GISCI Certification Study Guide Questions and
Answers A+ Grade 2026/2027 | Complete
Certification Exam Study Guide
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
all data is taken from a 3D global and transferred to a 2D surface through
spatial transformations (projections and datums) which causes distortions
with the data
Choose an answer
1 map accuracy 2 noise
3 imprecision 4 maps projection
Don't know?
Terms in this set (49)
, distance how far the object away from the reference
object is
euclidean distance exact distance between two coordinates sqrt((x1-
x2)^2+y1+y2)^2))
Manhattan distance vertical plus horizontal distance - abs(x1-x2) +
abs(y1-y2)
internal direction where an object is located inside the reference
object
external direction where the object is located outside of the
reference object
spatial model basic properties and process for a set of spatial
features
vector points, lines, polygons
raster composed of rectangular arrays of regularly
spaced square grid cells and each cell has a
value
Answers A+ Grade 2026/2027 | Complete
Certification Exam Study Guide
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
all data is taken from a 3D global and transferred to a 2D surface through
spatial transformations (projections and datums) which causes distortions
with the data
Choose an answer
1 map accuracy 2 noise
3 imprecision 4 maps projection
Don't know?
Terms in this set (49)
, distance how far the object away from the reference
object is
euclidean distance exact distance between two coordinates sqrt((x1-
x2)^2+y1+y2)^2))
Manhattan distance vertical plus horizontal distance - abs(x1-x2) +
abs(y1-y2)
internal direction where an object is located inside the reference
object
external direction where the object is located outside of the
reference object
spatial model basic properties and process for a set of spatial
features
vector points, lines, polygons
raster composed of rectangular arrays of regularly
spaced square grid cells and each cell has a
value
