NUR 250 Final Exam (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Nursing Q&A | Nursing
1. Which of the following best describes the ultimate goal of expanding
nursing knowledge through nursing research?
A) To increase the number of published nursing articles
B) To learn improved ways to promote and maintain health
C) To obtain higher salaries for nursing researchers
D) To fulfill requirements for nursing licensure
Correct Answer: To learn improved ways to promote and maintain health
Rationale: The ultimate goal of nursing research is to generate knowledge
that improves patient care, health promotion, and disease prevention.
Research findings are translated into evidence-based practice to enhance
health outcomes. Publishing, salaries, and licensure are secondary
considerations.
2. A nurse researcher is collecting numerical data for analysis. Which type of
research is being conducted?
A) Qualitative research
B) Quantitative research
C) Historical research
D) Philosophical research
Correct Answer: Quantitative research
Rationale: Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of
numerical data, often using statistical methods. Qualitative research focuses
on words, meanings, and experiences rather than numbers. Historical and
philosophical research are other research approaches.
,3. Information collected for analysis in both quantitative and qualitative
research is called:
A) Theory
B) Hypothesis
C) Data
D) Variable
Correct Answer: Data
Rationale: Data are the information collected during the research process. In
quantitative research, data are numerical; in qualitative research, data may
be words, observations, or narratives. Theory is a framework, a hypothesis is
a prediction, and a variable is a measurable characteristic.
4. Which principle underlies the ethical conduction of research in a hospital
setting?
A) Clients must be paid for their participation
B) Clients must grant informed consent if they are to participate
C) Clients must have a family member present
D) Clients must be over 18 years of age
Correct Answer: Clients must grant informed consent if they are to
participate
Rationale: Informed consent is a fundamental ethical requirement in
research. Participants must be fully informed about the study's purpose,
risks, benefits, and their right to withdraw. They must voluntarily agree to
participate without coercion.
,5. A nursing student is reading a research article. The opening paragraph
summarizes the article and the research findings. What part of the article is
the nursing student reading?
A) The introduction
B) The methods section
C) The abstract
D) The conclusion
Correct Answer: The abstract
Rationale: The abstract is a concise summary of the research article,
including the purpose, methods, key findings, and conclusions. It is typically
located at the beginning of the article and helps readers quickly determine
the article's relevance.
6. A clinical nurse specialist rewrites the procedure for assessing placement
of a nasogastric tube after reviewing several research articles. What source
of nursing knowledge did the nurse use?
A) Traditional knowledge
B) Authoritative knowledge
C) Scientific knowledge
D) Intuitive knowledge
Correct Answer: Scientific knowledge
Rationale: Scientific knowledge is derived from research and evidence. By
reviewing research articles and updating the procedure based on findings,
the nurse applied scientific knowledge to improve practice. Traditional
knowledge is passed down through generations.
, 7. Which activity forms the bridge between nursing theory and practice?
A) Nursing education
B) Evidence-based research
C) Clinical intuition
D) Administrative policies
Correct Answer: Evidence-based research
Rationale: Evidence-based research translates theoretical knowledge into
practical interventions by integrating the best available evidence with clinical
expertise and patient preferences. This bridge ensures that practice is
grounded in science.
8. There are four concepts common in all nursing theories. Which one of the
four concepts is the focus of nursing?
A) Environment
B) Health
C) Nursing
D) Person
Correct Answer: Person
Rationale: The four metaparadigm concepts in nursing are person,
environment, health, and nursing. The person (or patient/client) is the central
focus of nursing care. All nursing actions are directed toward promoting the
well-being of the person.
9. A client who is a chronic alcoholic is admitted with cirrhosis of the liver,
complaining of pain in the abdomen. The client expresses that his family
1. Which of the following best describes the ultimate goal of expanding
nursing knowledge through nursing research?
A) To increase the number of published nursing articles
B) To learn improved ways to promote and maintain health
C) To obtain higher salaries for nursing researchers
D) To fulfill requirements for nursing licensure
Correct Answer: To learn improved ways to promote and maintain health
Rationale: The ultimate goal of nursing research is to generate knowledge
that improves patient care, health promotion, and disease prevention.
Research findings are translated into evidence-based practice to enhance
health outcomes. Publishing, salaries, and licensure are secondary
considerations.
2. A nurse researcher is collecting numerical data for analysis. Which type of
research is being conducted?
A) Qualitative research
B) Quantitative research
C) Historical research
D) Philosophical research
Correct Answer: Quantitative research
Rationale: Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of
numerical data, often using statistical methods. Qualitative research focuses
on words, meanings, and experiences rather than numbers. Historical and
philosophical research are other research approaches.
,3. Information collected for analysis in both quantitative and qualitative
research is called:
A) Theory
B) Hypothesis
C) Data
D) Variable
Correct Answer: Data
Rationale: Data are the information collected during the research process. In
quantitative research, data are numerical; in qualitative research, data may
be words, observations, or narratives. Theory is a framework, a hypothesis is
a prediction, and a variable is a measurable characteristic.
4. Which principle underlies the ethical conduction of research in a hospital
setting?
A) Clients must be paid for their participation
B) Clients must grant informed consent if they are to participate
C) Clients must have a family member present
D) Clients must be over 18 years of age
Correct Answer: Clients must grant informed consent if they are to
participate
Rationale: Informed consent is a fundamental ethical requirement in
research. Participants must be fully informed about the study's purpose,
risks, benefits, and their right to withdraw. They must voluntarily agree to
participate without coercion.
,5. A nursing student is reading a research article. The opening paragraph
summarizes the article and the research findings. What part of the article is
the nursing student reading?
A) The introduction
B) The methods section
C) The abstract
D) The conclusion
Correct Answer: The abstract
Rationale: The abstract is a concise summary of the research article,
including the purpose, methods, key findings, and conclusions. It is typically
located at the beginning of the article and helps readers quickly determine
the article's relevance.
6. A clinical nurse specialist rewrites the procedure for assessing placement
of a nasogastric tube after reviewing several research articles. What source
of nursing knowledge did the nurse use?
A) Traditional knowledge
B) Authoritative knowledge
C) Scientific knowledge
D) Intuitive knowledge
Correct Answer: Scientific knowledge
Rationale: Scientific knowledge is derived from research and evidence. By
reviewing research articles and updating the procedure based on findings,
the nurse applied scientific knowledge to improve practice. Traditional
knowledge is passed down through generations.
, 7. Which activity forms the bridge between nursing theory and practice?
A) Nursing education
B) Evidence-based research
C) Clinical intuition
D) Administrative policies
Correct Answer: Evidence-based research
Rationale: Evidence-based research translates theoretical knowledge into
practical interventions by integrating the best available evidence with clinical
expertise and patient preferences. This bridge ensures that practice is
grounded in science.
8. There are four concepts common in all nursing theories. Which one of the
four concepts is the focus of nursing?
A) Environment
B) Health
C) Nursing
D) Person
Correct Answer: Person
Rationale: The four metaparadigm concepts in nursing are person,
environment, health, and nursing. The person (or patient/client) is the central
focus of nursing care. All nursing actions are directed toward promoting the
well-being of the person.
9. A client who is a chronic alcoholic is admitted with cirrhosis of the liver,
complaining of pain in the abdomen. The client expresses that his family
