UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH NUR 1054 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | NUR 1054 EXAM 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
1. age-related
- increased size of epidermal cells (shape varies)
changes in
- decreased moisture content
integumentary
- decreased melanocytes
system
- decreased epidermal proliferation
(epidermis)
2. age related
- flat dermal-epidermal junction
changes in der-
decreased: dermal vascular bed, macrophages
mis
(50-70% decline), fibroblasts and collagen, dermal
thickness, elastin quality, skin turgor and
elasticity, sensory fibers, sweat and sebaceous
3. age related gland function
changes in sub-
- overall increase in adipose tissue
cutaneous
- decreased subQ fat in face, hands, lower legs and
tissue
plantar surface
4. age related
changes in nails thinner, fragile, brittle, prone to splitting
5. age related
changes in hair graying and thinning, loss of body hair (axilla,
pubic area), balding
6. functional
consequences - delayed wound healing/increased susceptibility
of age-related to infec-tion
changes - decreased skin resiliency, increased
susceptibility to bruising/injury/UV radiation,
blistering
- irregular pigmentation, decreased intensity of
tanning, high susceptibility to skin cancer
- decreased sweating and shivering: increased
suscepti-bility to hypo or hyperthermia
- dry skin, discomfort
- diminished tactile sensitivity, increased
susceptibility to burns/cracking/injury
- negative self esteem
,UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH NUR 1054 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | NUR 1054 EXAM 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH NUR 1054 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | NUR 1054 EXAM 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
7. risk factors affect -medical conditions and nutritional status: hypoxia,
ane-
skin health mia, obesity, malnutrition, heart failure, circulatory
disor-ders, diabetic neuropathy, and edema
-medication effects: pruritus, dermatoses, and
photosen-sitivity reactions
-health behaviors and environmental influences:
tobacco smoking, sun exposure, air pollution
(airborne toxins)
-sociocultural influences: Hygiene and skin care
practices: bathing, use of commercial products for
hygienic and cos-metic purposes
8. risk factors
of skin tears age-related skin changes, photoaging, fragile/dry
skin, hx of previous or current skin tears, chronic
or acute disease, malnutrition, hx of falls,
aggressive behavior, impaired mobility,
dependence for ADLs, medications like long-term
9. interventions steroid therapy
for prevention
of pressure skin cleansing with no-rinse products, twice-daily use
ulcers of longer lasting emollient moisturizer lotion that
is unscent-ed and pH neutral, clothing to protect
extremities, optimal nutrition and hydration,
10. Norton Scale for maintain optimal functional level
predicting pres-
sure sore risk score less than 14 indicates high risk of pressure
ulcer development
11. risk factors
for
hypothermia alcohol
-diseases (stroke, dementia, endocrine disorders,
diabetic ketoacidosis,Parkinson's, renal failure )
malnutrition
-medication (opioids, antipsychotics, barbituates,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
1. age-related
- increased size of epidermal cells (shape varies)
changes in
- decreased moisture content
integumentary
- decreased melanocytes
system
- decreased epidermal proliferation
(epidermis)
2. age related
- flat dermal-epidermal junction
changes in der-
decreased: dermal vascular bed, macrophages
mis
(50-70% decline), fibroblasts and collagen, dermal
thickness, elastin quality, skin turgor and
elasticity, sensory fibers, sweat and sebaceous
3. age related gland function
changes in sub-
- overall increase in adipose tissue
cutaneous
- decreased subQ fat in face, hands, lower legs and
tissue
plantar surface
4. age related
changes in nails thinner, fragile, brittle, prone to splitting
5. age related
changes in hair graying and thinning, loss of body hair (axilla,
pubic area), balding
6. functional
consequences - delayed wound healing/increased susceptibility
of age-related to infec-tion
changes - decreased skin resiliency, increased
susceptibility to bruising/injury/UV radiation,
blistering
- irregular pigmentation, decreased intensity of
tanning, high susceptibility to skin cancer
- decreased sweating and shivering: increased
suscepti-bility to hypo or hyperthermia
- dry skin, discomfort
- diminished tactile sensitivity, increased
susceptibility to burns/cracking/injury
- negative self esteem
,UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH NUR 1054 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | NUR 1054 EXAM 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH NUR 1054 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | NUR 1054 EXAM 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | NURSING CARE OF OLDER ADULTS REVIEW
2026/2027
7. risk factors affect -medical conditions and nutritional status: hypoxia,
ane-
skin health mia, obesity, malnutrition, heart failure, circulatory
disor-ders, diabetic neuropathy, and edema
-medication effects: pruritus, dermatoses, and
photosen-sitivity reactions
-health behaviors and environmental influences:
tobacco smoking, sun exposure, air pollution
(airborne toxins)
-sociocultural influences: Hygiene and skin care
practices: bathing, use of commercial products for
hygienic and cos-metic purposes
8. risk factors
of skin tears age-related skin changes, photoaging, fragile/dry
skin, hx of previous or current skin tears, chronic
or acute disease, malnutrition, hx of falls,
aggressive behavior, impaired mobility,
dependence for ADLs, medications like long-term
9. interventions steroid therapy
for prevention
of pressure skin cleansing with no-rinse products, twice-daily use
ulcers of longer lasting emollient moisturizer lotion that
is unscent-ed and pH neutral, clothing to protect
extremities, optimal nutrition and hydration,
10. Norton Scale for maintain optimal functional level
predicting pres-
sure sore risk score less than 14 indicates high risk of pressure
ulcer development
11. risk factors
for
hypothermia alcohol
-diseases (stroke, dementia, endocrine disorders,
diabetic ketoacidosis,Parkinson's, renal failure )
malnutrition
-medication (opioids, antipsychotics, barbituates,
