NR228/NR 228 Exam 4 V3 | Nutrition, Health &
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a client with Type 2 Diabetes about carbohydrate counting. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. One serving of carbohydrates is approximately 15 grams.
B. I should limit my carbohydrate intake to 10 grams per meal.
C. I can eat as much protein as I want as long as I don’t eat carbs.
D. Carbohydrate counting is only necessary if I am using insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Carbohydrate counting is a flexible meal planning tool that focuses on the
total amount of carbohydrates consumed. One carbohydrate serving is standardized to 15
grams, which helps clients manage their postprandial blood glucose levels effectively. This
method allows for a variety of food choices while maintaining glycemic control in both
Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
2. A client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who is not on dialysis is prescribed a protein-
restricted diet. What is the primary rationale for this intervention?
A. To prevent the buildup of nitrogenous waste products in the blood.
B. To increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
,C. To promote the excretion of potassium.
D. To reduce the risk of developing kidney stones.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In pre-dialysis CKD, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter out the waste
products of protein metabolism, such as urea. Restricting protein intake helps reduce the
accumulation of these nitrogenous wastes, thereby delaying the progression of uremic
symptoms. It is essential to ensure the protein consumed is of high biological value to meet
essential amino acid needs.
3. Which of the following food choices should a nurse recommend for a client following the
DASH diet to manage hypertension?
A. Canned vegetable soup with crackers.
B. Processed deli turkey sandwich on white bread.
C. Baked chicken breast with steamed broccoli and brown rice.
D. Pickled beets and salted peanuts.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes
whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins while minimizing sodium and saturated
fats. Baked chicken and steamed vegetables are naturally low in sodium and high in
essential minerals like potassium and magnesium. This dietary pattern has been clinically
proven to lower blood pressure within a few weeks of implementation.
, 4. A client is experiencing dumping syndrome following a partial gastrectomy. Which
nutritional intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Drink liquids primarily during meals to aid digestion.
B. Consume small, frequent meals that are high in simple sugars.
C. Increase the intake of high-fiber raw vegetables.
D. Lie down for 30 minutes after eating to slow gastric emptying.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach
into the small intestine, causing vasomotor and GI symptoms. Lying down after meals helps
use gravity to slow the transit of food into the duodenum. Additionally, clients should avoid
drinking liquids with meals and limit concentrated sweets to prevent rapid osmotic shifts.
5. Which laboratory value is the most sensitive indicator of nutritional status in a client
receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)?
A. Serum Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Serum Prealbumin
D. Total Cholesterol
Correct Answer: C
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a client with Type 2 Diabetes about carbohydrate counting. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. One serving of carbohydrates is approximately 15 grams.
B. I should limit my carbohydrate intake to 10 grams per meal.
C. I can eat as much protein as I want as long as I don’t eat carbs.
D. Carbohydrate counting is only necessary if I am using insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Carbohydrate counting is a flexible meal planning tool that focuses on the
total amount of carbohydrates consumed. One carbohydrate serving is standardized to 15
grams, which helps clients manage their postprandial blood glucose levels effectively. This
method allows for a variety of food choices while maintaining glycemic control in both
Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
2. A client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who is not on dialysis is prescribed a protein-
restricted diet. What is the primary rationale for this intervention?
A. To prevent the buildup of nitrogenous waste products in the blood.
B. To increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
,C. To promote the excretion of potassium.
D. To reduce the risk of developing kidney stones.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In pre-dialysis CKD, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter out the waste
products of protein metabolism, such as urea. Restricting protein intake helps reduce the
accumulation of these nitrogenous wastes, thereby delaying the progression of uremic
symptoms. It is essential to ensure the protein consumed is of high biological value to meet
essential amino acid needs.
3. Which of the following food choices should a nurse recommend for a client following the
DASH diet to manage hypertension?
A. Canned vegetable soup with crackers.
B. Processed deli turkey sandwich on white bread.
C. Baked chicken breast with steamed broccoli and brown rice.
D. Pickled beets and salted peanuts.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes
whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins while minimizing sodium and saturated
fats. Baked chicken and steamed vegetables are naturally low in sodium and high in
essential minerals like potassium and magnesium. This dietary pattern has been clinically
proven to lower blood pressure within a few weeks of implementation.
, 4. A client is experiencing dumping syndrome following a partial gastrectomy. Which
nutritional intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Drink liquids primarily during meals to aid digestion.
B. Consume small, frequent meals that are high in simple sugars.
C. Increase the intake of high-fiber raw vegetables.
D. Lie down for 30 minutes after eating to slow gastric emptying.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach
into the small intestine, causing vasomotor and GI symptoms. Lying down after meals helps
use gravity to slow the transit of food into the duodenum. Additionally, clients should avoid
drinking liquids with meals and limit concentrated sweets to prevent rapid osmotic shifts.
5. Which laboratory value is the most sensitive indicator of nutritional status in a client
receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)?
A. Serum Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Serum Prealbumin
D. Total Cholesterol
Correct Answer: C
