NR226/NR 226 Exam 1 V3 | Fundamentals of
Patient Care Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a newly admitted patient. Which step of
the nursing process is being utilized?
A. Evaluation
B. Assessment
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the
systematic collection of data about a patient’s health status. During this phase, the nurse
gathers both subjective and objective data through observation and physical examination.
This data serves as the foundation for identifying patient problems and developing an
appropriate plan of care.
2. When planning care for a patient, which nursing action best illustrates the ethical principle
of autonomy?
A. Providing the same level of care to all patients regardless of background
B. Following through with a promise to return and check on the patient
,C. Assisting the patient to make an informed decision about their treatment
D. Administering pain medication as ordered to prevent suffering
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to self-determination and making their
own healthcare choices. The nurse supports autonomy by providing necessary information
so the patient can give informed consent. This principle respects the individual’s
independence and personal values in the clinical setting.
3. Which clinical observation would the nurse categorize as objective data?
A. Patient reports feeling nauseous
B. Patient states their pain is a 7 out of 10
C. Patient’s blood pressure is 142/88 mmHg
D. Patient expresses anxiety about the upcoming surgery
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Objective data are observable and measurable signs that can be seen, heard,
or felt by the nurse. A blood pressure reading is a quantitative measurement that is
verifiable through diagnostic tools. In contrast, subjective data consists of the patient’s
personal perceptions and feelings, such as pain or nausea.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile (C. diff). Which infection control
measure is mandatory for this specific case?
A. Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer after every contact
B. Washing hands with soap and water after leaving the room
C. Wearing an N95 respirator when entering the room
D. Placing the patient in a room with positive airflow
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: C. difficile produces spores that are resistant to alcohol-based hand
sanitizers. Physical scrubbing with soap and water is required to mechanically remove
these spores from the hands. This practice is essential in contact precautions to prevent the
spread of enteric infections to other patients.
5. The nurse is prioritizing care using Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Which patient should the
nurse see first?
A. A patient requesting a chaplain for spiritual distress
B. A patient experiencing difficulty breathing and low oxygen saturation
C. A patient who is lonely and wants to talk to a family member
D. A patient asking for information about their discharge medications
Correct Answer: B
Patient Care Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a newly admitted patient. Which step of
the nursing process is being utilized?
A. Evaluation
B. Assessment
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the
systematic collection of data about a patient’s health status. During this phase, the nurse
gathers both subjective and objective data through observation and physical examination.
This data serves as the foundation for identifying patient problems and developing an
appropriate plan of care.
2. When planning care for a patient, which nursing action best illustrates the ethical principle
of autonomy?
A. Providing the same level of care to all patients regardless of background
B. Following through with a promise to return and check on the patient
,C. Assisting the patient to make an informed decision about their treatment
D. Administering pain medication as ordered to prevent suffering
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to self-determination and making their
own healthcare choices. The nurse supports autonomy by providing necessary information
so the patient can give informed consent. This principle respects the individual’s
independence and personal values in the clinical setting.
3. Which clinical observation would the nurse categorize as objective data?
A. Patient reports feeling nauseous
B. Patient states their pain is a 7 out of 10
C. Patient’s blood pressure is 142/88 mmHg
D. Patient expresses anxiety about the upcoming surgery
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Objective data are observable and measurable signs that can be seen, heard,
or felt by the nurse. A blood pressure reading is a quantitative measurement that is
verifiable through diagnostic tools. In contrast, subjective data consists of the patient’s
personal perceptions and feelings, such as pain or nausea.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile (C. diff). Which infection control
measure is mandatory for this specific case?
A. Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer after every contact
B. Washing hands with soap and water after leaving the room
C. Wearing an N95 respirator when entering the room
D. Placing the patient in a room with positive airflow
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: C. difficile produces spores that are resistant to alcohol-based hand
sanitizers. Physical scrubbing with soap and water is required to mechanically remove
these spores from the hands. This practice is essential in contact precautions to prevent the
spread of enteric infections to other patients.
5. The nurse is prioritizing care using Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Which patient should the
nurse see first?
A. A patient requesting a chaplain for spiritual distress
B. A patient experiencing difficulty breathing and low oxygen saturation
C. A patient who is lonely and wants to talk to a family member
D. A patient asking for information about their discharge medications
Correct Answer: B
