NSG 318 exam 1 practice questions EXAM NEW
VERSION LATEST UPDATE 2024 - 2025 and more
Exams Nursing in PDF
What are cell membranes made up of?
A. Lipids
-phospholipids (amphipathic)
-cholesterol (hydrophobic)
B.) Proteins- integral and surface
c.) Membranous barriers in organelles
The basic fluid structure of the membrane and serves as a semipermeable barrier
Lipid bilayermaterials are 'water-fearing', and do not mix with water
hydrophobic
materials are 'water-loving' and have a tendency to be wetted by water
hydrophilic
having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
amphipathic
A protein molecule or protein assembly permanently attached in biological membrane.
Integral protein
______ proteins span the entire lipid bilayer
integral
pores in the cellular membrane that allow the passage of ions across the impermeant
lipid cell membrane.
ion channel
______ proteins are bound to one or the other side of the membrane
peripheral
Carbohydrate rich outer layer that participates in cell-to-cell recognition and adhesion
Glycocalyx
What are the 3 main functions of the cell membrane?
-Receptor
-electrical events
-cell growth
The cell membrane provides receptors for ________ and other _________ active
substances
-hormones
-biologically
,The cell membrane participates in the electrical events that occur in _______ and
_________ cells
-nerve
-muscle
The cell membrane aids in the regulation of cell _______ and ________
-growth
-proliferation
The cell membrane is made up only of lipids and cholesterol molecules. T/F
False. The membrane is made up of lipids, cholesterol, and proteins
What are the 4 types of Cell Communication?
-autocrine
-paracrine
-endocrine
-synaptic
signaling occurs when a cell releases a chemical into the extracellular fluid that affects
its own activity
autocrine
signaling acts on nearby cells
paracrine
signaling relies on hormones carried in the bloodstream to cells throughout the body
endocrine
signaling occurs in the nervous system, where neurotransmitters act only on adjacent
nerve cells
synaptic
What are the processes by which fats, proteins, and carbohydrates from the foods we
eat are converted into energy in the form of ATP?
Metabolism
-catabolism
-anabolism
consists of breaking down stored nutrients and body tissues to produce energy (aerobic
more efficient than anaerobic production) (think "cats only break things") EX: fat
breakdown
Catabolism
a constructive process in which more complex molecules are formed from simpler ones
EX: just eaten food breakdown
Anabolism
un-oxygenated production that produces lactic acid with ATP
anaerobic
oxygenated production that produces pyruvic acid with ATP
aerobic
, What are the 3 types of movements across the cell membrane?
-simple diffusion
-carrier protein
-channel protein
we are moving particles with the concentration gradient. High concentration to low
concentration. Needs very little energy
Simple diffusion
proteins that bind to molecules or ions on one side of the membrane's concentration
gradient and release them on the other
carrier protein
create holes/pores that penetrate the membrane, enabling target molecules or ions to
flow through the concentration gradient via diffusion without interfering with one another.
channel protein
the movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser
concentration
diffusion
a phenomenon where the concentration of particles is higher in one area compared to
another
concentration gradient
membrane carrier proteins assist molecules in their movement from an area of greater
concentration to an area of lower concentration
facilitated diffusion
cellular transport assisted by enzymes and energy where substances move against a
concentration gradient (from low to high)
active transport
movement of water from area of lower concentration to a higher concentration across a
semi-permeable membrane (moves fluid where particles are)
osmosis
Cells with similar embryonic origin or function are often organized into large functional
units called_______
tissues
Tissues associated with each other form _________
organs
What are the 4 types of tissues?
-epithelial
-connective
-neural
-muscle
VERSION LATEST UPDATE 2024 - 2025 and more
Exams Nursing in PDF
What are cell membranes made up of?
A. Lipids
-phospholipids (amphipathic)
-cholesterol (hydrophobic)
B.) Proteins- integral and surface
c.) Membranous barriers in organelles
The basic fluid structure of the membrane and serves as a semipermeable barrier
Lipid bilayermaterials are 'water-fearing', and do not mix with water
hydrophobic
materials are 'water-loving' and have a tendency to be wetted by water
hydrophilic
having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
amphipathic
A protein molecule or protein assembly permanently attached in biological membrane.
Integral protein
______ proteins span the entire lipid bilayer
integral
pores in the cellular membrane that allow the passage of ions across the impermeant
lipid cell membrane.
ion channel
______ proteins are bound to one or the other side of the membrane
peripheral
Carbohydrate rich outer layer that participates in cell-to-cell recognition and adhesion
Glycocalyx
What are the 3 main functions of the cell membrane?
-Receptor
-electrical events
-cell growth
The cell membrane provides receptors for ________ and other _________ active
substances
-hormones
-biologically
,The cell membrane participates in the electrical events that occur in _______ and
_________ cells
-nerve
-muscle
The cell membrane aids in the regulation of cell _______ and ________
-growth
-proliferation
The cell membrane is made up only of lipids and cholesterol molecules. T/F
False. The membrane is made up of lipids, cholesterol, and proteins
What are the 4 types of Cell Communication?
-autocrine
-paracrine
-endocrine
-synaptic
signaling occurs when a cell releases a chemical into the extracellular fluid that affects
its own activity
autocrine
signaling acts on nearby cells
paracrine
signaling relies on hormones carried in the bloodstream to cells throughout the body
endocrine
signaling occurs in the nervous system, where neurotransmitters act only on adjacent
nerve cells
synaptic
What are the processes by which fats, proteins, and carbohydrates from the foods we
eat are converted into energy in the form of ATP?
Metabolism
-catabolism
-anabolism
consists of breaking down stored nutrients and body tissues to produce energy (aerobic
more efficient than anaerobic production) (think "cats only break things") EX: fat
breakdown
Catabolism
a constructive process in which more complex molecules are formed from simpler ones
EX: just eaten food breakdown
Anabolism
un-oxygenated production that produces lactic acid with ATP
anaerobic
oxygenated production that produces pyruvic acid with ATP
aerobic
, What are the 3 types of movements across the cell membrane?
-simple diffusion
-carrier protein
-channel protein
we are moving particles with the concentration gradient. High concentration to low
concentration. Needs very little energy
Simple diffusion
proteins that bind to molecules or ions on one side of the membrane's concentration
gradient and release them on the other
carrier protein
create holes/pores that penetrate the membrane, enabling target molecules or ions to
flow through the concentration gradient via diffusion without interfering with one another.
channel protein
the movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser
concentration
diffusion
a phenomenon where the concentration of particles is higher in one area compared to
another
concentration gradient
membrane carrier proteins assist molecules in their movement from an area of greater
concentration to an area of lower concentration
facilitated diffusion
cellular transport assisted by enzymes and energy where substances move against a
concentration gradient (from low to high)
active transport
movement of water from area of lower concentration to a higher concentration across a
semi-permeable membrane (moves fluid where particles are)
osmosis
Cells with similar embryonic origin or function are often organized into large functional
units called_______
tissues
Tissues associated with each other form _________
organs
What are the 4 types of tissues?
-epithelial
-connective
-neural
-muscle
