SSM TCAR Exam Actual Exam 2026-2027 Trauma Care after Resuscitation (TCAR) Exam
Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? SBP<90
Resp rate <10 or >29
GCS <14
What is Kinematics? The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis of the forces
involved
Dose of energy is? The nature and amount of force
Characteristic of wounding agent? Type of energy and how it was applied
Force The dose of energy involved
Which gender is the majority of trauma? Male
Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? Teens and young adult
Blunt trauma Classifications include? MVA
Auto vs. pedestrian
Falls
Struck by or against an object
Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? 1 organ system failure=4%
2 organ system failures=32%
3 organ system failures=67%
4 organ system failures=90%
What are the four collisions? 1. The vehicle
2. The occupants
3. The internal organs
4. The secondary impacts
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the
occupants are restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? Point of contact with the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all Falls
age groups?
, SSM TCAR Exam Actual Exam 2026-2027 Trauma Care after Resuscitation (TCAR) Exam
Factors predicting fall injuries are? Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile
(mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? Speed increases by approximately 20 MPH
Define Shock? A state in which cellular oxygen demand exceeds supply
When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an oxygen
debt develops.
Types of shock per TCAR? Pumps-Site of defect heart
Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries
Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular
VS in shock? Narrow pulse pressure
Tachycardia
Low CO
How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & 32 ATP molecules
glucose?
How many ATP molecules are produced without 2 ATP molecules
oxygen?
Normal pH? Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal range is 7.38-7.42
What is the footprint of shock? Lactic Acidosis
What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
the cells?
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation shift to the right? Acidosis, elevated temp
More oxygen available to the cells
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left? Hypothermia, alkalosis
Less oxygen available to the cells
H & H is a measure of ? It is a measure of hemodilution rather than blood loss.
Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? SBP<90
Resp rate <10 or >29
GCS <14
What is Kinematics? The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis of the forces
involved
Dose of energy is? The nature and amount of force
Characteristic of wounding agent? Type of energy and how it was applied
Force The dose of energy involved
Which gender is the majority of trauma? Male
Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? Teens and young adult
Blunt trauma Classifications include? MVA
Auto vs. pedestrian
Falls
Struck by or against an object
Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? 1 organ system failure=4%
2 organ system failures=32%
3 organ system failures=67%
4 organ system failures=90%
What are the four collisions? 1. The vehicle
2. The occupants
3. The internal organs
4. The secondary impacts
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the
occupants are restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? Point of contact with the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all Falls
age groups?
, SSM TCAR Exam Actual Exam 2026-2027 Trauma Care after Resuscitation (TCAR) Exam
Factors predicting fall injuries are? Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile
(mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? Speed increases by approximately 20 MPH
Define Shock? A state in which cellular oxygen demand exceeds supply
When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an oxygen
debt develops.
Types of shock per TCAR? Pumps-Site of defect heart
Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries
Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular
VS in shock? Narrow pulse pressure
Tachycardia
Low CO
How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & 32 ATP molecules
glucose?
How many ATP molecules are produced without 2 ATP molecules
oxygen?
Normal pH? Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal range is 7.38-7.42
What is the footprint of shock? Lactic Acidosis
What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
the cells?
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation shift to the right? Acidosis, elevated temp
More oxygen available to the cells
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left? Hypothermia, alkalosis
Less oxygen available to the cells
H & H is a measure of ? It is a measure of hemodilution rather than blood loss.
