Genetics Exam 2 Complete Study
Questions with 100% Correct
Already Graded A+
1. linked genes - ANSWER Genes located on the same chromosome that tend
to be inherited together in genetic crosses.
2. non recombinant gamete - ANSWER Gametes that only contain original
combination of alleles, no crossing over
3. LOD scoring - ANSWER a statistical test often used for linkage analysis in
human, animal, and plant populations
4. genetic linkage - ANSWER tendency for alleles of genes on the same
chromosome to be inherited together
5. linkage analysis - ANSWER Gene mapping based on the detection of
physical linkage between genes, as measured by the rate of recombination,
in progeny from a cross
6. haplotype - ANSWER A group of alleles of different genes on a single
chromosome that are closely enough linked to be inherited usually as a unit
7. single nucleotide polymorphism - ANSWER variation in a DNA sequence
occurring when a single nucleotide in a genome is altered
,8. deletion mapping - ANSWER Technique for determining the chromosomal
location of a gene by studying the association of its phenotype or product
with particular chromosome deletions
9. chromosome duplication - ANSWER Mutation that doubles a segment of a
chromosome.
10.tandem duplication - ANSWER type of duplication where doubled regions
right next to original
11.chromosome deletion - ANSWER loss of a chromosome segment
12.pseudo dominance - ANSWER The phenotypic expression of a single
recessive allele resulting from deletion of a dominant allele on the
homologous chromosome
13.haploin
14.sufficient gene - ANSWER occurs when a diploid organism has only a
single functional copy of a gene and the single functional copy does not
produce enough of a gene product to bring about a wild-type condition,
leading to an abnormal or diseased state
15.chromosome inversion - ANSWER The detachment, 180° rotation, and
reinsertion of a chromosome arm
16.position effect - ANSWER Dependence of the expression of a gene on the
gene's location in the genome
,17.translocation - ANSWER The process in which a segment of a chromosome
breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.
18.Robertsonian translocation - ANSWER Nonreciprocal chromosomal
translocation that commonly involves chromosome pairs 13, 14, 15, 21, and
22. One of the most common types of translocation. Occurs when the long
arms of two acrocentric chromosomes (chromosomes w/ the centromeres
near the ends) fuse at the centromere and the 2 short arms are lost.
19.fragile X syndrome - ANSWER X-linked defect affecting the methylation
and expression of the FMR1 gene. Associated w/ chromosomal breakage.
The 2nd most common cause of genetic mental retardation (after Down
syndrome). Trinucleotide repeat disorder (CGG)
20.copy number variation - ANSWER the phenomenon of duplication or
deletion of segments of DNA within a genome, so that different individuals
have different numbers of copies of a particular DNA segment
21.aneuploidy - ANSWER Abnormal number of chromosomes.
22.non recombinant progeny - ANSWER Possesses the original combinations
of traits possessed by the parents
23.recombinant progeny - ANSWER The progeny with new combinations of
traits formed from recombinant gametes.
24.recombinant frequency - ANSWER the proportion of offspring of a genetic
cross that have phenotypes different from the parental phenotypes due to
crossing over between linked genes during gamete formation
, 25.coupling - ANSWER Most prevalent gametes are those with two dominant
alleles or those with two recessive alleles. Favors homozygous
26.repulsion - ANSWER Gametes containing one dominant and one recessive
allele will be must abundant. Favors heterozygous
27.genetic map - ANSWER An ordered list of genetic loci (genes or other
genetic markers) along a chromosome.
28.physical map - ANSWER A genetic map in which the actual physical
distances between genes or other genetic markers are expressed, usually as
the number of base pairs along the DNA.
29.map unit - ANSWER The distance on a chromosome within which
recombination occurs 1 percent of the time
30.centimorgan - ANSWER map unit used to measure distance between genes
on a chromosome; one unit of this corresponds to a 1% chance of
recombination occurring between two genes
31.two point test cross - ANSWER A test cross used to identify genetic linkage
between two genes and to determine the recombination frequency between
the linked genes
32.three point test cross - ANSWER A test cross designed to identify genetic
linkage between three genes and to determine the recombination frequency
between the linked genes
33.interference - ANSWER A measure of the independence of crossovers from
each other, calculated by subtracting the coefficient of coincidence from 1
Questions with 100% Correct
Already Graded A+
1. linked genes - ANSWER Genes located on the same chromosome that tend
to be inherited together in genetic crosses.
2. non recombinant gamete - ANSWER Gametes that only contain original
combination of alleles, no crossing over
3. LOD scoring - ANSWER a statistical test often used for linkage analysis in
human, animal, and plant populations
4. genetic linkage - ANSWER tendency for alleles of genes on the same
chromosome to be inherited together
5. linkage analysis - ANSWER Gene mapping based on the detection of
physical linkage between genes, as measured by the rate of recombination,
in progeny from a cross
6. haplotype - ANSWER A group of alleles of different genes on a single
chromosome that are closely enough linked to be inherited usually as a unit
7. single nucleotide polymorphism - ANSWER variation in a DNA sequence
occurring when a single nucleotide in a genome is altered
,8. deletion mapping - ANSWER Technique for determining the chromosomal
location of a gene by studying the association of its phenotype or product
with particular chromosome deletions
9. chromosome duplication - ANSWER Mutation that doubles a segment of a
chromosome.
10.tandem duplication - ANSWER type of duplication where doubled regions
right next to original
11.chromosome deletion - ANSWER loss of a chromosome segment
12.pseudo dominance - ANSWER The phenotypic expression of a single
recessive allele resulting from deletion of a dominant allele on the
homologous chromosome
13.haploin
14.sufficient gene - ANSWER occurs when a diploid organism has only a
single functional copy of a gene and the single functional copy does not
produce enough of a gene product to bring about a wild-type condition,
leading to an abnormal or diseased state
15.chromosome inversion - ANSWER The detachment, 180° rotation, and
reinsertion of a chromosome arm
16.position effect - ANSWER Dependence of the expression of a gene on the
gene's location in the genome
,17.translocation - ANSWER The process in which a segment of a chromosome
breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.
18.Robertsonian translocation - ANSWER Nonreciprocal chromosomal
translocation that commonly involves chromosome pairs 13, 14, 15, 21, and
22. One of the most common types of translocation. Occurs when the long
arms of two acrocentric chromosomes (chromosomes w/ the centromeres
near the ends) fuse at the centromere and the 2 short arms are lost.
19.fragile X syndrome - ANSWER X-linked defect affecting the methylation
and expression of the FMR1 gene. Associated w/ chromosomal breakage.
The 2nd most common cause of genetic mental retardation (after Down
syndrome). Trinucleotide repeat disorder (CGG)
20.copy number variation - ANSWER the phenomenon of duplication or
deletion of segments of DNA within a genome, so that different individuals
have different numbers of copies of a particular DNA segment
21.aneuploidy - ANSWER Abnormal number of chromosomes.
22.non recombinant progeny - ANSWER Possesses the original combinations
of traits possessed by the parents
23.recombinant progeny - ANSWER The progeny with new combinations of
traits formed from recombinant gametes.
24.recombinant frequency - ANSWER the proportion of offspring of a genetic
cross that have phenotypes different from the parental phenotypes due to
crossing over between linked genes during gamete formation
, 25.coupling - ANSWER Most prevalent gametes are those with two dominant
alleles or those with two recessive alleles. Favors homozygous
26.repulsion - ANSWER Gametes containing one dominant and one recessive
allele will be must abundant. Favors heterozygous
27.genetic map - ANSWER An ordered list of genetic loci (genes or other
genetic markers) along a chromosome.
28.physical map - ANSWER A genetic map in which the actual physical
distances between genes or other genetic markers are expressed, usually as
the number of base pairs along the DNA.
29.map unit - ANSWER The distance on a chromosome within which
recombination occurs 1 percent of the time
30.centimorgan - ANSWER map unit used to measure distance between genes
on a chromosome; one unit of this corresponds to a 1% chance of
recombination occurring between two genes
31.two point test cross - ANSWER A test cross used to identify genetic linkage
between two genes and to determine the recombination frequency between
the linked genes
32.three point test cross - ANSWER A test cross designed to identify genetic
linkage between three genes and to determine the recombination frequency
between the linked genes
33.interference - ANSWER A measure of the independence of crossovers from
each other, calculated by subtracting the coefficient of coincidence from 1
