JR 101 Final [2026/2027] | UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Question and Answer | A+ Verified
• T/F: the patella serves as a fulcrum for the quadriceps muscles and provides a
mechanical advantage to help the quadriceps function more efficiently. -✓✓ True
• If you are standing, and take your index finger, and slide it down your thigh until
it contacts the
patella, the portion of the patella that you first contact is the: -✓✓ Base
• How many articulations exist within the knee joint (excluding the fibula)? -✓✓ 3
• The knee joint is a modified hinge joint that is also a _________ joint. -✓✓
Synovial
• The ligaments of the knee can be divided into two groups: -✓✓
extracapsular/intraarticular
• True or false : the posterior cruciate ligament is intraarticular -✓✓ True
• True or false: the primary function of the quadriceps muscle group is to extend
the knee. -✓✓ True
• True or false : the primary function of the hamstring muscle group is to flex the
knee. -✓✓ True
,• The hamstring muscle group includes: -✓✓ biceps femoris, semitendinosus,
semimembranosus
• If a surgeon commented that a particular femoral condyle was "hypertrophic", the
condyle has: -✓✓ increased in size
• Anatomical position denotes the patient standing, with ______________: -✓✓
arms extended at the sides/palms facing forward
• The sagittal plane divides the body into__________ halves : -✓✓ left and right
• If a patient is laying face up on an operating table, he/she is in the ________
position. -✓✓ supine
• A surgeon is examining an x-ray image that includes a patient's right knee joint.
The "contralateral" side is: -✓✓ the left knee
• This soft type of bone exists in the epiphyseal/metaphyseal regions of long
bones........... -✓✓ cancellous
• When we discuss "bone changes in form and function due to mechanical stresses
and the force of
muscular tension placed on it" ----- we are discussing: -✓✓ Wolff's Law
• The flexible connective tissue found on joint surfaces which allows joint surfaces
to slide against
one another is called: -✓✓ cartilage
, • The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones is: -✓✓
Ligament
• The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee originates on... -✓✓ the lateral femoral
condyle and inserts on the anterior surface of the tibial plateau
• The posterior cruciate ligament in the knee originates on... -✓✓ the medial
femoral condyle and inserts on the posterior surface of the tibial plateau
• True or false: The two points of attachment for the medial collateral ligament are
the distal medial
femoral condyle and the proximal fibular head. -✓✓ false
• A tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone
and is capable of
withstanding tension is known as: -✓✓ Tendon
• True or false: The point of origin of a muscle is a location where a muscle can
move. -✓✓ false
• The main function of cortical (compact) bone is to provide ________. -✓✓
Strength
• Bilateral means: -✓✓ Occurring on both sides of the body
• Ipsilateral means: -✓✓ Occurring on the same side of the body
Exam Question and Answer | A+ Verified
• T/F: the patella serves as a fulcrum for the quadriceps muscles and provides a
mechanical advantage to help the quadriceps function more efficiently. -✓✓ True
• If you are standing, and take your index finger, and slide it down your thigh until
it contacts the
patella, the portion of the patella that you first contact is the: -✓✓ Base
• How many articulations exist within the knee joint (excluding the fibula)? -✓✓ 3
• The knee joint is a modified hinge joint that is also a _________ joint. -✓✓
Synovial
• The ligaments of the knee can be divided into two groups: -✓✓
extracapsular/intraarticular
• True or false : the posterior cruciate ligament is intraarticular -✓✓ True
• True or false: the primary function of the quadriceps muscle group is to extend
the knee. -✓✓ True
• True or false : the primary function of the hamstring muscle group is to flex the
knee. -✓✓ True
,• The hamstring muscle group includes: -✓✓ biceps femoris, semitendinosus,
semimembranosus
• If a surgeon commented that a particular femoral condyle was "hypertrophic", the
condyle has: -✓✓ increased in size
• Anatomical position denotes the patient standing, with ______________: -✓✓
arms extended at the sides/palms facing forward
• The sagittal plane divides the body into__________ halves : -✓✓ left and right
• If a patient is laying face up on an operating table, he/she is in the ________
position. -✓✓ supine
• A surgeon is examining an x-ray image that includes a patient's right knee joint.
The "contralateral" side is: -✓✓ the left knee
• This soft type of bone exists in the epiphyseal/metaphyseal regions of long
bones........... -✓✓ cancellous
• When we discuss "bone changes in form and function due to mechanical stresses
and the force of
muscular tension placed on it" ----- we are discussing: -✓✓ Wolff's Law
• The flexible connective tissue found on joint surfaces which allows joint surfaces
to slide against
one another is called: -✓✓ cartilage
, • The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones is: -✓✓
Ligament
• The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee originates on... -✓✓ the lateral femoral
condyle and inserts on the anterior surface of the tibial plateau
• The posterior cruciate ligament in the knee originates on... -✓✓ the medial
femoral condyle and inserts on the posterior surface of the tibial plateau
• True or false: The two points of attachment for the medial collateral ligament are
the distal medial
femoral condyle and the proximal fibular head. -✓✓ false
• A tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone
and is capable of
withstanding tension is known as: -✓✓ Tendon
• True or false: The point of origin of a muscle is a location where a muscle can
move. -✓✓ false
• The main function of cortical (compact) bone is to provide ________. -✓✓
Strength
• Bilateral means: -✓✓ Occurring on both sides of the body
• Ipsilateral means: -✓✓ Occurring on the same side of the body
