Page 1 of 56
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM***
(HORMONES, MUSCLES, BONES, BRAIN,
ORGANS) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS |
DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM
UPDATE 2026/2027
What is histology?
❖The study of tissues
What is the function of the respiratory system?
❖Supply O2 and eliminate CO2
Which structures make the alimentary canal?
❖mouth
❖pharynx
❖esophagus
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❖stomach
❖small intestine
❖large intestine
❖rectum
❖anus
What is external respiration?
❖The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and
the blood through the alveoli
What is internal respiration?
❖The exchange of gases between blood and the body
cells.
What is the function of the passageways between the
nasal cavity and the alveoli?
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❖Conduct gases to and from the lungs.
What is the function of the upper passageways?
❖Warm, filter, and moisten incoming air.
What lines the upper respiratory tubules?
❖Cilia to help trap debris and keep foreign substances
from entering the lungs.
What occurs during inhalation?
❖The contraction of the diaphragm to enlarge the
thoracic cavity and draw air into the lungs
What occurs during exhalation?
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❖The lungs recoil as the respiratory muscles relax and
the thorax decreases in size.
When is oxygen released from hemoglobin?
❖As the concentration of O2 drops in tissues
What happens to carbon dioxide in red blood cells?
❖Some is carried in solutions or bound to proteins in
the blood.
❖Most is converted to carbonic anhydrase
What does the changing of carbon to carbonic anyhydrase
release?
❖Hydrogen ions, which regulate blood pH
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM***
(HORMONES, MUSCLES, BONES, BRAIN,
ORGANS) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS |
DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM
UPDATE 2026/2027
What is histology?
❖The study of tissues
What is the function of the respiratory system?
❖Supply O2 and eliminate CO2
Which structures make the alimentary canal?
❖mouth
❖pharynx
❖esophagus
,Page 2 of 56
❖stomach
❖small intestine
❖large intestine
❖rectum
❖anus
What is external respiration?
❖The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and
the blood through the alveoli
What is internal respiration?
❖The exchange of gases between blood and the body
cells.
What is the function of the passageways between the
nasal cavity and the alveoli?
,Page 3 of 56
❖Conduct gases to and from the lungs.
What is the function of the upper passageways?
❖Warm, filter, and moisten incoming air.
What lines the upper respiratory tubules?
❖Cilia to help trap debris and keep foreign substances
from entering the lungs.
What occurs during inhalation?
❖The contraction of the diaphragm to enlarge the
thoracic cavity and draw air into the lungs
What occurs during exhalation?
, Page 4 of 56
❖The lungs recoil as the respiratory muscles relax and
the thorax decreases in size.
When is oxygen released from hemoglobin?
❖As the concentration of O2 drops in tissues
What happens to carbon dioxide in red blood cells?
❖Some is carried in solutions or bound to proteins in
the blood.
❖Most is converted to carbonic anhydrase
What does the changing of carbon to carbonic anyhydrase
release?
❖Hydrogen ions, which regulate blood pH
