NR328/NR 328 Exam 1 V2 | Pediatric Nursing Q&A
with Rationale | Chamberlain University
1. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child scheduled for surgery. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take to provide atraumatic care?
A. Explain the procedure using abstract medical terminology.
B. Perform all painful procedures in the child’s hospital bed.
C. Encourage the child to play with medical equipment such as a stethoscope.
D. Limit parental presence to specific visiting hours to reduce stress.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Therapeutic play helps children familiarize themselves with medical
equipment and decreases anxiety before procedures. Nurses should perform painful
procedures in a treatment room to keep the child’s bed as a ‘safe zone.’ Providing
atraumatic care involves minimizing physical and psychological distress through age-
appropriate communication and family involvement.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, a toddler (ages 1 to 3) is in
which of the following stages?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Trust vs. Mistrust
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The toddler stage focuses on developing a sense of personal control over
physical skills and a sense of independence. Success in this stage leads to feelings of
autonomy, while failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Caregivers should support
the child’s desire for independence by offering simple choices and encouraging self-care
tasks.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to a 6-month-old infant. Which of the
following sites is the most appropriate for the injection?
A. Deltoid muscle
B. Dorsogluteal muscle
C. Ventrogluteal muscle
D. Vastus lateralis muscle
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The vastus lateralis is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in
infants because it is the most developed muscle at this age. The deltoid muscle is typically
used for older children and adults with adequate muscle mass. Choosing the correct site
ensures proper absorption of the vaccine and minimizes the risk of nerve or vessel injury.
, 4. A nurse is assessing a 10-month-old infant. Which of the following developmental
milestones should the nurse expect the infant to have achieved?
A. Walking without assistance
B. Using a neat pincer grasp
C. Building a tower of six blocks
D. Speaking in four-word sentences
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: By 10 months of age, an infant typically develops a neat pincer grasp,
allowing them to pick up small objects using their thumb and index finger. Walking without
assistance usually occurs closer to 12 to 15 months. Understanding age-appropriate
milestones is critical for pediatric nurses to identify potential developmental delays during
routine assessments.
5. A nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn about preventing Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Place the infant on their side for sleep.
B. Use a soft mattress with several blankets.
C. Place the infant in a supine position to sleep.
D. Ensure the infant’s head is covered during sleep.
Correct Answer: C
with Rationale | Chamberlain University
1. A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child scheduled for surgery. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take to provide atraumatic care?
A. Explain the procedure using abstract medical terminology.
B. Perform all painful procedures in the child’s hospital bed.
C. Encourage the child to play with medical equipment such as a stethoscope.
D. Limit parental presence to specific visiting hours to reduce stress.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Therapeutic play helps children familiarize themselves with medical
equipment and decreases anxiety before procedures. Nurses should perform painful
procedures in a treatment room to keep the child’s bed as a ‘safe zone.’ Providing
atraumatic care involves minimizing physical and psychological distress through age-
appropriate communication and family involvement.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, a toddler (ages 1 to 3) is in
which of the following stages?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Trust vs. Mistrust
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The toddler stage focuses on developing a sense of personal control over
physical skills and a sense of independence. Success in this stage leads to feelings of
autonomy, while failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. Caregivers should support
the child’s desire for independence by offering simple choices and encouraging self-care
tasks.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to a 6-month-old infant. Which of the
following sites is the most appropriate for the injection?
A. Deltoid muscle
B. Dorsogluteal muscle
C. Ventrogluteal muscle
D. Vastus lateralis muscle
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The vastus lateralis is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in
infants because it is the most developed muscle at this age. The deltoid muscle is typically
used for older children and adults with adequate muscle mass. Choosing the correct site
ensures proper absorption of the vaccine and minimizes the risk of nerve or vessel injury.
, 4. A nurse is assessing a 10-month-old infant. Which of the following developmental
milestones should the nurse expect the infant to have achieved?
A. Walking without assistance
B. Using a neat pincer grasp
C. Building a tower of six blocks
D. Speaking in four-word sentences
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: By 10 months of age, an infant typically develops a neat pincer grasp,
allowing them to pick up small objects using their thumb and index finger. Walking without
assistance usually occurs closer to 12 to 15 months. Understanding age-appropriate
milestones is critical for pediatric nurses to identify potential developmental delays during
routine assessments.
5. A nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn about preventing Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Place the infant on their side for sleep.
B. Use a soft mattress with several blankets.
C. Place the infant in a supine position to sleep.
D. Ensure the infant’s head is covered during sleep.
Correct Answer: C
