoglobin: 15.6 g/dL
b. Hematocrit: 32%
c. Red blood cells: 5.3 million/mcL
d. White blood cells: 6,000/mm³
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
A hematocrit of 32% is significantly below the normal range for adults (approximately 37-
52% for males and 36-48% for females) and indicates anemia, which may result from
acute blood loss, hemolysis, or bone marrow suppression. This finding requires prompt
evaluation to identify the underlying cause and initiate appropriate interventions. The
other values are within normal limits.
, Correct Answer:
A nurse is providing instructions to a client regarding a 24-hour urine collection for
creatinine clearance testing. Which statement by the client indicates correct
understanding of the procedure?
a. "I will collect all urine from the time the collection begins until it ends."
b. "I will save only a small sample from each time I void during the collection period."
c. "I will clean my perineal area three times before I begin to urinate."
d. "I will discard the first urine specimen and then collect all subsequent urine until the
time period ends."
✔️ Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
For a 24-hour urine collection, the client should discard the first voiding of the morning
and then collect all subsequent urine over the next 24 hours, including the final voiding
at the end of the collection period. This ensures that the entire volume produced during
that timeframe is measured. Collecting all urine from the start without discarding the first
specimen would include urine produced before the collection period began, leading to
inaccurate results.
A nurse is preparing to collect specimens from a client. Which of the following specimens
should be obtained using sterile technique and placed in a sterile container? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Clean-catch urine specimen
b. Stool sample for occult blood testing
c. Wound drainage specimen
d. Sputum specimen for culture
e. Urine specimen from an indwelling Foley catheter
✔️ Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
Clean-catch urine, wound drainage, sputum for culture, and urine from an indwelling
Foley catheter require sterile technique to prevent contamination and ensure accurate
culture and sensitivity results. Stool for occult blood testing does not require sterile
