NR226/NR 226 Exam 2 V3 | Fundamentals of
Patient Care Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is performing oral care for an unconscious patient. Which of the following is the
priority action to ensure patient safety?
A. Applying a thin layer of water-soluble jelly to the lips.
B. Brushing the teeth with a firm-bristled toothbrush.
C. Using a large amount of water to rinse the oral cavity.
D. Placing the patient in a side-lying or Sims’ position.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The priority for an unconscious patient during oral care is preventing
aspiration. Placing the patient in a side-lying position allows fluids to drain out of the
mouth rather than back into the pharynx. This position protects the airway and is a
standard safety protocol in fundamental nursing care.
2. When providing foot care for a patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, which action should
the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Soaking the feet in hot water for 20 minutes to soften calluses.
B. Applying moisturizing lotion between the toes.
C. Cutting the toenails in a curved shape to prevent ingrown nails.
,D. Inspecting the feet daily for redness, lesions, or dryness.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Daily inspection is critical for diabetic patients to identify potential
complications early due to peripheral neuropathy. Soaking feet is contraindicated as it can
cause skin breakdown and maceration. Lotion should never be applied between the toes
because the moisture promotes fungal growth.
3. A nurse discovers a small fire in a patient’s wastebasket. Using the RACE acronym, which
action should the nurse take first?
A. Activate the fire alarm system.
B. Rescue and remove the patient from the immediate area.
C. Confine the fire by closing the door.
D. Extinguish the fire using a portable extinguisher.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In the RACE acronym, the first ‘R’ stands for Rescue, meaning the nurse must
prioritize moving the patient to safety. Once the patient is out of danger, the nurse should
then Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish/Evacuate. Safety of the individual is always the
primary concern in emergency protocols.
4. The nurse is preparing to transfer a patient from the bed to a chair. Which principle of body
mechanics should the nurse follow?
A. Keep the feet close together to increase stability.
, B. Bend at the waist to use the back muscles for lifting.
C. Maintain a wide base of support by keeping feet shoulder-width apart.
D. Hold the patient at arm’s length to avoid close contact.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A wide base of support provides stability and lowers the center of gravity,
which prevents falls and injury. The nurse should bend at the knees rather than the waist
to utilize stronger leg muscles. Keeping the weight close to the center of the body is also
essential for safe lifting.
5. A patient is placed on Contact Precautions for a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) infection. Which PPE is required for the nurse?
A. Gown and surgical mask.
B. Mask and goggles.
C. N95 respirator and gloves.
D. Gown and gloves.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Contact Precautions require the use of gloves and a gown when entering the
room and providing direct care. These barriers prevent the transmission of pathogens
through direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. MRSA is a
common pathogen requiring these specific precautions in a clinical setting.
Patient Care Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is performing oral care for an unconscious patient. Which of the following is the
priority action to ensure patient safety?
A. Applying a thin layer of water-soluble jelly to the lips.
B. Brushing the teeth with a firm-bristled toothbrush.
C. Using a large amount of water to rinse the oral cavity.
D. Placing the patient in a side-lying or Sims’ position.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The priority for an unconscious patient during oral care is preventing
aspiration. Placing the patient in a side-lying position allows fluids to drain out of the
mouth rather than back into the pharynx. This position protects the airway and is a
standard safety protocol in fundamental nursing care.
2. When providing foot care for a patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, which action should
the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Soaking the feet in hot water for 20 minutes to soften calluses.
B. Applying moisturizing lotion between the toes.
C. Cutting the toenails in a curved shape to prevent ingrown nails.
,D. Inspecting the feet daily for redness, lesions, or dryness.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Daily inspection is critical for diabetic patients to identify potential
complications early due to peripheral neuropathy. Soaking feet is contraindicated as it can
cause skin breakdown and maceration. Lotion should never be applied between the toes
because the moisture promotes fungal growth.
3. A nurse discovers a small fire in a patient’s wastebasket. Using the RACE acronym, which
action should the nurse take first?
A. Activate the fire alarm system.
B. Rescue and remove the patient from the immediate area.
C. Confine the fire by closing the door.
D. Extinguish the fire using a portable extinguisher.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In the RACE acronym, the first ‘R’ stands for Rescue, meaning the nurse must
prioritize moving the patient to safety. Once the patient is out of danger, the nurse should
then Alarm, Confine, and Extinguish/Evacuate. Safety of the individual is always the
primary concern in emergency protocols.
4. The nurse is preparing to transfer a patient from the bed to a chair. Which principle of body
mechanics should the nurse follow?
A. Keep the feet close together to increase stability.
, B. Bend at the waist to use the back muscles for lifting.
C. Maintain a wide base of support by keeping feet shoulder-width apart.
D. Hold the patient at arm’s length to avoid close contact.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A wide base of support provides stability and lowers the center of gravity,
which prevents falls and injury. The nurse should bend at the knees rather than the waist
to utilize stronger leg muscles. Keeping the weight close to the center of the body is also
essential for safe lifting.
5. A patient is placed on Contact Precautions for a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) infection. Which PPE is required for the nurse?
A. Gown and surgical mask.
B. Mask and goggles.
C. N95 respirator and gloves.
D. Gown and gloves.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Contact Precautions require the use of gloves and a gown when entering the
room and providing direct care. These barriers prevent the transmission of pathogens
through direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. MRSA is a
common pathogen requiring these specific precautions in a clinical setting.
