NUR 232 PEDS EXAMS 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SET A+
✔✔Eye Drop Medication Administration -✔✔-WASH HANDS
explain to child
-tell child it may tingle or feel cold
Have child wash hands and do not rub eye
-gently shake
-have child tilt head back and look up
-gently wipe drainage from INNER to OUTTER
-place index finger on lower eyelid and gently pull down
-gently squeeze from into inside of lower side (DO not touch dropper to eye)
-wait 5-10 minutes between each drop
DO NOT DROP FROM HIGH LEVEL
✔✔Eye drop in infant -✔✔place drops in nasal corner and then have child open eyes
and allow to flow into eye
✔✔Eye ointment administration -✔✔apply small amount inside lower lid start at lid
closest to the nose
-have child keep eye closed for 15 seconds
✔✔Epinephrine when to use -✔✔use when
-trouble breathing
-tight hoarse, scratchy throat
-wheezing/ repeated cough/ SOB
-swollen tongue/ slurred speech/ blue colored lips
-severe swelling/ itching/hives
-vomiting
✔✔Epinephrine how to use -✔✔ALWAYS HAVE TWO INJECTORS
-practice using trainer/ teach anyone who cares for child/comes in contact
DO NOT LEAVE IN HOT CARE
ALWAYS CALL 911 AFTER USE
,✔✔Epinephrine injection -✔✔Inject into mid outer thigh
-hold leg firmly
-can be given through clothes if needed
SECOND DOSE GIVEN 5-10 MINUTES AFTER
can give inhalers/Benadryl after use of epinephrine but will not treat severe reactions
✔✔Epinephrine education -✔✔always carry with you
-do not store in refrigerator or hot care
-keep at room temp
-check expiration date
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes -✔✔Consequences depend on certain imbalances
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes risk factors -✔✔Conditions
-vomiting
-diarrhea
-malabsoprtion
-fever
-inadequate or excessive intake of fluid/electrolytes
-inadequate or excessive water intake
Adverse effects from medications
-diuretics
-laxatives
-antacids
-corticosteroids
-iV
-blood transfusions
Acute medical conditions
-hemorrhage
-burns
-crush injuries
-head injuries
-acute pancreatitis
-acute kidney injury
Chronic medical conditions
-heart failure
-DM
-cancer
-oliguric renal disease
-alcoholism
-eating disorder
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes populations at risk -✔✔Infants
-have high metabolic rates
-immature kidneys (less able to handle large quantities of water)
, -Higher BSA (means made up of more water)
-more rapid respiratory rates
-ingest/excrete greater amounts of fluid
Children- have greater need for water
✔✔increased requirements for fluid -✔✔-fever
-vomiting/diarrhea
-high-ouput kidney failure
-DKA
-burns
-schock
-tachypnea
-radiant warmers
-phototherapy
-post op surgeries (Gastro)
✔✔Decreased requirements for fluid -✔✔-HF
-SIAH
-mechanical ventilation
-Post op
-oliguric renal failure
-Increased intracranial pressure
✔✔Dehydration -✔✔total output of fluid exceeds intake of fluid
✔✔Mild dehydration -✔✔weight loss- 3-5%
normal pulse
normal resp. rate
normal BP
normal behavior
slight thirst
normal mucous membranes
tears present
normal fontanel
external jugular vein is visible when supine
skin cap refill > 2seconds
urine decreased
✔✔Moderate dehydration -✔✔weight loss 6-9%
pulse slightly increased
slight tachypnea
normal to orthostatic BP (>10 mm)
behavior-irritable/more thirsty
moderate thirst
dry mucous membranes
decreased tears
SET A+
✔✔Eye Drop Medication Administration -✔✔-WASH HANDS
explain to child
-tell child it may tingle or feel cold
Have child wash hands and do not rub eye
-gently shake
-have child tilt head back and look up
-gently wipe drainage from INNER to OUTTER
-place index finger on lower eyelid and gently pull down
-gently squeeze from into inside of lower side (DO not touch dropper to eye)
-wait 5-10 minutes between each drop
DO NOT DROP FROM HIGH LEVEL
✔✔Eye drop in infant -✔✔place drops in nasal corner and then have child open eyes
and allow to flow into eye
✔✔Eye ointment administration -✔✔apply small amount inside lower lid start at lid
closest to the nose
-have child keep eye closed for 15 seconds
✔✔Epinephrine when to use -✔✔use when
-trouble breathing
-tight hoarse, scratchy throat
-wheezing/ repeated cough/ SOB
-swollen tongue/ slurred speech/ blue colored lips
-severe swelling/ itching/hives
-vomiting
✔✔Epinephrine how to use -✔✔ALWAYS HAVE TWO INJECTORS
-practice using trainer/ teach anyone who cares for child/comes in contact
DO NOT LEAVE IN HOT CARE
ALWAYS CALL 911 AFTER USE
,✔✔Epinephrine injection -✔✔Inject into mid outer thigh
-hold leg firmly
-can be given through clothes if needed
SECOND DOSE GIVEN 5-10 MINUTES AFTER
can give inhalers/Benadryl after use of epinephrine but will not treat severe reactions
✔✔Epinephrine education -✔✔always carry with you
-do not store in refrigerator or hot care
-keep at room temp
-check expiration date
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes -✔✔Consequences depend on certain imbalances
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes risk factors -✔✔Conditions
-vomiting
-diarrhea
-malabsoprtion
-fever
-inadequate or excessive intake of fluid/electrolytes
-inadequate or excessive water intake
Adverse effects from medications
-diuretics
-laxatives
-antacids
-corticosteroids
-iV
-blood transfusions
Acute medical conditions
-hemorrhage
-burns
-crush injuries
-head injuries
-acute pancreatitis
-acute kidney injury
Chronic medical conditions
-heart failure
-DM
-cancer
-oliguric renal disease
-alcoholism
-eating disorder
✔✔Fluid and electrolytes populations at risk -✔✔Infants
-have high metabolic rates
-immature kidneys (less able to handle large quantities of water)
, -Higher BSA (means made up of more water)
-more rapid respiratory rates
-ingest/excrete greater amounts of fluid
Children- have greater need for water
✔✔increased requirements for fluid -✔✔-fever
-vomiting/diarrhea
-high-ouput kidney failure
-DKA
-burns
-schock
-tachypnea
-radiant warmers
-phototherapy
-post op surgeries (Gastro)
✔✔Decreased requirements for fluid -✔✔-HF
-SIAH
-mechanical ventilation
-Post op
-oliguric renal failure
-Increased intracranial pressure
✔✔Dehydration -✔✔total output of fluid exceeds intake of fluid
✔✔Mild dehydration -✔✔weight loss- 3-5%
normal pulse
normal resp. rate
normal BP
normal behavior
slight thirst
normal mucous membranes
tears present
normal fontanel
external jugular vein is visible when supine
skin cap refill > 2seconds
urine decreased
✔✔Moderate dehydration -✔✔weight loss 6-9%
pulse slightly increased
slight tachypnea
normal to orthostatic BP (>10 mm)
behavior-irritable/more thirsty
moderate thirst
dry mucous membranes
decreased tears
