BIO 201 Unit 1: Histology-ASU-
Questions with Solved Solutions.
Histology - Answer Study of microscopic anatomy, only 200 different cell types, 4 primary
tissue classes
4 tissue classes - Answer epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Epithelial Tissue - Answer one or more layers of closely adhering cells, extracellular material so
thin it is not visible, avascular, sits on basement membrane
Basement membrane - Answer anchors epithelium to underlying connective tissue, usually
Epithelial tissue functions - Answer protection, sensory perception, filtration, lubrication,
secretions, digestion, absorption, excretion, reproduction
Characteristics of epithelial tissue - Answer cellularity, specialized contacts, polarity,
connective tissue support, avascular, innervated, regeneration
Simple vs Stratified Epithelia - Answer one layer of cells (every cell touches basement
membrane, named by shape of cells) vs multiple layers (2-20 layers, named by shape of apical
cells)
Simple Squamous Epithelia - Answer single row of flat cells, allows rapid diffusion of
substances, secretes serous fluid, found in alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa
Simple Cuboidal Epithelia - Answer single row of cube-shaped cells, often with microvilli,
absorption and secretion; produces mucus; liver, thyroid, mammary, salivary and other glands,
bronchioles, and most kidney tubules
Single Columnar Epithelia - Answer single row of tall, narrow cells, absorption and secretion,
secretion of mucus; goblet cells, inner lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney and uterine tubes
Pseudostratified Epithelia - Answer single row of cells not all of which reach the free surface,
nuclei of basal cells give layer a stratified look, secretes and propels respiratory mucus, found in
respiratory system
Stratified Epithelia - Answer multi-layered (exception=transitional epithelium), deepest cells sit
on basement membrane, keratinized vs non-keratinized
, Stratified Squamous Epithelia - Answer most abundant type of epithelial cells, deepest cells
may be cuboidal or columnar, then become more flat as they reach the surface, skin, cheeck,
cervix
Keratinized Stratified Squamous - Answer multilayered epithelium covered with a layer of
compact, dead squamous cells packed with a tough fibrous protein called protein keratin, limits
water loss and prevents penetration of organisms, forms epidermal layer of skin
Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous - Answer moist, slippery, multilayered epithelium that
lacks surface layer of dead cells, abrasian-resistant (chewing, swallowing, intercourse, and
childbirth), found on tongue oral mucosa, esophagus, and vagina
Stratified Cuboidal - Answer two or more layers of cells; surface cells, secretes sweat; ovarian
hormones and produces sperm, found in sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicles and seminiferous
tubules
Stratified Columnar - Answer rare, can be found in regions of the pharynx (throat) and larynx
(voicebox)
Transitional Epithelia - Answer different shape near membrane vs surface, multilayered
epithelium with rounded surface cells that flatten when the tissue is stretched, function to allow
stretching, in urinary tract, kidney, ureter, bladder
Exocrine glands - Answer maintain connection to surface with a duct (epithelial tube)
Endocrine glands - Answer have no ducts, secrete their products (hormones) directly into
bloodstream
Stroma - Answer part of exocrine gland, capsule and extensions of the capsule divide gland
into lobes and lobules
Parenchyma - Answer part of exocrine gland, cells that synthesize the secretions of the gland
2 Classes of exocrine glands - Answer unicellular (one-celled gland) and multicellular
Types of multicellular exocrine glands - Answer Simple, compound
Types/Methods of Secretion - Answer Serous, mucous, mixed, cytogenic
Questions with Solved Solutions.
Histology - Answer Study of microscopic anatomy, only 200 different cell types, 4 primary
tissue classes
4 tissue classes - Answer epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Epithelial Tissue - Answer one or more layers of closely adhering cells, extracellular material so
thin it is not visible, avascular, sits on basement membrane
Basement membrane - Answer anchors epithelium to underlying connective tissue, usually
Epithelial tissue functions - Answer protection, sensory perception, filtration, lubrication,
secretions, digestion, absorption, excretion, reproduction
Characteristics of epithelial tissue - Answer cellularity, specialized contacts, polarity,
connective tissue support, avascular, innervated, regeneration
Simple vs Stratified Epithelia - Answer one layer of cells (every cell touches basement
membrane, named by shape of cells) vs multiple layers (2-20 layers, named by shape of apical
cells)
Simple Squamous Epithelia - Answer single row of flat cells, allows rapid diffusion of
substances, secretes serous fluid, found in alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa
Simple Cuboidal Epithelia - Answer single row of cube-shaped cells, often with microvilli,
absorption and secretion; produces mucus; liver, thyroid, mammary, salivary and other glands,
bronchioles, and most kidney tubules
Single Columnar Epithelia - Answer single row of tall, narrow cells, absorption and secretion,
secretion of mucus; goblet cells, inner lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney and uterine tubes
Pseudostratified Epithelia - Answer single row of cells not all of which reach the free surface,
nuclei of basal cells give layer a stratified look, secretes and propels respiratory mucus, found in
respiratory system
Stratified Epithelia - Answer multi-layered (exception=transitional epithelium), deepest cells sit
on basement membrane, keratinized vs non-keratinized
, Stratified Squamous Epithelia - Answer most abundant type of epithelial cells, deepest cells
may be cuboidal or columnar, then become more flat as they reach the surface, skin, cheeck,
cervix
Keratinized Stratified Squamous - Answer multilayered epithelium covered with a layer of
compact, dead squamous cells packed with a tough fibrous protein called protein keratin, limits
water loss and prevents penetration of organisms, forms epidermal layer of skin
Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous - Answer moist, slippery, multilayered epithelium that
lacks surface layer of dead cells, abrasian-resistant (chewing, swallowing, intercourse, and
childbirth), found on tongue oral mucosa, esophagus, and vagina
Stratified Cuboidal - Answer two or more layers of cells; surface cells, secretes sweat; ovarian
hormones and produces sperm, found in sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicles and seminiferous
tubules
Stratified Columnar - Answer rare, can be found in regions of the pharynx (throat) and larynx
(voicebox)
Transitional Epithelia - Answer different shape near membrane vs surface, multilayered
epithelium with rounded surface cells that flatten when the tissue is stretched, function to allow
stretching, in urinary tract, kidney, ureter, bladder
Exocrine glands - Answer maintain connection to surface with a duct (epithelial tube)
Endocrine glands - Answer have no ducts, secrete their products (hormones) directly into
bloodstream
Stroma - Answer part of exocrine gland, capsule and extensions of the capsule divide gland
into lobes and lobules
Parenchyma - Answer part of exocrine gland, cells that synthesize the secretions of the gland
2 Classes of exocrine glands - Answer unicellular (one-celled gland) and multicellular
Types of multicellular exocrine glands - Answer Simple, compound
Types/Methods of Secretion - Answer Serous, mucous, mixed, cytogenic
