NR 283 EXAM 2 REVIEW UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
What are hormonal regulators for fluid mantinence?
Answer:
ADH- holds onto water via kidneys Aldosterone- reabsorbs sodium and
excretes K
Question:
Fluid loss immediate actions-
Answer:
- Increase thirst - Increased HR - Cutaneous vasoconstriction - ADH increases
and Aldosterone activate - Renal vasoconstriction
Question:
What lab value is affected by dehydration?
Answer:
Increased hematocrit
Question:
What is hydrostatic pressire?
Answer:
Pressure exerted to push fluid from one compartment to another
Question:
What is the role of osmotic pressure?
Answer:
Drawing fluid from lower to higher concentration areas
Question:
What can cause increased capillary permeability?
Answer:
Anaphylaxis/inflammation triggers histamine release, allows fluid out
Question:
What can increase hydrostatic pressure?
Answer:
Pregnancy, renal failure
Increases intravascular push
Question:
What causes decreased osmotic pressure?
Answer:
Renal failure
Reduces pull, keeps fluids in pipes
Question:
What is lymphatic node dysfunction?
, Answer:
Localized obstruction (tumors) cause excessive fluid buildup and prevents it
from returning to general circulation
Question:
Important electrolyte imbalances to know
Answer:
Sodium Potassium Calcium
Question:
What does hyponatremia cause?
Answer:
- Causes fluid to shift into brain, leads to cerebral edema and seizures
Question:
What does hyper and hypokalemia cause?
Answer:
Life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias
Question:
What does hypocalcemia cause?
Answer:
Tingling in fingers Tetany
Question:
What does hypercalcemia cause?
Answer:
Strong cardiac contractions Constipation Kidney stones
Question:
Hyperkalemia causes
Answer:
Muscle fatigue/weakness Numbness/tingling Chest pain SOB Severe cardiac
evets
Question:
Hypokalemia causes
Answer:
Fatigue Muscle weakness Cramping Constipation Irregular HR/rhythms Severe
cardiac events
Question:
Normal range of body pH?
Answer:
7.35-7.45 Represents acidity/alkalinity
Question:
Normal range for PaCo2?
Answer:
35-45 mmHg Represents respiratory components
Question:
Normal range for HCO3 (bicarbonate)?
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
What are hormonal regulators for fluid mantinence?
Answer:
ADH- holds onto water via kidneys Aldosterone- reabsorbs sodium and
excretes K
Question:
Fluid loss immediate actions-
Answer:
- Increase thirst - Increased HR - Cutaneous vasoconstriction - ADH increases
and Aldosterone activate - Renal vasoconstriction
Question:
What lab value is affected by dehydration?
Answer:
Increased hematocrit
Question:
What is hydrostatic pressire?
Answer:
Pressure exerted to push fluid from one compartment to another
Question:
What is the role of osmotic pressure?
Answer:
Drawing fluid from lower to higher concentration areas
Question:
What can cause increased capillary permeability?
Answer:
Anaphylaxis/inflammation triggers histamine release, allows fluid out
Question:
What can increase hydrostatic pressure?
Answer:
Pregnancy, renal failure
Increases intravascular push
Question:
What causes decreased osmotic pressure?
Answer:
Renal failure
Reduces pull, keeps fluids in pipes
Question:
What is lymphatic node dysfunction?
, Answer:
Localized obstruction (tumors) cause excessive fluid buildup and prevents it
from returning to general circulation
Question:
Important electrolyte imbalances to know
Answer:
Sodium Potassium Calcium
Question:
What does hyponatremia cause?
Answer:
- Causes fluid to shift into brain, leads to cerebral edema and seizures
Question:
What does hyper and hypokalemia cause?
Answer:
Life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias
Question:
What does hypocalcemia cause?
Answer:
Tingling in fingers Tetany
Question:
What does hypercalcemia cause?
Answer:
Strong cardiac contractions Constipation Kidney stones
Question:
Hyperkalemia causes
Answer:
Muscle fatigue/weakness Numbness/tingling Chest pain SOB Severe cardiac
evets
Question:
Hypokalemia causes
Answer:
Fatigue Muscle weakness Cramping Constipation Irregular HR/rhythms Severe
cardiac events
Question:
Normal range of body pH?
Answer:
7.35-7.45 Represents acidity/alkalinity
Question:
Normal range for PaCo2?
Answer:
35-45 mmHg Represents respiratory components
Question:
Normal range for HCO3 (bicarbonate)?
