NUR 209 CHAPTERS 10 & 11 – NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS &
EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027
immunocompetence - correct answer ✔✔when a threat to the immune system occurs, it stimulate
certain physiologic responses to protect the body against invasion from microorganisms or toxins
s/s of toxoplasmosis - correct answer ✔✔flu-like symptoms
inflammatory response
altered LOC
photophobia
How is HIV transmitted from person to person? - correct answer ✔✔exposure to HIV-infected blood,
body fluids, or tissue
What is the malignancy that occurs in HIV? - correct answer ✔✔kaposi sarcoma
Dietary considerations for HIV - correct answer ✔✔multiple small meals
increased protein
nutritional supplements
Things to avoid if you have HIV - correct answer ✔✔crowds
others with s/s of infection
traveling to areas w/poor health care facilities
digging in soil/working with plants
stress
raw foods, unwashed foods
Pt teaching on HIV - correct answer ✔✔hand hygiene frequently
wash armpits, groin, genitals, & anal area 2X/day w/antimicrobial soap
adequate rest daily
take temp once/day
take meds as prescribes
do not have unprotected sex
do not share needles/syringes
opportunistic infections RT HIV - correct answer ✔✔Herpes Simplex 1 & 2, Varicella-zoster,
Cytomegalovirus, Hep B & C, Mycobacterium TB, Mycobacterium avian complex (MAC), Cryptococcosis,
Histoplasmosis, Coccidiomycosis, Candidiasis, Pneymocystis Jiroveci, Toxoplasmosis, Cryptosporidiosis
HIV 1 - correct answer ✔✔most common in US, Europe, & Asia
HIV 2 - correct answer ✔✔widespread in West Africa
spreads slowly
has a lower plasma viral load
takes longer to incubate
lesser risk of developing AIDS
, common infections in pt who has HIV - correct answer ✔✔thrush, skin DO, night sweats, swollen lymph
glands, unintentional wt loss
what lab is the indicator for progression of HIV? - correct answer ✔✔CD4
normal value of CD4? - correct answer ✔✔500 to 1500 cells/uL
what value of CD4 prompt treatment? - correct answer ✔✔BELOW 350 cells/uL
what value of CD4 if accompanied by opportunistic infection, confirms the diagnosis of AIDS? - correct
answer ✔✔BELOW 200 cells/uL
safety for HCO working with HIV patients - correct answer ✔✔isolation precautions
PPE
strict hand hygiene
s/s kaposi sarcoma - correct answer ✔✔topical skin discoloration - pink to red to purple w/the lesions
darkening over time
can be found inside mouth, lungs, & intestines
neurologic complications w/progressive HIV - correct answer ✔✔HIV encephalopathy
AIDS Dementia
subtle start & hard to differentiate from depression, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's
s/s of AIDS dementia complex - correct answer ✔✔mild-severe memory impairment
personality changes, hallucinations, leg weakness, loss of balance, & slower responses
What is the common complication of HIV/AIDS? - correct answer ✔✔AIDS Dementia Complex
What opportunistic infection is RT pets that a patient might have in their home? - correct answer
✔✔toxoplasmosis
What is the link between cats and toxoplasmosis? - correct answer ✔✔humans becomes infected by
contact with cat feces
patient teaching for toxoplasmosis - correct answer ✔✔wash hands
avoid undercooked raw meats
avoid cat litter boxes
s/s of wasting syndrome - correct answer ✔✔>10% wt loss w/at LEAST 30 days of EITHER diarrhea or
weakness accompanied by fever
loss of body fat & muscle mass
decreased appetite, inability to absorb nutrients
ALTERED METABOLISM
nursing dx for AIDS - correct answer ✔✔infection - priority
EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027
immunocompetence - correct answer ✔✔when a threat to the immune system occurs, it stimulate
certain physiologic responses to protect the body against invasion from microorganisms or toxins
s/s of toxoplasmosis - correct answer ✔✔flu-like symptoms
inflammatory response
altered LOC
photophobia
How is HIV transmitted from person to person? - correct answer ✔✔exposure to HIV-infected blood,
body fluids, or tissue
What is the malignancy that occurs in HIV? - correct answer ✔✔kaposi sarcoma
Dietary considerations for HIV - correct answer ✔✔multiple small meals
increased protein
nutritional supplements
Things to avoid if you have HIV - correct answer ✔✔crowds
others with s/s of infection
traveling to areas w/poor health care facilities
digging in soil/working with plants
stress
raw foods, unwashed foods
Pt teaching on HIV - correct answer ✔✔hand hygiene frequently
wash armpits, groin, genitals, & anal area 2X/day w/antimicrobial soap
adequate rest daily
take temp once/day
take meds as prescribes
do not have unprotected sex
do not share needles/syringes
opportunistic infections RT HIV - correct answer ✔✔Herpes Simplex 1 & 2, Varicella-zoster,
Cytomegalovirus, Hep B & C, Mycobacterium TB, Mycobacterium avian complex (MAC), Cryptococcosis,
Histoplasmosis, Coccidiomycosis, Candidiasis, Pneymocystis Jiroveci, Toxoplasmosis, Cryptosporidiosis
HIV 1 - correct answer ✔✔most common in US, Europe, & Asia
HIV 2 - correct answer ✔✔widespread in West Africa
spreads slowly
has a lower plasma viral load
takes longer to incubate
lesser risk of developing AIDS
, common infections in pt who has HIV - correct answer ✔✔thrush, skin DO, night sweats, swollen lymph
glands, unintentional wt loss
what lab is the indicator for progression of HIV? - correct answer ✔✔CD4
normal value of CD4? - correct answer ✔✔500 to 1500 cells/uL
what value of CD4 prompt treatment? - correct answer ✔✔BELOW 350 cells/uL
what value of CD4 if accompanied by opportunistic infection, confirms the diagnosis of AIDS? - correct
answer ✔✔BELOW 200 cells/uL
safety for HCO working with HIV patients - correct answer ✔✔isolation precautions
PPE
strict hand hygiene
s/s kaposi sarcoma - correct answer ✔✔topical skin discoloration - pink to red to purple w/the lesions
darkening over time
can be found inside mouth, lungs, & intestines
neurologic complications w/progressive HIV - correct answer ✔✔HIV encephalopathy
AIDS Dementia
subtle start & hard to differentiate from depression, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's
s/s of AIDS dementia complex - correct answer ✔✔mild-severe memory impairment
personality changes, hallucinations, leg weakness, loss of balance, & slower responses
What is the common complication of HIV/AIDS? - correct answer ✔✔AIDS Dementia Complex
What opportunistic infection is RT pets that a patient might have in their home? - correct answer
✔✔toxoplasmosis
What is the link between cats and toxoplasmosis? - correct answer ✔✔humans becomes infected by
contact with cat feces
patient teaching for toxoplasmosis - correct answer ✔✔wash hands
avoid undercooked raw meats
avoid cat litter boxes
s/s of wasting syndrome - correct answer ✔✔>10% wt loss w/at LEAST 30 days of EITHER diarrhea or
weakness accompanied by fever
loss of body fat & muscle mass
decreased appetite, inability to absorb nutrients
ALTERED METABOLISM
nursing dx for AIDS - correct answer ✔✔infection - priority
