NR228/NR 228 Final Exam V1 | Nutrition, Health &
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a patient with heart disease about dietary fats. Which of the following
should the nurse recommend the patient limit to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis?
A. Monounsaturated fats
B. Saturated fats
C. Polyunsaturated fats
D. Omega-3 fatty acids
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Saturated fats are known to increase Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels,
which contributes to plaque buildup in the arteries. The nurse should educate the patient
on reducing intake of animal fats and tropical oils to manage cardiovascular health.
Conversely, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats are generally considered heart-
healthy alternatives.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from major surgery. Which nutrient should
the nurse emphasize to promote optimal tissue repair and wound healing?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Calcium
,C. Fat-soluble vitamins
D. Protein
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Protein is essential for the synthesis of new tissue and the repair of cells
damaged during surgery. Inadequate protein intake can lead to delayed wound healing and
increased risk of infection. The nurse should ensure the patient’s diet includes high-quality
protein sources such as lean meats, beans, and dairy.
3. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with a history of alcohol abuse. Which
vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin C
C. Riboflavin (B2)
D. Thiamin (B1)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Thiamin deficiency is a significant concern in chronic alcoholism due to poor
intake and impaired absorption. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a serious neurological
condition resulting directly from this specific B-vitamin depletion. Treatment involves
immediate thiamin supplementation to prevent permanent brain damage.
, 4. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client experiencing dumping
syndrome after a subtotal gastrectomy?
A. Consuming small, frequent meals
B. Drinking large amounts of water with meals
C. Increasing the intake of simple sugars
D. Lying down immediately after eating
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Small, frequent meals help prevent the rapid emptying of food into the small
intestine that causes dumping syndrome. The nurse should also advise the patient to
separate liquid and solid intake to reduce the volume in the stomach. High-protein,
moderate-fat diets with limited simple carbohydrates are also beneficial for symptom
management.
5. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about preventing neural tube defects. Which
supplement is most critical to take during the first trimester?
A. Iron
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Folic acid
Correct Answer: D
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a patient with heart disease about dietary fats. Which of the following
should the nurse recommend the patient limit to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis?
A. Monounsaturated fats
B. Saturated fats
C. Polyunsaturated fats
D. Omega-3 fatty acids
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Saturated fats are known to increase Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels,
which contributes to plaque buildup in the arteries. The nurse should educate the patient
on reducing intake of animal fats and tropical oils to manage cardiovascular health.
Conversely, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats are generally considered heart-
healthy alternatives.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from major surgery. Which nutrient should
the nurse emphasize to promote optimal tissue repair and wound healing?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Calcium
,C. Fat-soluble vitamins
D. Protein
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Protein is essential for the synthesis of new tissue and the repair of cells
damaged during surgery. Inadequate protein intake can lead to delayed wound healing and
increased risk of infection. The nurse should ensure the patient’s diet includes high-quality
protein sources such as lean meats, beans, and dairy.
3. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with a history of alcohol abuse. Which
vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin C
C. Riboflavin (B2)
D. Thiamin (B1)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Thiamin deficiency is a significant concern in chronic alcoholism due to poor
intake and impaired absorption. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a serious neurological
condition resulting directly from this specific B-vitamin depletion. Treatment involves
immediate thiamin supplementation to prevent permanent brain damage.
, 4. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client experiencing dumping
syndrome after a subtotal gastrectomy?
A. Consuming small, frequent meals
B. Drinking large amounts of water with meals
C. Increasing the intake of simple sugars
D. Lying down immediately after eating
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Small, frequent meals help prevent the rapid emptying of food into the small
intestine that causes dumping syndrome. The nurse should also advise the patient to
separate liquid and solid intake to reduce the volume in the stomach. High-protein,
moderate-fat diets with limited simple carbohydrates are also beneficial for symptom
management.
5. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about preventing neural tube defects. Which
supplement is most critical to take during the first trimester?
A. Iron
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Folic acid
Correct Answer: D
