Test Bank For Pathophysiology A
Practical Approach 3rd Edition By
Lachel Story 9781284120196
Chapter 1-14 Complete Guide .
hyperplasia - answer- -An increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
metaplasia - answer- -Process by which one adult cell is replaced by another cell
dysplasia - answer- -Cell adaptation in which cells mutate into cells of a different size,
shape, and appearance
reasons for cell injury - answer- 1) phsical agents
2) chemical injury
3) radiation
4) biological agents
5) nutritional imbalances
ischemia - answer- -Decreased blood flow to a tissue or organ
apoptosis - answer- -Programmed cell death
-Cells condense or shrink
necrosis - answer- -Cell death following injury
-Cells swell and burst
liquefaction necrosis - answer- -Caustic enzymes dissolve and liquefy necrotic cells
-Most common in the brain
-Walled-Off
-Liquid goo
caseous necrosis - answer- -Necrosis in which the cellular debris remain in the area for
months or years
-Pulmonary tuberculosis
-'Cased'-Off
-Cheese globules
fat necrosis - answer- -Occurs when lipase enzymes break down intracellular
triglycerides into free fatty acids
, -Forms soaps
-Opaque, chalky appearance
coagulative necrosis - answer- -Necrosis resulting from interruption in blood flow
-pH drops, acidosis
-Kidneys, heart, and adrenal glands
-Firm and opaque
gangrene - answer- -Form of coagulative necrosis
-Combination of impaired blood flow and bacterial invasion
-Dry, wet, and gas forms
dry gangrene - answer- -Gangrene with minimal bacterial presence
-Skin is dry, dark brown, or black
-Coagulative
wet gangrene - answer- -Gangrene that occurs with liquefaction necrosis
-Liquid wound
-Extensive damage from bacteria and white blood cells
-Extremities and internal organs
gas gangrene - answer- -Gangrene that devlops because of Clostridium bacteria
-Bacterium releases toxins that destroy surrounding cells
-Highest potential for fatality
-Releases gas into tissue
neoplasia - answer- -"New growth"
-Lacks normal controls and regulation
-Can originate in one organ
-Can spread
carcinogenesis - answer- -Cancer development
initiation - answer- -Exposure of a cell to a substance or event
-First stage of carcinogenesis
promotion - answer- -Exposure of mutated cells to factors that promote growth
-Second stage of carcinogenesis
progression - answer- -Tumor invades, metastasizes, and becomes drug resistant
-Final phase of carcinogenesis
benign cancer - answer- -Slow
-Progressive
-Localized
-Resembles host (more differentiated
Practical Approach 3rd Edition By
Lachel Story 9781284120196
Chapter 1-14 Complete Guide .
hyperplasia - answer- -An increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
metaplasia - answer- -Process by which one adult cell is replaced by another cell
dysplasia - answer- -Cell adaptation in which cells mutate into cells of a different size,
shape, and appearance
reasons for cell injury - answer- 1) phsical agents
2) chemical injury
3) radiation
4) biological agents
5) nutritional imbalances
ischemia - answer- -Decreased blood flow to a tissue or organ
apoptosis - answer- -Programmed cell death
-Cells condense or shrink
necrosis - answer- -Cell death following injury
-Cells swell and burst
liquefaction necrosis - answer- -Caustic enzymes dissolve and liquefy necrotic cells
-Most common in the brain
-Walled-Off
-Liquid goo
caseous necrosis - answer- -Necrosis in which the cellular debris remain in the area for
months or years
-Pulmonary tuberculosis
-'Cased'-Off
-Cheese globules
fat necrosis - answer- -Occurs when lipase enzymes break down intracellular
triglycerides into free fatty acids
, -Forms soaps
-Opaque, chalky appearance
coagulative necrosis - answer- -Necrosis resulting from interruption in blood flow
-pH drops, acidosis
-Kidneys, heart, and adrenal glands
-Firm and opaque
gangrene - answer- -Form of coagulative necrosis
-Combination of impaired blood flow and bacterial invasion
-Dry, wet, and gas forms
dry gangrene - answer- -Gangrene with minimal bacterial presence
-Skin is dry, dark brown, or black
-Coagulative
wet gangrene - answer- -Gangrene that occurs with liquefaction necrosis
-Liquid wound
-Extensive damage from bacteria and white blood cells
-Extremities and internal organs
gas gangrene - answer- -Gangrene that devlops because of Clostridium bacteria
-Bacterium releases toxins that destroy surrounding cells
-Highest potential for fatality
-Releases gas into tissue
neoplasia - answer- -"New growth"
-Lacks normal controls and regulation
-Can originate in one organ
-Can spread
carcinogenesis - answer- -Cancer development
initiation - answer- -Exposure of a cell to a substance or event
-First stage of carcinogenesis
promotion - answer- -Exposure of mutated cells to factors that promote growth
-Second stage of carcinogenesis
progression - answer- -Tumor invades, metastasizes, and becomes drug resistant
-Final phase of carcinogenesis
benign cancer - answer- -Slow
-Progressive
-Localized
-Resembles host (more differentiated
