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BLD 204 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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BLD 204 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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U7L3: Contrast Primary and Secondary Malnutrition:


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#1.) Primary:
- Components are missing from the diet
#2.) Secondary:
- Malabsorption, impaired utilization or storage, too much loss, too high a
dietary need




State the effects of a viral infection on cells and/or tissue:


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a.) Direct Effects of Virus on Host Cell:
- Damage or Kill
- Persist without injuring (persistent infection)
- Transform the cell (Carcinogenic)

, b.) Host tissue reactions to above charges
c.) Response of the immune system




Discuss the possible results of exposure to environmental toxins:


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#1.) Exposure via Skin, Lungs, or GI Tract
#2.) Enters the bloodstream and is transported to tissues
#3.) Stored or Excreted
- Phase 1: Hydrolysis, Oxidation, Reduction
- Phase 2: Metabolized Into Water Soluble




Discuss ways that the human microbiome research may eventually influence clinical
practice:


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A.) Hygiene Hypothesis:
- We are preventing ourselves from developing a strong immune systems
by limiting exposure to microbes
- Immune system does not learn to recognize self from non-self
B.) Changes in the microbiota can alter brain chemistry and impact its
development
- affects anxiety like behaviors as well
C.) Fecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) to aid in C. diff infections
D.) Teaching our Children
- Restrict Antibiotic Use
- Eat more foods in their natural state
- Limit antibacterial use

, Describe three characteristics of bacterial virulence:


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#1.) Adherence of Host Cells (Adhesions)
#2.) Invasion of Host Cells
#3.) Delivery of Toxins




State the four situations that can result from the failure to eliminate a virus and what
the effect on the host is:


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#1.) Latency
#2.) Chronic Infection
#3.) Persistent and Slow Infection
#4.) Oncogenic Outcomes




Define Toxicology:


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The science of poisons:
- Distribution
- Effects
- Mechanisms
- Physical Agents
- Monitoring

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