Exam 4 Review Guide: Foundations of Nursing (NUR 155) |
Questions & Answers | Latest Fall 2026.
1. A patient reports that their medication is a different color than the one taken at home.
A. Tell the patient to take the pill anyway.
B. Explain that generic brands often change colors.
C. Leave the pill at the bedside while checking the chart.
D. Recheck the medication orders to ensure accuracy.
Correct Answer: D. Recheck the medication orders to ensure accuracy.
2. A primary care provider prescribes 0.15 mg of digoxin intravenously, and the medication is
available in a concentration of 400 micrograms per mL.
A. 0.38 mL
B. 0.25 mL
C. 1.2 mL
D. 0.5 mL
Correct Answer: A. 0.38 mL
3. Which learning activity best reflects Bloom’s affective domain?
A. Recalling the side effects of a medication.
B. Administering a subcutaneous injection.
C. Accepting the loss of a limb.
D. Inserting a urinary catheter.
Correct Answer: C. Accepting the loss of a limb.
4. When providing written educational materials to a client, at what grade level should the
content be written?
A. 3rd grade
B. 5th grade
C. 12th grade
D. 8th grade
Correct Answer: B. 5th grade
5. A nurse observes a terminally ill patient talking to a deceased loved one in an empty room.
What is the best action?
A. Increase the patient's dose of sedatives.
B. Call for a psychiatric consultation.
,C. Reorient the patient to reality immediately.
D. Be present but quiet and let the patient continue.
Correct Answer: D. Be present but quiet and let the patient continue.
6. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of compartment syndrome after a fracture?
A. A malunion where the bone heals abnormally.
B. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and petechiae.
C. A mild fever and localized redness.
D. Unrelenting pain that is not relieved by analgesics.
Correct Answer: D. Unrelenting pain that is not relieved by analgesics.
7. What is the priority nursing action when a medication error is discovered?
A. Assess the patient for any adverse reactions.
B. Complete an incident report.
C. Notify the physician and the pharmacist.
D. Document the error in the medical record.
Correct Answer: A. Assess the patient for any adverse reactions.
8. When administering ear drops to a 2-year-old child, how should the nurse manipulate the
pinna?
A. No manipulation is required for toddlers.
B. Pull the pinna up and back.
C. Pull the pinna down and back.
D. Pull the pinna straight back.
Correct Answer: C. Pull the pinna down and back.
9. A patient is sound asleep but is scheduled for a dose of an opioid analgesic. What should the
nurse do?
A. Skip the dose and document that the patient is pain-free.
B. Wake the patient up to ensure they stay on schedule.
C. Administer the medication while the patient is sleeping.
D. Check respirations and hold the medication if they are low.
Correct Answer: D. Check respirations and hold the medication if they are low.
10. A nurse provides cultural maintenance by assisting a patient with which of the following?
, A. Assisting the patient with a traditional healing ritual.
B. Instructing the patient on blood glucose monitoring.
C. Teaching a heart-healthy diet.
D. Negotiating which medical treatments are acceptable.
Correct Answer: A. Assisting the patient with a traditional healing ritual.
11. What is the gold standard antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression?
A. Naloxone (Narcan).
B. Atropine
C. Vitamin K
D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: A. Naloxone (Narcan).
12. A nurse is caring for a patient who died suddenly, and the family wants to wash the body.
The nurse should:
A. Tell the family the body must go to the morgue immediately.
B. Insist on a signed waiver before allowing the ritual.
C. Provide privacy and offer any needed supplies.
D. Inform the family that only hospital staff can provide care.
Correct Answer: C. Provide privacy and offer any needed supplies.
13. Which complication of a fracture is characterized by a sudden onset of SOB, hypoxia, and
petechiae?
A. Osteomyelitis.
B. Malunion.
C. Fat Embolism.
D. Compartment Syndrome.
Correct Answer: C. Fat Embolism.
14. To provide culturally competent care, what must the nurse first develop?
A. Self-awareness of their own assumptions and beliefs.
B. A list of all cultural stereotypes to avoid.
C. A standardized plan of care for all minority groups.
D. Mastery of the patient’s primary language.
Correct Answer: A. Self-awareness of their own assumptions and beliefs.
15. At what age is urinary and fecal continence physiologically possible?
Questions & Answers | Latest Fall 2026.
1. A patient reports that their medication is a different color than the one taken at home.
A. Tell the patient to take the pill anyway.
B. Explain that generic brands often change colors.
C. Leave the pill at the bedside while checking the chart.
D. Recheck the medication orders to ensure accuracy.
Correct Answer: D. Recheck the medication orders to ensure accuracy.
2. A primary care provider prescribes 0.15 mg of digoxin intravenously, and the medication is
available in a concentration of 400 micrograms per mL.
A. 0.38 mL
B. 0.25 mL
C. 1.2 mL
D. 0.5 mL
Correct Answer: A. 0.38 mL
3. Which learning activity best reflects Bloom’s affective domain?
A. Recalling the side effects of a medication.
B. Administering a subcutaneous injection.
C. Accepting the loss of a limb.
D. Inserting a urinary catheter.
Correct Answer: C. Accepting the loss of a limb.
4. When providing written educational materials to a client, at what grade level should the
content be written?
A. 3rd grade
B. 5th grade
C. 12th grade
D. 8th grade
Correct Answer: B. 5th grade
5. A nurse observes a terminally ill patient talking to a deceased loved one in an empty room.
What is the best action?
A. Increase the patient's dose of sedatives.
B. Call for a psychiatric consultation.
,C. Reorient the patient to reality immediately.
D. Be present but quiet and let the patient continue.
Correct Answer: D. Be present but quiet and let the patient continue.
6. Which assessment finding is a hallmark sign of compartment syndrome after a fracture?
A. A malunion where the bone heals abnormally.
B. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and petechiae.
C. A mild fever and localized redness.
D. Unrelenting pain that is not relieved by analgesics.
Correct Answer: D. Unrelenting pain that is not relieved by analgesics.
7. What is the priority nursing action when a medication error is discovered?
A. Assess the patient for any adverse reactions.
B. Complete an incident report.
C. Notify the physician and the pharmacist.
D. Document the error in the medical record.
Correct Answer: A. Assess the patient for any adverse reactions.
8. When administering ear drops to a 2-year-old child, how should the nurse manipulate the
pinna?
A. No manipulation is required for toddlers.
B. Pull the pinna up and back.
C. Pull the pinna down and back.
D. Pull the pinna straight back.
Correct Answer: C. Pull the pinna down and back.
9. A patient is sound asleep but is scheduled for a dose of an opioid analgesic. What should the
nurse do?
A. Skip the dose and document that the patient is pain-free.
B. Wake the patient up to ensure they stay on schedule.
C. Administer the medication while the patient is sleeping.
D. Check respirations and hold the medication if they are low.
Correct Answer: D. Check respirations and hold the medication if they are low.
10. A nurse provides cultural maintenance by assisting a patient with which of the following?
, A. Assisting the patient with a traditional healing ritual.
B. Instructing the patient on blood glucose monitoring.
C. Teaching a heart-healthy diet.
D. Negotiating which medical treatments are acceptable.
Correct Answer: A. Assisting the patient with a traditional healing ritual.
11. What is the gold standard antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression?
A. Naloxone (Narcan).
B. Atropine
C. Vitamin K
D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: A. Naloxone (Narcan).
12. A nurse is caring for a patient who died suddenly, and the family wants to wash the body.
The nurse should:
A. Tell the family the body must go to the morgue immediately.
B. Insist on a signed waiver before allowing the ritual.
C. Provide privacy and offer any needed supplies.
D. Inform the family that only hospital staff can provide care.
Correct Answer: C. Provide privacy and offer any needed supplies.
13. Which complication of a fracture is characterized by a sudden onset of SOB, hypoxia, and
petechiae?
A. Osteomyelitis.
B. Malunion.
C. Fat Embolism.
D. Compartment Syndrome.
Correct Answer: C. Fat Embolism.
14. To provide culturally competent care, what must the nurse first develop?
A. Self-awareness of their own assumptions and beliefs.
B. A list of all cultural stereotypes to avoid.
C. A standardized plan of care for all minority groups.
D. Mastery of the patient’s primary language.
Correct Answer: A. Self-awareness of their own assumptions and beliefs.
15. At what age is urinary and fecal continence physiologically possible?
