NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
Pharmacology Notes: Drug Group
Cardiac Drugs
Cardiac Assessment ↓
• Assessing HR, BP, Edema, JVD, Cardiac Sounds (Crackles)
• O2 stats, Respiratory (SOB), Angina, Capillary refill, Skin assessment (color, temp, turgor)
• Weight (if weigh 5 more pounds in a week, contact MD), Kidney Function
Test HTN
• Hypertension 120/80 (border); 140/90 or greater (Stage 1); 180/100 HTN crisis (can lead to stroke)
• High blood pressure can be managed with diet, exercise, and other lifestyles modifications.
CHF
• Heart failure
• Left (pulmonary)or right sided (systemic)
These diseases can be treated with the drugs
below
Nursing Considerations
• Monitor V/S
• Monitor weight
• Monitor I&O
• Hypersensitivity
• Monitor labs
• Monitor adverse effects
• Check for therapeutic effects (monitor edema, chest pain, check to see if BP ↑↓, HR ↑↓, energy (especially in CHF
patients), Patient should report the following:
• Blurred vision
• Persistent headache
• Dry mouth
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
• Edema
• Fainting episodes
• Weight gain of 2 lb in 1 day or 5 lb in 1 week
• Pulse rate less than 60 beats/min
• Dyspnea
• Alcohol consumption and spending time in hot baths or whirlpools, hot tubs, or saunas will result in vasodilation, hypotension,
and the possibility of fainting.
• Teach patients to change positions slowly to avoid postural BP changes.
• Encourage patient to keep a record of their anginal attacks. Check BP every
day. Renin-angiotensin system is a hormone system that produce in the liver
Angiotensin I is produced by the
liver. Renin turns in to angiotensin II
Renin-angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and cause BP to
increase High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys
High blood pressure reduces your kidneys to function
Adverse effects for all cardiac meds: Hypotension, liver, kidney disease, libido, fatigue, dizziness, HA, palpitation,
• Beta 1 (Cardio selective -Heart) blocking SNS and targeting receptors of the heart.
• Beta 2 (Cardiopulmonary selective- 2 Lungs) Block SNS and targeting receptors in the lungs
which could cause bronchospasm. Don’t give to COPD or asthma patient.
• Beta 2-lungs (cardiopulmonary selective) patient who has COPD or asthma should NOT
take these drugs.
• DO NOT give Propranolol to patient who has asthma.
ACE and ARBs can cause an elevated creatine and or potassium
ARBs can cause syncope (fainting on the 1st dose) and peripherally acting drugs as well.
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
Beta Blocker can cause Erectile Dysfunction
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
ACE and ARBs drugs should NOT be given to pregnant mothers. Metholdopa is safe in
pregnant mothers
Adrenergic blocks SNS
Potassium 3.5 – 5.0
Angina
• lack of oxygenated blood to the heart
• Ischemia is poor blood supply to an organ
• MI necrosis, death of cardiac tissue
• People that do cocaine can cause MI
• Chronic stable angina (long term): always have chest pain (prn nitroglycerin)
• Unstable angina: pain increases in severity
• Vasospastic angina results from spasms and pain occurs at rest and without any cause
• Rapid-acting forms used to treat acute anginal attacks.
• Long acting forms used to prevent anginal episodes
Hypertensive Drugs
Class Examples MOA Indications Adverse Effects Contraindications Nursing Implications
Procainami Used for Dysrhyth Dysrhythmi Hypersensitivity Monitor V/S
de: (used for the mias as Heart block Put patient
Antidysrhyt atrial and V- treatmen A-fib Hypersensit SLE on cardiac
hmic tach. t and ivity N/V/D Other monitor
Adverse preventi Dizziness, antidysrhythmic (ECG or
effects on of HA drugs EKG)
N/V/D, fever, disturba Hypotensio Grapefruit juice Monitor labs
rash. nces in n, Warfarin Instruct
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
Pharmacology Notes: Drug Group
Cardiac Drugs
Cardiac Assessment ↓
• Assessing HR, BP, Edema, JVD, Cardiac Sounds (Crackles)
• O2 stats, Respiratory (SOB), Angina, Capillary refill, Skin assessment (color, temp, turgor)
• Weight (if weigh 5 more pounds in a week, contact MD), Kidney Function
Test HTN
• Hypertension 120/80 (border); 140/90 or greater (Stage 1); 180/100 HTN crisis (can lead to stroke)
• High blood pressure can be managed with diet, exercise, and other lifestyles modifications.
CHF
• Heart failure
• Left (pulmonary)or right sided (systemic)
These diseases can be treated with the drugs
below
Nursing Considerations
• Monitor V/S
• Monitor weight
• Monitor I&O
• Hypersensitivity
• Monitor labs
• Monitor adverse effects
• Check for therapeutic effects (monitor edema, chest pain, check to see if BP ↑↓, HR ↑↓, energy (especially in CHF
patients), Patient should report the following:
• Blurred vision
• Persistent headache
• Dry mouth
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
• Edema
• Fainting episodes
• Weight gain of 2 lb in 1 day or 5 lb in 1 week
• Pulse rate less than 60 beats/min
• Dyspnea
• Alcohol consumption and spending time in hot baths or whirlpools, hot tubs, or saunas will result in vasodilation, hypotension,
and the possibility of fainting.
• Teach patients to change positions slowly to avoid postural BP changes.
• Encourage patient to keep a record of their anginal attacks. Check BP every
day. Renin-angiotensin system is a hormone system that produce in the liver
Angiotensin I is produced by the
liver. Renin turns in to angiotensin II
Renin-angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and cause BP to
increase High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys
High blood pressure reduces your kidneys to function
Adverse effects for all cardiac meds: Hypotension, liver, kidney disease, libido, fatigue, dizziness, HA, palpitation,
• Beta 1 (Cardio selective -Heart) blocking SNS and targeting receptors of the heart.
• Beta 2 (Cardiopulmonary selective- 2 Lungs) Block SNS and targeting receptors in the lungs
which could cause bronchospasm. Don’t give to COPD or asthma patient.
• Beta 2-lungs (cardiopulmonary selective) patient who has COPD or asthma should NOT
take these drugs.
• DO NOT give Propranolol to patient who has asthma.
ACE and ARBs can cause an elevated creatine and or potassium
ARBs can cause syncope (fainting on the 1st dose) and peripherally acting drugs as well.
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
Beta Blocker can cause Erectile Dysfunction
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
, NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
ACE and ARBs drugs should NOT be given to pregnant mothers. Metholdopa is safe in
pregnant mothers
Adrenergic blocks SNS
Potassium 3.5 – 5.0
Angina
• lack of oxygenated blood to the heart
• Ischemia is poor blood supply to an organ
• MI necrosis, death of cardiac tissue
• People that do cocaine can cause MI
• Chronic stable angina (long term): always have chest pain (prn nitroglycerin)
• Unstable angina: pain increases in severity
• Vasospastic angina results from spasms and pain occurs at rest and without any cause
• Rapid-acting forms used to treat acute anginal attacks.
• Long acting forms used to prevent anginal episodes
Hypertensive Drugs
Class Examples MOA Indications Adverse Effects Contraindications Nursing Implications
Procainami Used for Dysrhyth Dysrhythmi Hypersensitivity Monitor V/S
de: (used for the mias as Heart block Put patient
Antidysrhyt atrial and V- treatmen A-fib Hypersensit SLE on cardiac
hmic tach. t and ivity N/V/D Other monitor
Adverse preventi Dizziness, antidysrhythmic (ECG or
effects on of HA drugs EKG)
N/V/D, fever, disturba Hypotensio Grapefruit juice Monitor labs
rash. nces in n, Warfarin Instruct
NR293 Pharmacology for Nursing Practice latest update2022
