Burns (Nursing 4 TEST 4)
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1. What can cause burns? o Heat
o Chemicals
o Electrical current
o Radiation
2. What age groups have the highest fatality rates <4 or >65 yrs old
when it comes to burns
3. What are the most common types of burns? - Thermal burns or
"heat-induced" (most
common)
4. How are thermal burns or "heat induced" burns Flame
caused? Flash
Scald
Contact w/ hot objects
5. What 3 sources can cause chemical burns? alkali
organics
acids
6. Found in many household cleaners acid
Hydrochloric
Oxalic
Hydrofluoric
What type of chemical burn can these cause?
7. What are alkalis found in? • Oven & drain cleaners
• Fertilizers
• Heavy industrial
cleansers
8. Why are alkali burns more difficult to manage? Can be more difficult to
mng b/c alkaline sub-
stances are not neu-
tralized by tissue fluids
as readily as acid sub-
stances
Adheres to tissue,
causing protein hydrol-
, Burns (Nursing 4 TEST 4)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fw8cpt
ysis & liquefaction
• This damage contin-
ues even when the al-
kali is neutralized
9. Phenols organics
• Chemical disinfectants
Petroleum products
• Creosote
• Gasoline
Produce
• Contact burns
• Systemic toxicity
What type of burns do these cause?
10. What organs can chemical burns affect? Resp system
Liver
Kidney
11. What is the process of dealing with a chemical Person should be re-
burn? moved from burning
agent
Chemical should be
removed quickly from
skin
Dry chemical should
be brushed from skin
Affected area should
be flushed w/ copious
amts of water to irrigate
skin
12. How are dry chemicals removed from the skin? brushed off
13. When is using water effective at removing chem- anywhere from 20 min-
icals off someone? utes to 2 hours postex-
posure
, Burns (Nursing 4 TEST 4)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fw8cpt
14. How long does a chemical burn continue? Burning process will
cont as long as the
chem is in contact
w/skin
Tissue destruction may
cont up to 72 hrs after a
chem injury
15. How long can tissue destruction continue after a 72 hours
chemical injury?
16. o Result from inhalation of hot air or noxious smoke inhalation injury
chemicals
o Causes damage to tissues of resp tract Fortunately, gases are
cooled to body temp
before they reach lung
tissue
Vocal cords & glot-
tis close as a pro-
tective mechanism so
dmg to resp mucosa
rarely happens
17. What needs to be assessed with smoke inhala- oral mucosa
tion injury?
18. Smoke inhalation burns need to be treated quick- true
ly T or F
19. What are the 3 types of smoke inhalation in- Carbon monoxide (CO)
juries? poisoning
Inhalation injury
ABOVE the glottis
Inhalation injury BE-
LOW the glottis
20. What does inhaled CO cause? Hypoxia
Carboxyhemoglobine-
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fw8cpt
1. What can cause burns? o Heat
o Chemicals
o Electrical current
o Radiation
2. What age groups have the highest fatality rates <4 or >65 yrs old
when it comes to burns
3. What are the most common types of burns? - Thermal burns or
"heat-induced" (most
common)
4. How are thermal burns or "heat induced" burns Flame
caused? Flash
Scald
Contact w/ hot objects
5. What 3 sources can cause chemical burns? alkali
organics
acids
6. Found in many household cleaners acid
Hydrochloric
Oxalic
Hydrofluoric
What type of chemical burn can these cause?
7. What are alkalis found in? • Oven & drain cleaners
• Fertilizers
• Heavy industrial
cleansers
8. Why are alkali burns more difficult to manage? Can be more difficult to
mng b/c alkaline sub-
stances are not neu-
tralized by tissue fluids
as readily as acid sub-
stances
Adheres to tissue,
causing protein hydrol-
, Burns (Nursing 4 TEST 4)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fw8cpt
ysis & liquefaction
• This damage contin-
ues even when the al-
kali is neutralized
9. Phenols organics
• Chemical disinfectants
Petroleum products
• Creosote
• Gasoline
Produce
• Contact burns
• Systemic toxicity
What type of burns do these cause?
10. What organs can chemical burns affect? Resp system
Liver
Kidney
11. What is the process of dealing with a chemical Person should be re-
burn? moved from burning
agent
Chemical should be
removed quickly from
skin
Dry chemical should
be brushed from skin
Affected area should
be flushed w/ copious
amts of water to irrigate
skin
12. How are dry chemicals removed from the skin? brushed off
13. When is using water effective at removing chem- anywhere from 20 min-
icals off someone? utes to 2 hours postex-
posure
, Burns (Nursing 4 TEST 4)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fw8cpt
14. How long does a chemical burn continue? Burning process will
cont as long as the
chem is in contact
w/skin
Tissue destruction may
cont up to 72 hrs after a
chem injury
15. How long can tissue destruction continue after a 72 hours
chemical injury?
16. o Result from inhalation of hot air or noxious smoke inhalation injury
chemicals
o Causes damage to tissues of resp tract Fortunately, gases are
cooled to body temp
before they reach lung
tissue
Vocal cords & glot-
tis close as a pro-
tective mechanism so
dmg to resp mucosa
rarely happens
17. What needs to be assessed with smoke inhala- oral mucosa
tion injury?
18. Smoke inhalation burns need to be treated quick- true
ly T or F
19. What are the 3 types of smoke inhalation in- Carbon monoxide (CO)
juries? poisoning
Inhalation injury
ABOVE the glottis
Inhalation injury BE-
LOW the glottis
20. What does inhaled CO cause? Hypoxia
Carboxyhemoglobine-
