ATI TEAS Questions and Answers
Cytology A subdivision of microscopic anatomy that is the study of the parts and
structures of the body's cells
Histology A subdivision of microscopic anatomy that is the study of the parts and
structures of the body's tissues
Cell The basic building blocks of the human body and the bodies of all other living
species
Prokaryotes One of the two types of cells that don't have organelles or a nucleus.
Prokaryotes are cells that don't have organelles or a nucleus. Bacteria are an
example of a prokaryote cell
Eukaryotes One of the two types of cells that have a nucleus containing genetic material
and organelles. Eukaryotes are cells that have a nucleus containing genetic
material and organelles, as described below. The cells of the human, animals
and plants are examples of eukaryote cells.
Cell wall The area around the cell that protects the cell membrane and the cell from
threats in its external environment
Extracellular The environment outside of a cell
Intracellular Inside the cell
Permeability The ability of the cell to let particles into the cells and to get particles out of
the cell
ions Electrically charged molecules such as electrolytes in the human body
Anions Electrolytes that have a negative electrical charge
Cations Electrolytes that have positive electrical charge
Cell membrane The covering that envelopes cells and somewhat acts like the gate keeper of
the cell.
Cytoplasm The substance which makes up the bulk of a living cell and contains the
organelles
Cytoskeleton The part of the cell that maintains the shape and form of the cell
Cell nucleus The place in the cell that contains chromosomes and the place where both
DNA and RNA are synthesized and replicated.
, ATI TEAS Questions and Answers
Organelles The "mini organs" in the cell that perform a specific role.
Mitochondria This organelle produces and stores energy in the form of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) with a complex cycle of production known as the Krebs's
cycle
Lysosomes The organelle that breaks down and disposes of cellular wastes
Endoplasmic reticulum The organelle that synthesizes proteins and lipids
Golgi apparatus The organelle that processes and stores the proteins and lipids that it receives
from the endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes: The organelle that synthesize protein with the linking of different amino acids
as per the instructions of the messenger RNA molecules
Passive transport The movement of molecules across membranes that does NOT require the use
of cellular energy to perform this transport
Active transport The movement of molecules across membranes that requires the use of cellular
energy to perform this transport
Diffusion The movement of molecule from an area of higher concentration to the area or
side of the membrane that has the lesser concentration
Osmosis A type of passive transport that does NOT require the use of cellular energy to
move water and solute particles
Meiosis Cell division where the resulting cells have half of the original number of
chromosomes
Mitosis Cell division where the nucleus of the cell replicates itself into two identical
copies of itself
Tissues A group of cells with similar structure that join together to perform a
specialized function
Cytology A subdivision of microscopic anatomy that is the study of the parts and
structures of the body's cells
Histology A subdivision of microscopic anatomy that is the study of the parts and
structures of the body's tissues
Cell The basic building blocks of the human body and the bodies of all other living
species
Prokaryotes One of the two types of cells that don't have organelles or a nucleus.
Prokaryotes are cells that don't have organelles or a nucleus. Bacteria are an
example of a prokaryote cell
Eukaryotes One of the two types of cells that have a nucleus containing genetic material
and organelles. Eukaryotes are cells that have a nucleus containing genetic
material and organelles, as described below. The cells of the human, animals
and plants are examples of eukaryote cells.
Cell wall The area around the cell that protects the cell membrane and the cell from
threats in its external environment
Extracellular The environment outside of a cell
Intracellular Inside the cell
Permeability The ability of the cell to let particles into the cells and to get particles out of
the cell
ions Electrically charged molecules such as electrolytes in the human body
Anions Electrolytes that have a negative electrical charge
Cations Electrolytes that have positive electrical charge
Cell membrane The covering that envelopes cells and somewhat acts like the gate keeper of
the cell.
Cytoplasm The substance which makes up the bulk of a living cell and contains the
organelles
Cytoskeleton The part of the cell that maintains the shape and form of the cell
Cell nucleus The place in the cell that contains chromosomes and the place where both
DNA and RNA are synthesized and replicated.
, ATI TEAS Questions and Answers
Organelles The "mini organs" in the cell that perform a specific role.
Mitochondria This organelle produces and stores energy in the form of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) with a complex cycle of production known as the Krebs's
cycle
Lysosomes The organelle that breaks down and disposes of cellular wastes
Endoplasmic reticulum The organelle that synthesizes proteins and lipids
Golgi apparatus The organelle that processes and stores the proteins and lipids that it receives
from the endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes: The organelle that synthesize protein with the linking of different amino acids
as per the instructions of the messenger RNA molecules
Passive transport The movement of molecules across membranes that does NOT require the use
of cellular energy to perform this transport
Active transport The movement of molecules across membranes that requires the use of cellular
energy to perform this transport
Diffusion The movement of molecule from an area of higher concentration to the area or
side of the membrane that has the lesser concentration
Osmosis A type of passive transport that does NOT require the use of cellular energy to
move water and solute particles
Meiosis Cell division where the resulting cells have half of the original number of
chromosomes
Mitosis Cell division where the nucleus of the cell replicates itself into two identical
copies of itself
Tissues A group of cells with similar structure that join together to perform a
specialized function
